Cystic intestinal pneumatosis of the small gut: Etiopathogenesis and review of literature.

Unlabelled: Cystic intestinal pneumatosis (CIP) is the presence of gas bubbles inside the wall of the intestine. In literature it has been reported to be associated with a variety of clinical conditions such as: superior mesenteric ischemia, intestinal perforation, bowel necrosis, infections which can cause mucosal alterations and therefore increasing its permeability, necrotizing enterocolitis in babies, trauma, intestinal obstruction, autoimmune and pulmonary pathologies. Its presence is usually documented by radiological techniques such as abdominal X-ray, CT scan and endoscopy and are usually characterized by the typical pattern of gas bubbles in the wall of the intestine.

Association between neuroendocrine tumor of the ileum and two colonic primary malignancies. A case report and review of literature.

Background: A high rate of association between neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and secondary primary malignancy (SPM) has been described in literature and this association can occur either in a synchronous or a metachronous presentation. A wide range of hypothesis has been postulated to explain the high rate of association between NETs and SPM, without definitive conclusions.

Case Presentation: We report a case of an ileal neuroendocrine tumor found incidentally at the histologic examination of the surgical specimen in a 72 years old male underwent to right hemi colectomy for two colic adenomatous polips with high grade dysplasia.

Diaphragmatic hernia Report of two cases, classification, and review of literature.

Unlabelled: Morgagni-Larrey hernia is uncommon congenital disease in the adults and presents with mild to severe clinical symptoms. In literature, about 80% of Morgagni -Larrey hernia are found on the right side of the chest cavity and have usually a peritoneal sack. Only 2-3% of patients at birth are symptomatic and therefore eligible for urgent surgery.

Appendicitis by Enterobius vermicularis presenting with recurrent abdominal pain and eosinophilia A case report.

Introduction: Enterobius vermicularis (EV) is the most common parasitic infection in developed countries. Enterobius vermicularis infestation of the appendix can cause symptoms of appendiceal pain, independent of microscopic evidence of acute inflammation. The diagnosis of a parasitic infestation is generally achieved only after the pathologic examination of the resected appendices.

The genetic architecture of the human immune system: a bioresource for autoimmunity and disease pathogenesis.

Despite recent discoveries of genetic variants associated with autoimmunity and infection, genetic control of the human immune system during homeostasis is poorly understood. We undertook a comprehensive immunophenotyping approach, analyzing 78,000 immune traits in 669 female twins. From the top 151 heritable traits (up to 96% heritable), we used replicated GWAS to obtain 297 SNP associations at 11 genetic loci, explaining up to 36% of the variation of 19 traits.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the colon with synchronous liver metastasis: a rare case report mimicking metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Primary colorectal lymphoma represents a rare minority among the colonic neoplasms. Early diagnosis is often difficult because of unspecific symptoms, with subsequent delays in diagnosis and management. We describe a rare case of colonic lymphoma presenting with synchronous liver metastasis.

The IL23R A/Gln381 allele promotes IL-23 unresponsiveness in human memory T-helper 17 cells and impairs Th17 responses in psoriasis patients.

We and others have shown that the minor, nonconserved allele Gln381 of the Arg381Gln single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs11209026G>A) of the IL-23 receptor gene (IL23R) protects against psoriasis. Moreover, we have recently shown impaired IL-23-induced IL-17A production and STAT-3 phosphorylation in Th17 cells generated in vitro from healthy individuals heterozygous for the protective A allele (GA). However, the biological effect of this variant has not been determined in homozygous carriers of the protective A allele (AA), nor in psoriatic patients.

Risk factors for conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Conversion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy has adverse effects on operating time, postoperative morbidity and hospital costs. Identifying risk factors for conversion is thus important to help surgeons to plan and counsel the patient and arranging operating schedules accordingly. This study evaluated retrospectively preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for conversion in 906 laparoscopic cholecystectomies for gallbladder calculosis.

Resident CD141 (BDCA3)+ dendritic cells in human skin produce IL-10 and induce regulatory T cells that suppress skin inflammation.

Human skin immune homeostasis, and its regulation by specialized subsets of tissue-residing immune sentinels, is poorly understood. In this study, we identify an immunoregulatory tissue-resident dendritic cell (DC) in the dermis of human skin that is characterized by surface expression of CD141, CD14, and constitutive IL-10 secretion (CD141(+) DDCs). CD141(+) DDCs possess lymph node migratory capacity, induce T cell hyporesponsiveness, cross-present self-antigens to autoreactive T cells, and induce potent regulatory T cells that inhibit skin inflammation.

The IL23R R381Q gene variant protects against immune-mediated diseases by impairing IL-23-induced Th17 effector response in humans.

IL-23 and Th17 cells are key players in tissue immunosurveillance and are implicated in human immune-mediated diseases. Genome-wide association studies have shown that the IL23R R381Q gene variant protects against psoriasis, Crohn's disease and ankylosing spondylitis. We investigated the immunological consequences of the protective IL23R R381Q gene variant in healthy donors.

Portal vein gas due to gangrenous cholecystitis treated by a laparoscopic procedure: report of a case.

Portal pneumatosis is a rare diagnostic factor, which is often associated with ischemic intestinal accidents. It has been associated with a negative prognosis for a very long time, and the presence of portal pneumatosis is usually an indication for the need to perform a laparotomy. A 68-year-old male patient with diabetes, obstructive lung disease, and a previous cerebral stroke associated with left hemiplegia presented with abdominal pain, fever and neutrophil leukocytosis.

[Indications and efficacy of parathyroidectomy in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure: our experience].

Although secondary hyperparathyroidism is improved by pharmacological therapy; 10-30% of patients with chronic renal failure undergo parathyroidectomy. The authors report on their experience with 66 cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism surgically treated over the period from January 1991 to December 2002. The surgical indications included: persistent hypercalcaemia, osteodystrophy with bone fractures, joint pain, itching and ectopic calcifications.

[Thyroid metastasis from renal carcinoma. Clinical case].

Metastatic thyroid tumours are uncommon among reported clinical cases, but are more frequent in autopsy series. The most common sites of the primary tumours are the breast (21%), kidney (12%) and lung (11%) and in some cases are detected only at autopsy. The clinical presence of thyroid tumefaction, whether associated or not with compressive symptoms, in a patient with a history of surgical treatment for renal cell carcinoma should lead to the suspicion of a metastatic nodule.