Lessons for a learning health system: Effectively communicating to patients about research with their health information and biospecimens.

Introduction: Sharing patient health information and biospecimens can improve health outcomes and accelerate breakthroughs in medical research. But patients generally lack understanding of how their clinical data and biospecimens are used or commercialized for research. In this mixed methods project, we assessed the impact of communication materials on patient understanding, attitudes, and perceptions.

Hiatus and pelvic floor failure patterns in pelvic organ prolapse: a 3D MRI study of structural interactions using a level III conceptual model.

Background: A large urogenital hiatus in level III results in a higher risk of developing pelvic organ prolapse after birth and failure after prolapse surgery. Deepening of the pelvic floor and downward rotation of the levator plate have also been linked to prolapse. Currently we lack data that evaluates how these measures relate to one another and to prolapse occurrence and size.

Comprehensive evaluation of physio-morphological traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties under salt stress.

Salt is a major abiotic factor significantly affecting plant growth and development. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a crucial perennial crop for livestock feed, shows significant differences in salt tolerance among different varieties.

Corrigendum: Sini san regulates intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids to ameliorate hepatocyte apoptosis and relieve CCl-induced liver fibrosis in mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

MRI-Based Structural Failure Comparison between Chinese and American White Women With Prolapse: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Although some evidence suggests that Chinese and white women might have different pelvic floor anatomy such as levator complex and connective tissue support for pelvic organs, it is unknown if these differences affect the mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse. We sought to determine whether differences exist in MRI-based structural failure patterns between Chinese and American white women with prolapse.

Methods: This is a case-control study in different racial cohorts recruited in China and the USA.

Confining Flat Ru Islands into TiO Lattice with the Coexisting Ru-O-Ti and Ru-Ti Bonds for Ultra-Stable Hydrogen Evolution at Amperometric Current Density and Hydrogen Oxidation at High Potential.

Effective hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under high current density and enhanced hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) over a wide potential range remain challenges for Ru-based electrocatalysts because its strong affinity to the adsorbed hydroxyl (OH) inhibits the supply of the adsorbed hydrogen (H). Herein, the coexisting Ru─O─Ti and Ru─Ti bonds are constructed by taking TiO crystal confined flat-Ru clusters (F-Ru@TiO) to cope with above-mentioned obstacles. The different electronegativity (χ = 1.

Multicenter validation of automated detection of paramagnetic rim lesions on brain MRI in multiple sclerosis.

Background And Purpose: Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are an MRI biomarker of chronic inflammation in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). PRLs may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of MS. However, manual identification of PRLs is time-consuming and prone to poor interrater reliability.

Sini san regulates intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids to ameliorate hepatocyte apoptosis and relieve CCl-induced liver fibrosis in mice.

Introduction: Si-Ni-San (SNS), a traditional Chinese medicine, is effective in treating liver fibrosis with an unclear mechanism. Although disturbance of intestinal flora and the subsequent secretion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) is suggested to be involved in the progression of liver fibrosis, whether SNS produces the anti-fibrosis effect through the regulation of intestinal flora and SCFAs remains unclear.

Methods: In the current study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-treated mice were dosed with SNS to examine the anti-fibrotic effects and the involved mechanism.

Postpartum Changes in Levator Plate Shape and Genital Hiatus Size After Vaginal Delivery.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Vaginal delivery is a risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse. We sought to quantify changes in level III pelvic support measurements at 7 weeks and 8 months following vaginal delivery.

Methods: This secondary analysis included primiparous women who underwent pelvic MRI and clinical examinations at 7 weeks and 8 months after vaginal delivery.

Genetic Researchers' Use of and Interest in Research With Diverse Ancestral Groups.

Importance: Genetic researchers must have access to databases populated with data from diverse ancestral groups to ensure research is generalizable or targeted for historically excluded communities.

Objective: To determine genetic researchers' interest in doing research with diverse ancestral populations, which database stewards offer adequate samples, and additional facilitators for use of diverse ancestral data.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study was conducted from June to December 2022 and was part of an exploratory sequential mixed-methods project in which previous qualitative results informed survey design.

Functional Anatomy of Urogenital Hiatus Closure: the Perineal Complex Triad Hypothesis.

Introduction: Urogenital hiatus enlargement is a critical factor associated with prolapse and operative failure. This study of the perineal complex was performed to understand how interactions among its three structures: the levator ani, perineal membrane, and perineal body-united by the vaginal fascia-work to maintain urogenital hiatus closure.

Methods: Magnetic resonance images from 30 healthy nulliparous women with 3D reconstruction of selected subjects were used to establish overall geometry.

A unified pelvic floor conceptual model for studying morphological changes with prolapse, age, and parity.

Several 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional measurements have been used to assess changes in pelvic floor structures and shape. These include assessment of urogenital and levator hiatus dimensions, levator injury grade, levator bowl volume, and levator plate shape. We argue that each assessment reflects underlying changes in an individual aspect of the overall changes in muscle and fascial structures.

Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of New Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To determine early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of new multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions that will develop into paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which have been associated with progressive tissue injury in MS.

Methods: New contrast-enhancing lesions observed on routine clinical MRI were imaged at 7 T within 4 weeks of observation, and 3 and 6 months later. The 6-month MRI was used to classify PRL status (PRL or non-PRL).

Effect of gastrodin against cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration in APP/PS1 mice via regulating gut microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Gastrodin (Gas) has exhibited protective activity in neurological disorders. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effect and potential mechanisms of Gas against cognitive impairment via regulating gut microbiota. APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic (APP/PS1) mice were treated intragastrically with Gas for 4 weeks, and then cognitive deficits, deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylation of tau were analyzed.

Assessment of daily variation in pelvic anatomy in women with and without pelvic organ prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) can affect quality of life and are reported to progress during the day, although this was never objectified. The aim of this study is to determine whether the pelvic anatomy changes during the day using upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in POP patients and asymptomatic women.

Methods: In this prospective study 15 POP patients and 45 asymptomatic women were included.

A comparison of MRI-based pelvic floor support measures between young and old women with prolapse.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We sought to 1) test the hypothesis that young women (≤45 years) with pelvic organ prolapse have a higher prevalence of major levator ani muscle (LAM) defects than old women (≥70 years) with prolapse and 2) compare level II/III measurements between young and old women with prolapse and age-matched controls to evaluate age-related mechanistic differences in the disease process.

Methods: A secondary analysis examined four groups of parous women: young prolapse (YPOP, n = 17); old prolapse (OPOP, n = 17); young controls (YC, n = 15); old controls, (OC, n = 13). Prolapse was defined as any compartment at or beyond the hymen with vaginal bulge symptoms.

Variations in structural support site failure patterns by prolapse size on stress 3D MRI.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Our objective was to develop a standardized measurement system to evaluate structural support site failures among women with anterior vaginal wall-predominant prolapse according to increasing prolapse size using stress three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Ninety-one women with anterior vaginal wall-predominant prolapse and uterus in situ who had undergone research stress 3D MRI were included for analysis. The vaginal wall length and width, apex and paravaginal locations, urogenital hiatus diameter, and prolapse size were measured at maximal Valsalva on MRI.

Hiatal failure: effects of pregnancy, delivery, and pelvic floor disorders on level III factors.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The failure of the levator hiatus (LH) and urogenital hiatus (UGH) to remain closed is not only associated with pelvic floor disorders, but also contributes to recurrence after surgical repair. Pregnancy and vaginal birth are key events affecting this closure. An understanding of normal and failed hiatal closure is necessary to understand, manage, and prevent pelvic floor disorders.

Age, parity, and prolapse: interaction and influence on levator bowl volume.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to test the hypotheses that a linear relationship exists between age and levator bowl volume (LBV); and that age, parity, and prolapse are independently associated with LBV.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from nulliparous women, parous controls, and prolapse (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) Ba ≥ 1 cm) cases from each of three age groups: young (≤40), mid-age (50-60), and older (≥70). LBV was measured using MRI at rest and Valsalva as the 3D space contained above the levator ani muscles and below the sacrococcygeal junction-to-inferior pubic point reference plane.

Analysis of long-term structural failure after native tissue prolapse surgery: a 3D stress MRI-based study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We sought to identify postoperative structural failure sites associated with long-term prolapse recurrence and their association with symptoms and satisfaction.

Methods: Women who had a research MRI prior to native-tissue prolapse surgery were recruited for examination, 3D stress MRI, and questionnaires. Recurrence was defined by Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q)Ba/Bp > 0 or C > -4.

A new 3D stress MRI measurement strategy to quantify surgical correction of prolapse in three support systems.

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measurement strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical procedures in restoring normal anatomy in all three systems of pelvic floor support and quantify the structural changes induced by prolapse surgery.

Methods: Patients underwent clinical examination and stress MRI preoperatively and again 3 months postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative measures of three MRI-based structural support systems were made: (1) vaginal wall, (2) apical and paravaginal support, and (3) hiatal closure system.

Does preoperative resting genital hiatus size predict surgical outcomes?

Aim: To determine whether preoperative genital hiatus at rest is predictive of medium-term prolapse recurrence.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of women who underwent native tissue prolapse surgery from 2002 to 2017 with pelvic organ prolapse quantification data including resting genital hiatus at one of three time points: preoperatively, 6 weeks, and ≥1 year postoperatively. Demographics and clinical data were abstracted from the chart.