Radioligand therapies in cancer: mapping the educational landscape in Europe.

Aim: We performed a systematic survey to assess the existing gaps in Europe in multidisciplinary education for integration of radioligand therapy (RLT) into cancer care and to obtain detailed information on the current limitations and key contents relevant.

Methods: A high-quality questionnaire, with emphasis on survey scales, formulation, and validity of the different items, was designed. An expert validation process was undertaken.

Validation of a quantitative PCR-high-resolution melting protocol for simultaneous screening of COL1A1 and COL1A2 point mutations and large rearrangements: application for diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a connective tissue disorder mostly characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance. Over 1,100 causal mutations have been identified scattered along all exons of genes encoding type I collagen precursors, COL1A1 and COL1A2. Because of the absence of mutational hotspots, Sanger sequencing is considered the gold standard for molecular analysis even if the workload is very laborious and expensive.

Molecular basis of osteoclastogenesis induced by osteoblasts exposed to wear particles.

In this study, we investigate the molecular mechanisms by which human osteoblasts (HOB) challenged with wear debris promote the differentiation of osteoclast precursors. HOB were obtained from trabecular bone and exposed to alumina (Al(2)O(3)) or 'ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene' (UHMWPE) particles for 24h. The supernatant (HOB-CM) was used for the immunoenzymatic detection of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), as well as for inducing the osteoclast differentiation from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

In vitro blockade of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand prevents osteoclastogenesis induced by neuroblastoma cells.

Proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts are regulated by a cytokine system that includes RANKL, which binds 2 receptors: RANK, which activates osteoclast differentiation, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), a decoy receptor that limits RANKL action. We investigated the role of the OPG/RANKL/RANK network in the pathogenesis of skeletal metastasis in neuroblastoma. Four different neuroblastoma cell lines (NB100, CHP212, SH-SY5Y, SJ-NK-P) showed a large amount of OPG and RANKL transcripts.

Isolation and characterization of a new cell line from a renal carcinoma bone metastasis.

Background: The use of cell lines isolated from metastases should enable the assessment of peculiar aspects of bone resorbing cytokine expression, as well as angiogenetic activity of renal carcinoma bone metastases.

Materials And Methods: A cell line (CRBM-1990) was isolated from a renal cell carcinoma bone metastasis and compared with the ACHN and Caki-1 established lines. The expression of osteolytic cytokine and angiogenetic growth factors mRNAs, as well as the effect on migration and proliferation of a bovine bone cell line (BBE) were determined.