Guidelines for preparation and flow cytometry analysis of human nonlymphoid tissue DC.

This article is part of the Dendritic Cell Guidelines article series, which provides a collection of state-of-the-art protocols for the preparation, phenotype analysis by flow cytometry, generation, fluorescence microscopy, and functional characterization of mouse and human dendritic cells (DC) from lymphoid organs, and various nonlymphoid tissues. Within this article, detailed protocols are presented that allow for the generation of single-cell suspensions from human nonlymphoid tissues including lung, skin, gingiva, intestine as well as from tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes with a subsequent analysis of dendritic cells by flow cytometry. Further, prepared single-cell suspensions can be subjected to other applications including cellular enrichment procedures, RNA sequencing, functional assays, etc.

The Role of Functional Health Literacy in Terms of Hazardous Alcohol Use in Adults with Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder.

Co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) represents a prevalent and problematic comorbidity. Functional health literacy (FHL) may play a role in this comorbidity based on its previously documented role in hazardous drinking. The current study examined functional health literacy (FHL) regarding hazardous drinking among a sample with probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD).

The Role of Functional Health Literacy in terms of Harmful Alcohol Use in Adults with Probable Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder.

Purpose: The current study examined functional health literacy (FHL) in regard to hazardous drinking among a sample with probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Methods: Participants were 565 adults with probable PTSD and hazardous alcohol use (52.2% female, 68.

Caveat emptor: Mental health specialty certifications and the public's preferences for clinical care.

Appropriate training and continuing education for mental health professionals are designed to ensure that clinicians provide effective and ethical care. Mental health consumers may depend upon these credentials to judge the level of a professional's competence, but whether these activities and credentials provide a valid indicator of knowledge and skills is subject to debate. The present study was designed to examine preferences for mental health clinicians among potential consumers and factors that may inform these preferences, specifically comparing preferences for doctoral-level mental health clinicians and masters-level clinicians with and without specialty certification for treating anxiety symptoms.

Loss of function of ENT3 drives histiocytosis and inflammation through TLR-MAPK signaling.

Histiocytoses are inflammatory myeloid neoplasms often driven by somatic activating mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade genes. H syndrome is an inflammatory genetic disorder caused by germ line loss-of-function mutations in SLC29A3, encoding the lysosomal equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 (ENT3). Patients with H syndrome are predisposed to develop histiocytosis, yet the mechanism is unclear.

Human Dendritic Cell Enrichment and Their Activation of T Cells.

Dendritic cells (DCs) enable the immune system to mount and modulate precisely targeted responses to various threats across the organism by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Historically, DCs have been classified as conventional (cDC) and plasmacytoid (pDC). More recently, cDCs were acknowledged as a heterogenous population composed of several subsets.

Using pre-treatment de novo threat conditioning outcomes to predict treatment response to DCS augmentation of exposure-based CBT.

Background: Over a decade and a half of research has resulted in inconsistent evidence for the efficacy of d-cycloserine (DCS), a partial glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate agonist, for augmenting exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety- and fear-based disorders. These variable findings have motivated the search for moderators of DCS augmentation efficacy.

Methods: In this secondary analysis of a previous randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the value of de novo threat conditioning outcomes-degree of threat acquisition, extinction, and extinction retention-for predicting treatment response to exposure-based CBT for social anxiety disorder, applied with and without DCS augmentation in a sample of 59 outpatients.

Climate change views examined through a behavioral medicine frame: are there potential target mechanisms for change beyond political ideology?

The threat of climate change is associated with both profound health consequences and failures by many individuals to take preventive actions. Behavioral science research on health behavior engagement may serve as a lens through which to better understand attitudes associated with the threat of climate change. This study was designed to examine individual differences in attitudinal responses to climate change, understanding the degree to which these responses can be predicted by both political beliefs and more readily modified psychological factors commonly associated with health behavior engagement: locus of control, anxiety sensitivity, delay discounting, and intolerance of uncertainty.

Topical phage therapy in a mouse model of Cutibacterium acnes-induced acne-like lesions.

Acne vulgaris is a common neutrophil-driven inflammatory skin disorder in which Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is known to play a key role. For decades, antibiotics have been widely employed to treat acne vulgaris, inevitably resulting in increased bacterial antibiotic resistance.

'Women in the front': Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Depression, anxiety, loneliness, and somatization in the Israel population.

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a high level of psychological distress in the general population. The aims of this study were to examine the mental health of men and women in the general population in Israel during the first lockdown. The sample comprised 587 participants (426 females and 161 males), whose age ranged between 16 and 85.

Underscoring the F in FoMO: How does anxiety sensitivity contribute to fear of missing out?

Fear of missing out (FoMO) is a prevalent phenomenon associated with a range of mental health symptoms, such as depression and anxiety. To our knowledge, the question of whether FoMO can be explained by other well-known mechanistic variables-namely, loneliness, rumination, and anxiety sensitivity (AS) - has not been previously evaluated. The current study investigated the predictive power of loneliness, rumination, and AS for explaining variance in FoMO within two independent samples of undergraduate students at a large Northeastern university.

Impact of preference for yoga or cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder on treatment outcomes and engagement.

There is some, but inconsistent, evidence to suggest that matching patient treatment preference enhances treatment engagement and outcome. The current study examined differential preferences and factors associated with treatment preference for 12-week group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), yoga, or stress education in 226 adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; 70% female, Mean age = 33 ± 13.5).

The association between race- and ethnicity-related stressors and sleep: the role of rumination and anxiety sensitivity.

Study Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and self-reported sleep duration and two indices of sleep quality in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of adults. We investigated the relations between both rumination and anxiety sensitivity with these self-reported sleep outcomes. We also examined rumination and anxiety sensitivity as moderators of three race- and ethnicity-related stressors: discrimination, acculturative stress, and socioeconomic status.

Dntt expression reveals developmental hierarchy and lineage specification of hematopoietic progenitors.

Intrinsic and extrinsic cues determine developmental trajectories of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Using two newly generated transgenic mice that report and trace the expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), transient induction of TdT was detected on a newly identified multipotent progenitor (MPP) subset that lacked self-renewal capacity but maintained multilineage differentiation potential. TdT induction on MPPs reflected a transcriptionally dynamic but uncommitted stage, characterized by low expression of lineage-associated genes.

The association between medical students' motivation with learning environment, perceived academic rank, and burnout.

Objectives: To assess the correlations between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, personal growth and quality of life with learning environment perceptions, perceived academic rank and burnout among medical students.

Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaires were administered to medical students at three medical schools in Israel, Malaysia, and China, at the end of one academic year. Surveys included demographic data, students' perceived academic rank, two learning environment perceptions scales, and scales for personal growth, goal orientation, burnout and quality of life.

Emotion Regulation Flexibility in Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Background: People differ in their affective styles, which refers to habitual use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies. Previous research has shown that mental health is associated with an individual's adaptive flexibility of emotion regulation strategies rather than any one particular ER strategy.

Methods: The present study employed a person-centered approach using latent profile analyses to distinguish patients with generalized anxiety disorder based on their responses on an affective styles measure.

Impact of sleep on complicated grief severity and outcomes.

Background: Complicated grief (CG) is characterized by persistent, impairing grief after losing a loved one. Little is known about sleep disturbance in CG. Baseline prevalence of subjective sleep disturbance, impact of treatment on sleep, and impact of mid-treatment sleep on CG and quality of life outcomes were examined in adults with CG in secondary analyses of a clinical trial.

Evaluation of a course to prepare international students for the United States Medical Licensing Examination step 2 clinical skills exam.

Purpose: United States (US) and Canadian citizens attending medical school abroad often desire to return to the US for residency, and therefore must pass US licensing exams. We describe a 2-day United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) step 2 clinical skills (CS) preparation course for students in the Technion American Medical School program (Haifa, Israel) between 2012 and 2016.

Methods: Students completed pre- and post-course questionnaires.

International study of medical school learning environments and their relationship with student well-being and empathy.

Objective: To assess whether favourable perceptions of the learning environment (LE) were associated with better quality of life, less burnout and more empathy across three undergraduate medical education programmes in Israel, Malaysia and China.

Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were administered at the end of the 2013-2014 academic year at three medical schools: Technion American Medical Students Program (TAMS) in Israel, Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine (PURCSI) in Malaysia and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) in China. LE perceptions were assessed using the Johns Hopkins Learning Environment Scale (JHLES).

PTSD symptom presentation across the deployment cycle.

Background: Symptom-level variation in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has not yet been examined in the early post-deployment phase, but may be meaningful etiologically, prognostically, and clinically.

Methods: Using latent class analysis (LCA), we examined PTSD symptom heterogeneity in a cohort of participants from the Marine Resiliency Study (MRS), a longitudinal study of combat Marines deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan (N=892). Typologies of PTSD symptom presentation were examined at one month pre-deployment and again one, five, and eight months post-deployment.

Posttraumatic stress in deployed Marines: prospective trajectories of early adaptation.

We examined the course of PTSD symptoms in a cohort of U.S. Marines (N = 867) recruited for the Marine Resiliency Study (MRS) from a single infantry battalion that deployed as a unit for 7 months to Afghanistan during the peak of conflict there.