Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath, blood, and urine detected in patients with thyroid carcinoma using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometrya pilot study.

The differentiation between malignant and benign thyroid nodules represents a significant challenge for clinicians globally. The identification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has emerged as a novel approach in the field of cancer diagnosis. This prospective pilot study aims to identify VOCs in exhaled breath, blood, and urine that can differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS).

Risk Factor Targeted Perioperative Care Reduces Anastomotic Leakage after Colorectal Surgery: The DoubleCheck study.

Objective: The DoubleCheck study aimed to introduce pre- and perioperative interventions minimizing exposure to modifiable risk factors and determine its effect on CAL.

Summary Background Data: Colorectal anastomotic leakage (CAL) is a severe complication. In order to predict and prevent its occurrence, the LekCheck study identified intraoperative modifiable risk factors for CAL: anemia, hyperglycemia, hypothermia, incorrect timing of antibiotic prophylaxis, administration of vasopressors and epidural analgesia.

Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein as a Predictor of Early Mesenteric Injury Preceding Clinical Presentation: A Case Report.

Introduction: Diagnosing non-occlusive mesenteric ischaemia (NOMI) in patients is complicated, due to poor signs and symptoms and non-specific laboratory tests, leading to a high mortality rate. This case study presents the rare case of a patient who developed mesenteric ischaemia after an emergency thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR) for a type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and peri-operative cardiogenic shock. Study outcomes revealed that intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) identified early mucosal damage two days before the clinical presentation.

Development and external validation of preoperative clinical prediction models for postoperative outcomes including preoperative aerobic fitness in patients approaching elective colorectal cancer surgery.

Introduction: Preoperative aerobic fitness is associated with postoperative outcomes after elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. This study aimed to develop and externally validate two clinical prediction models incorporating a practical test to assess preoperative aerobic fitness to distinguish between patients with and without an increased risk for 1) postoperative complications and 2) a prolonged time to in-hospital recovery of physical functioning after elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.

Materials And Methods: Models were developed using prospective data from 256 patients and externally validated using prospective data of 291 patients.

Volatile organic compounds in headspace characterize isolated bacterial strains independent of growth medium or antibiotic sensitivity.

Introduction: Early and reliable determination of bacterial strain specificity and antibiotic resistance is critical to improve sepsis treatment. Previous research demonstrated the potential of headspace analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to differentiate between various microorganisms associated with pulmonary infections in vitro. This study evaluates whether VOC analysis can also discriminate antibiotic sensitive from resistant bacterial strains when cultured on varying growth media.

Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Parathyroid Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review.

Accurate preoperative localization is crucial for successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Preoperative localization can be challenging in patients with recurrent and/or multigland disease (MGD). This has led clinicians to investigate multiple imaging techniques, most of which are associated with radiation exposure.

Lipidomic Phenotyping Of Human Small Intestinal Organoids Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

In the past decade, interest in organoids for biomedical research has surged, resulting in a higher demand for advanced imaging techniques. Traditional specimen embedding methods pose challenges, such as analyte delocalization and histological assessment. Here, we present an optimized sample preparation approach utilizing an Epredia M-1 cellulose-based embedding matrix, which preserves the structural integrity of fragile small intestinal organoids (SIOs).

Surgical Treatment of Developmental Dysplastic Lumbosacral Spondylolisthesis: Additional Help from an Intervertebral Distraction, Correction, and Reduction Device.

Background:  In mid- to high-grade adult dysplastic spondylolisthesis, surgeons are faced with three underlying components: angular, translational, and collapse of the disk. In extremely narrow intervertebral spaces, it is difficult to distract and lift the vertebral bodies by the pedicle screw system alone. In this prospective case control study, we analyzed the efficacy of the latest prototypes (distraction, correction, and reduction [DCR] instrument) with intervertebral application in terms of distraction, correction of segmental kyphosis, and slip reduction.

Detection of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in exhaled breath with an electronic nose.

This proof-of-principle study investigates the diagnostic performance of the Aeonose in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid diseases based on volatile organic compound analysis in exhaled breath. All patients with a suspicious thyroid nodule planned for surgery, exhaled in the Aeonose. Definitive diagnosis was provided by histopathological determination after surgical resection.

The patient perspective on the preoperative colorectal cancer care pathway and preparedness for surgery and postoperative recovery-a qualitative interview study.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to explore colorectal cancer (CRC) patients' perspectives and experiences regarding the preoperative surgical care pathway and their subsequent preparedness for surgery and postoperative recovery.

Methods: CRC patients were recruited using purposive sampling and were interviewed three times (preoperatively, and 6 weeks and 3 months postoperatively) using semistructured telephone interviews. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed independently by two researchers using thematic analysis with open coding.

Quality and clinical generalizability of feasibility outcomes in exercise prehabilitation before colorectal cancer surgery - A systematic review.

Suboptimal quality of feasibility assessments might partially explain inconsistencies observed in the effectiveness of exercise prehabilitation before colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. This systematic review aimed to assess the reporting quality and clinical generalizability of feasibility outcomes in feasibility studies addressing exercise prehabilitation before CRC surgery. PubMed/Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched to identify all feasibility studies focussing on exercise prehabilitation in CRC surgery.

Aerobic fitness and muscle density play a vital role in postoperative complications in colorectal cancer surgery.

Background And Objectives: To assess the association of preoperative aerobic fitness and body composition variables with a patient's resilience to the development and impact of postoperative complications after elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery.

Methods: Preoperative aerobic fitness was assessed by steep ramp test performance. Preoperative body composition was assessed by muscle mass and density determined from preoperative computed tomography scan analysis at the L3-level.

Non-invasive breath collection in murine models using a newly developed sampling device.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath have the potential to be used as biomarkers for screening and diagnosis of diseases. Clinical studies are often complicated by both modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing the composition of VOCs in exhaled breath. Small laboratory animal studies contribute in obtaining fundamental insight in alterations in VOC composition in exhaled breath and thereby facilitate the design and analysis of clinical research.

[Attainment of the Lessinvasive Neurospinal Surgery: Full Endoscopic Spinal Surgery].

Full endoscopic spinal surgery(FESS)is the the least invasive surgery among the current spinal surgeries. FESS approach can be used to perform discectomy, decompression for stenosis, posterolateral fusion, etc. with little destruction of the spinal structure and posterior supporting elements, under local or general anesthesia.

Relation between preoperative aerobic fitness estimated by steep ramp test performance and postoperative morbidity in colorectal cancer surgery: prospective observational study.

Steep ramp test (SRT) performance provides an estimation of preoperative aerobic fitness that is associated with postoperative outcomes. Patients with a better SRT-estimated aerobic fitness are less likely to develop postoperative complications and more likely to experience a shorter time to recovery. The SRT might be a useful and clinically accessible tool in preoperative risk assessment to identify patients at risk of postoperative morbidity and who might benefit from preoperative exercise interventions.

Breath analysis for the detection of digestive tract malignancies: systematic review.

Background: In recent decades there has been growing interest in the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple variants of cancer. This review aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and current status of VOC analysis in exhaled breath for the detection of cancer in the digestive tract.

Methods: PubMed and the Cochrane Library database were searched for VOC analysis studies, in which exhaled air was used to detect gastro-oesophageal, liver, pancreatic, and intestinal cancer in humans, Quality assessment was performed using the QUADAS-2 criteria.

Applying the electronic nose for pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 screening.

Background: Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes corona virus disease (COVID-19). The most standard diagnostic method is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on a nasopharyngeal and/or an oropharyngeal swab. The high occurrence of false-negative results due to the non-presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the oropharyngeal environment renders this sampling method not ideal.

Can Electric Nose Breath Analysis Identify Abdominal Wall Hernia Recurrence and Aortic Aneurysms? A Proof-of-Concept Study.

. This pilot study evaluates if an electronic nose (eNose) can distinguish patients at risk for recurrent hernia formation and aortic aneurysm patients from healthy controls based on volatile organic compound analysis in exhaled air. Both hernia recurrence and aortic aneurysm are linked to impaired collagen metabolism.

Exciton diffusion in two-dimensional metal-halide perovskites.

Two-dimensional layered perovskites are attracting increasing attention as more robust analogues to the conventional three-dimensional metal-halide perovskites for both light harvesting and light emitting applications. However, the impact of the reduced dimensionality on the optoelectronic properties remains unclear, particularly regarding the spatial dynamics of the excitonic excited state within the two-dimensional plane. Here, we present direct measurements of exciton transport in single-crystalline layered perovskites.