Background: The trabecular bone score (TBS) indirectly estimates bone quality and predicts low-impact fractures independently of bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is still a paucity of data linking bone and heart diseases, mainly with gaps in the TBS analysis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated TBS, BMD, and fractures in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and in sex-, BMI- and age-matched controls, and we assessed the fracture probability using the FRAX tool, considering active search for fractures by vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) and the adjustment for the TBS.
Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia and their relationship with clinical variables, physical activity, quality of life, and diet in patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in patients with HFrEF and matched controls. Clinical, laboratory analysis, dual-emission X-ray densitometry, handgrip strength, and physical activity level questionnaire assessments were performed.