and , in addition to , may cause Phomopsis cane and leaf spot disease in grapevine.

Phomopsis cane and leaf spot (PCLS) disease, affecting grapevines ( and spp.), has been historically associated with . Typical disease symptoms, comprising bleaching and black pycnidia, have also been associated with other spp.

Temperature-Dependent Sporulation of the Fungus , the Causal Agent of Grape White Rot.

White rot, caused by the fungus , can severely reduce grapevine yields worldwide. Currently, white rot control mainly relies on fungicides applied on a calendar basis or following hailstorms that favor disease outbreaks; however, the control achieved with this strategy is often inconsistent or otherwise unsatisfactory. Realizing more rational control requires an improved understanding of white rot epidemiology.

Temporal Dynamics and Dispersal Patterns of the Primary Inoculum of , the Causal Agent of Grape White Rot.

Grape white rot can cause considerable yield losses in viticulture areas worldwide and is principally caused by . The fungus overwinters in berry mummies on the soil surface or on the trellis and produces pycnidia and conidia that serve as primary inoculum. However, little is known about the temporal dynamics and dispersal pattern of conidia.

Development and Validation of a Mechanistic Model That Predicts Infection by , the Causal Agent of Phomopsis Cane and Leaf Spot of Grapevines.

Phomopsis cane and leaf spot (PCLS), known in Europe as "excoriose," is an important fungal disease of grapevines caused by spp., and most often by (synonym ). PCLS is re-emerging worldwide, likely due to climate change, changes in the management of downy mildew from calendar- to risk-based criteria that eliminate early-season (unnecessary) sprays, and the progressive reduction in the application of broad-spectrum fungicides.

Effects of Temperature and Wetness Duration on Infection by , the Fungus Causing White Rot of Grape Berries.

Grapevine white rot, caused by , can severely damage berries during ripening. The effects of temperature and wetness duration on the infection severity of were investigated by artificially inoculating grape berries through via infection pathways (uninjured and injured berries, and through pedicels). The effect of temperature on incubation was also studied, as was that of inoculum dose.

Dynamics of Conidia Released from Grape Canes that Overwintered in the Vineyard.

Phomopsis cane and leaf spot (PCLS) is an important disease of grapevines that is mainly caused by . Dispersal dynamics of spores were investigated in two vineyards, one in northern Italy and one in Montenegro, by using spore samplers that collected α- and β-conidia from rain water running off from PCLS-affected canes. The canes were collected from each vineyard, deployed, and overwintered in the corresponding vineyards.

Can Spore Sampler Data Be Used to Predict Infection in Vineyards?

Grapevine downy mildew (DM) is caused by the dimorphic oomycete , which incites epidemics through primary and secondary infection cycles that occur throughout the season. The secondary infection cycles are caused by the sporangia produced on DM lesions. The current research examined the relationship between numbers of airborne sporangia and DM development on grape leaves to determine whether spore sampler data can be useful to predict the potential for secondary infections of .

Reduction of Colonization of and Sporulation on Bunch Trash.

Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) of grapevine, caused by , is commonly managed by fungicide (FUN) sprays at flowering (A), at prebunch closure (B), at veraison (C), and before harvest. Applications at A, B, and C are recommended to reduce colonization of bunch trash and the production of conidia during berry ripening. The effects of these applications were previously evaluated as reductions in BBR severity at harvest rather than as reductions in bunch trash colonization and sporulation by .

Influence of Fungal Strain, Temperature, and Wetness Duration on Infection of Grapevine Inflorescences and Young Berry Clusters by Botrytis cinerea.

The effect of temperature and wetness duration on infection of Vitis vinifera inflorescences (from "inflorescence clearly visible" to "end of flowering" stages) and young berry clusters (at "fruit swelling" and "berries groat-sized" stages) by Botrytis cinerea was investigated. Artificial inoculations were carried out using conidial suspensions of eight B. cinerea strains belonging to the transposon genotypes transposa and vacuma.

Occurrence of ochratoxin A-producing fungi in grapes grown in Italy.

A study was carried out to investigate fungi present on grapes grown in Italy. Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. isolates were identified and studied in vitro, and their ability to produce ochratoxin A (OA) was investigated.