Expression of metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and plasma zinc concentrations in women with fibroadenoma.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between the immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and plasma zinc in women with fibroadenoma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 37 premenopausal women with fibroadenoma. Waist circumference and body mass index of the participants were measured.

Association between matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene polymorphism and breast cancer in Brazilian women.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between rs17576 (MMP-9) polymorphism and increased cancer risk in a Brazilian breast cancer cohort.

Methods: This study included 141 women (71 breast cancer patients and 70 controls without breast cancer) who donated 3 mL of their peripheral blood for genomic DNA extraction. This DNA was then genotyped using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma: a randomized, double-blind study.

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 may play an important role in cell proliferation and dissemination of cancer. However, few studies have compared the expression of these proteins between breast cancer and fibroadenoma.

Material And Methods: A randomized, double-blind study was carried out in 66 premenopausal women, aged 20-49 years, who had been diagnosed with fibroadenoma or breast cancer.

A case-control study of Metallothionein-1 expression in breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma.

The overexpression of Metallothionein-1 (MT-1) may play an important role in breast cancer; however, few studies have compared MT-1 expression between breast cancer and fibroadenoma. A cross-sectional controlled study was performed in 66 premenopausal women, aged 20-49 years, who had been histologically diagnosed with breast fibroadenoma or breast cancer. The patients were divided into two groups: group A, control (fibroadenoma, n = 36) and group B, study (breast cancer, n = 30).

Review of Polymorphism of the Calcium-Sensing Receptor Gene and Breast Cancer Risk.

Polymorphism of the calcium-sensing receptor gene (CaSR or CaR) has been associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. This receptor plays an important role in calcium homeostasis, and has also been detected in several tissues that are unrelated to calcium metabolism, such as the skin, brain, and breast. The calcium-sensing receptor on cellular level, it regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, cell death, and gene expression.

Bcl-2 antigen expression in luminal A and triple-negative breast cancer.

Biomarkers for the prognosis of breast cancer have been routinely used in clinical practice, including the expression of hormone receptors, Ki-67 and HER-2. More recently, Bcl-2 has been recognized as an important prognostic factor in breast cancer, although controversies persist with respect to the significance of its expression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Bcl-2 antigen expression in luminal A and triple-negative breast cancer.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 gene polymorphism in women with breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a disease of unknown etiology; however, the major risk factors are genetic alterations. Studies have demonstrated an association between insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphism and cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis, in addition to its role in breast cancer growth and aggressiveness. Two polymorphic variants of the IGF-1 gene are highlighted in association with breast cancer, rs6220 and rs7136446, although controversy exists as to this relationship.

Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome: A literature review.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder with variable prevalence, affecting about one in every 15 women worldwide. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome requires at least two of the following criteria: oligoovulation and/or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism and morphology of polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS appear to have a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders, hypertension and cardiovascular disorders.

Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in astrocytomas: a literature review.

Gliomas are the most common type of primary central nervous system neoplasm. Astrocytomas are the most prevalent type of glioma and these tumors may be influenced by sex steroid hormones. A literature review for the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in astrocytomas was conducted in the PubMed database using the following MeSH terms: "estrogen receptor beta" OR "estrogen receptor alpha" OR "estrogen receptor antagonists" OR "progesterone receptors" OR "astrocytoma" OR "glioma" OR "glioblastoma".

The effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on zinc nutritional status.

Background: Researchers have found that zinc nutritional status in obese and diabetic subjects is altered: low zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes, with high urinary zinc excretion, were observed. This study evaluated the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentration.

Methods: 22 morbidly obese patients were studied before and 6 months after RYGBP.