Parameter analysis in stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation: A common basis for objective comparison between protocols.

Objective: Stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) is an invasive procedure based on stereotactic lesioning of cortical targets in the brain using bipolar current through electrode contacts within the SEEG implant. To date, several RF-TC protocols have been described in the literature; however, a consensus has yet to be reached. This work aims to analyze the electrical parameters during RF-TC processes, offering a method to objectively describe and compare different SEEG-guided RF-TC protocols.

SEISMONOISY: A Quasi-Real-Time Seismic Noise Network Monitoring System.

This paper introduces SEISMONOISY, an application designed for monitoring the spatiotemporal characteristic and variability of the seismic noise of an entire seismic network with a quasi-real-time monitoring approach. Actually, we have applied the developed system to monitor 12 seismic networks distributed throughout the Italian territory. These networks include the Rete Sismica Nazionale (RSN) as well as other regional networks with smaller coverage areas.

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells are functionally impaired in pediatric and young adult patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their recovery correlates with clinical outcomes.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells implicated in the response to fungal and bacterial infections. Their contribution to restoring T-cell immunity and influencing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) outcomes remains poorly understood. We retrospectively studied MAIT-cell recovery in 145 consecutive children and young adults with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic (allo)-HSCT between April 2019 and May 2022, from unrelated matched donor (MUD, N=52), with standard graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) prophylaxis, or HLA-haploidentical (Haplo, N=93) donor after in vitro αβT/CD19-cell depletion, without post-HSCT pharmacological prophylaxis.

Practical guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint ESPEN/UEG guideline.

Background: Patients with chronic gastrointestinal disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean gastrointestinal patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence.

European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint ESPEN/UEG guideline.

Background: Patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean GI patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence.

European guideline on obesity care in patients with gastrointestinal and liver diseases - Joint European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism / United European Gastroenterology guideline.

Background: Patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disease such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), pancreatitis, and chronic liver disease (CLD) often suffer from obesity because of coincidence (IBD, IBS, celiac disease) or related pathophysiology (GERD, pancreatitis and CLD). It is unclear if such patients need a particular diagnostic and treatment that differs from the needs of lean GI patients. The present guideline addresses this question according to current knowledge and evidence.

Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Rituximab in Previously Untreated Patients with CD20+ Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma or Follicular Lymphoma: Results from an Italian Phase IIIb Study.

Subcutaneous (SC) rituximab may be beneficial in terms of convenience and tolerability, with potentially fewer and less severe administration-related reactions (ARRs) compared to the intravenous (IV) form. This report presents the results of a phase IIIb study conducted in Italy. The study included adult patients with CD20+ DLBCL or FL having received at least one full dose of IV RTX 375 mg/m during induction or maintenance.

Thymic Function and T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Diversity: Implications for Patient Response to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy.

The capacity of T cells to recognize and mount an immune response against tumor antigens depends on the large diversity of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire generated in the thymus during the process of T-cell development. However, this process is dramatically impaired by immunological insults, such as that caused by cytoreductive cancer therapies and infections, and by the physiological decline of thymic function with age. Defective thymic function and a skewed TCR repertoire can have significant clinical consequences.

First Case of Patient With Two Homozygous Mutations in and Genes Presenting With Pyogenic Bacterial Infections, Elevated IgE, and Persistent EBV Viremia.

We described for the first time a female patient with the simultaneous presence of two homozygous mutations in and genes presenting with pyogenic bacterial infections, elevated IgE, and persistent EBV viremia. In addition to defective TLR/IL1R-signaling, we described novel functional alterations into the myeloid compartment. In particular, we demonstrated a defective production of reactive oxygen species exclusively in monocytes upon stimulation, the inability of immature mono-derived DCs (iDCs) to differentiate into mature DCs (mDCs) and the incapacity of mono-derived macrophages (MDMs) to resolve BCG infection .

Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian Federation of Pediatricians.

Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism, particularly during pediatric age when nutritional rickets and impaired bone mass acquisition may occur.Besides its historical skeletal functions, in the last years it has been demonstrated that vitamin D directly or indirectly regulates up to 1250 genes, playing so-called extraskeletal actions. Indeed, recent data suggest a possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of several pathological conditions, including infectious, allergic and autoimmune diseases.

Apparent Life-Threatening Events (ALTE): Italian guidelines.

Five years after the first edition, we have revised and updated the guidelines, re-examining the queries and relative recommendations, expanding the issues addressed with the introduction of a new entity, recently proposed by the American Academy of Pediatrics: BRUE, an acronym for Brief Resolved Unexplained Events. In this manuscript we will use the term BRUE only to refer to mild, idiopathic cases rather than simply replace the acronym ALTE per se.In our guidelines the acronym ALTE is used for severe cases that are unexplainable after the first and second level examinations.

Care pathways models and clinical outcomes in Disorders of consciousness.

Objective: Patients with Disorders of consciousness, are persons with extremely low functioning levels and represent a challenge for health care systems due to their high needs of facilitating environmental factors. Despite a common Italian health care pathway for these patients, no studies have analyzed information on how each region have implemented it in its welfare system correlating data with patients' clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A multicenter observational pilot study was realized.

Successful Treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome After Kidney-Liver Transplant: Correlations With the Human Herpesvirus 8 miRNome and Specific T Cell Response.

After transplant, patient infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is known to cause aggressive tumors and severe nonneoplastic complications. These latter syndromes are driven by HHV-8/KSHV lytic reactivations and related hyperinflammatory host responses typically characterized by high viral loads, elevated levels of cytokines and other inflammation biomarkers, cytopenia, organ failure, high fever, and worsening conditions (with no evidence of B cell neoplasias). These disorders are associated with a high mortality rate, often due to lack of prompt diagnosis, effective therapeutic approaches, and adequate follow-up.