Solvent-free fabrication of an NiP/UiO-66 catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural to cyclopentanone.

Dispersing metal phosphides on supports with large surface areas is a feasible way to boost the catalytic hydrogenation performance. However, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are very promising porous materials, have rarely been used to load metal phosphides owing to the harsh synthesis conditions of metal phosphides. This work demonstrated a facile and solvent-free method to construct a highly dispersed NiP/UiO-66 catalyst (the particle size of NiP was 2.

Costunolide Ameliorates the Methylmalonic Acidemia Via the PINK1/Parkin Pathway.

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a congenital organic acidemia characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction due to the abnormal accumulation of intermediate metabolites, which subsequently leads to brain damage. Currently, there are no specific pharmacological treatments available for MMA in clinical practice. Costunolide (COS) is a sesquiterpenoid compound derived from Radix Aucklandiae, it exhibits a broad spectrum of bioactivities.

YOD1 regulates microglial homeostasis by deubiquitinating MYH9 to promote the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major form of dementia in the elderly and is closely related to the toxic effects of microglia sustained activation. In AD, sustained microglial activation triggers impaired synaptic pruning, neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, and cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that aberrant expression of deubiquitinating enzymes is associated with regulating microglia function.

Observation of the efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab in the treatment of refractory idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

Background: This study analyzed the clinical data of 25 patients with refractory idiopathic membranous nephropathy (RIMN) treated with obinutuzumab, aiming to investigate its efficacy and safety.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with RIMN who were treated with obinutuzumab, admitted to the Department of Nephrology at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from March 2022 to November 2023. The treatment of obinutuzumab was determined based on the individual patient's specific circumstances.

Sclareol improves the pathology of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting microglial inflammation via interacting with CDK9.

Background: Excessive activation of microglia triggers pro-inflammatory responses, exacerbating neuronal damage and accelerating the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Thus, targeting abnormal microglial activation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. In this study, we identified sclareol (SCL) through compound library screening as a potent anti-inflammatory agent capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier.

Integrated Analysis of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs Expression Profile in Human Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. However, current treatment options are not ideal.

Methods: In this study, mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs expression profiles in four pairs of HCT116 and FHC cells were detected by microarray technology.

Comparative analysis of morphologival parameters in isolated and fused L5 spondylolysis patients on the basis of CT features.

Background And Objective: The classification of lumbar spondylolysis varies, and there is currently no clear consensus on a standardized system. This study examines the morphological characteristics and parameter differences of the L5 vertebra in patients with isolated versus fused spondylolysis using CT measurements. It also proposes a preliminary classification system based on the separation distance at the fracture site and explores its clinical significance.

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles from Antler Blastema Progenitor Cells: A Therapeutic Choice for Spinal Cord Injury.

Deer antler blastema progenitor cells (ABPCs) are promising for regenerative medicine due to their role in annual antler regeneration, the only case of complete organ regeneration in mammals. ABPC-derived signals show great potential for promoting regeneration in tissues with limited natural regenerative ability. Our findings demonstrate the capability of extracellular vesicles from ABPCs (EVs) to repair spinal cord injury (SCI), a condition with low regenerative capacity.

Inhibition of the Integrated Stress Response Prevents Natural Forgetting and Corrects Accelerated Forgetting Associated with Epilepsy.

The neural mechanisms underlying the natural and maladaptive forgetting of established memory remain largely unknown. Brain disease states might hijack the physiological forgetting mechanisms, resulting in maladaptive forgetting such as accelerated forgetting that contributes to cognitive decline in various neurologic conditions including epilepsy. Based on the key role of the integrated stress response (ISR) in memory storage and maintenance, we determined whether the ISR underpins natural and accelerated forgetting.

Quantitative proteomics analysis reveals the pathogenesis of obstructed defecation syndrome caused by abnormal expression of dystrophin.

Background: Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) represents the most prevalent form of chronic constipation, affecting a diverse patient population, leading to numerous complications, and imposing a significant burden on healthcare resources. Most ODS patients have insufficient rectal propulsion, but the exact mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ODS remains unclear.

Aim: To explore the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of ODS.

A new pathway for ferroptosis regulation: The PRMTs.

Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play an essential role in the regulation of ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death characterized by abnormal iron ion metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. Through methylation, PRMTs modify specific proteins, thereby altering their activity, localizations, or interactions with other molecules to control the ferroptosis process. This study was conducted to provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between PRMTs and ferroptosis, with a focus on the mechanisms by which PRMTs regulate ferroptosis and their effect on this cell death pathway.

Daily dosing frequency as a determinant of clozapine concentration-to-dose ratio: Data from a therapeutic drug monitoring service (2019-2022).

Background And Aims: Daily dosing frequency is an important factor influencing the plasma concentration of clozapine. This study investigated pharmacokinetic parameters in different daily dosing frequency regimens of clozapine in a naturalistic therapeutic drug monitoring sample to establish the necessary clozapine dosage to achieve plasma levels of 350-600 ng/mL in the Chinese population.

Study Design: A single-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Xi'an Mental Health Center in China, where data on clozapine-treated patients between 2019 and 2022 were collected.

Pedunculoside alleviates cognitive deficits and neuronal cell apoptosis by activating the AMPK signaling cascade.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction emerges as an early pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are pivotal in the initiation of neuronal cell apoptosis. Pedunculoside(Ped), a novel triterpene saponin derived from the dried barks of Ilex rotunda Thunb, exhibits a potent anti-inflammatory effect.

Response of leaf anatomical structure of to climate warming and provenance variation.

Exploring the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming is helpful for understanding the adaptive mechanisms of trees to climate change. We conducted a warming experiment by transplanting seedlings of from 11 provenances to two common gardens, and examined the response of leaf anatomical structure to climate warming. The results showed that warming significantly increased leaf thickness (T), upper epidermal mesophyll thickness (T), lower epidermal mesophyll thickness (T), endodermal thickness (T), vascular bundle diameter (D), transfer tissue thickness (T), and the percentage of mesophyll thickness to T(P), and significantly decreased the upper epidermal thickness (T) and the percentage of epidermal thickness to T (P).

Starch Cross-Linked Glass Fibers for Water Evaporation-Induced Electricity Generation.

Water evaporation-induced electricity devices (WEDs) have become extremely attractive, converting ambient heat into electricity while being environmentally friendly. However, most current WEDs are costly and cumbersome to fabricate, which greatly limits their commercialization process. Here, we present WEDs based on starch cross-linked with glass fiber filter paper (Starch-GF).

Exosome-transmitted circ_0004664 suppresses the migration and invasion of cadmium-transformed human bronchial epithelial cells by regulating PTEN expression via miR-942-5p.

Exosomes play a crucial role in regulating extracellular communication between normal and cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment, thereby affecting tumor progression through their cargo molecules. However, the specific impact of exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) on the development of cadmium-induced carcinogenesis remains unclear. To address this, we investigated whether exosomes derived from normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B (N-B2B) cells could transmit circRNA to cadmium-transformed BEAS-2B (Cd-B2B) cells and the potential effects on Cd-B2B cells.

Musical timbre style transfer with diffusion model.

In this work, we focus on solving the problem of timbre transfer in audio samples. The goal is to transfer the source audio's timbre from one instrument to another while retaining as much of the other musical elements as possible, including loudness, pitch, and melody. While image-to-image style transfer has been used for timbre and style transfer in music recording, the current state of the findings is unsatisfactory.

N-methyladenosine facilitates arsenic-induced neoplastic phenotypes of human bronchial epithelial cells by promoting miR-106b-5p maturation.

Arsenic is a widespread carcinogen and an important etiological factor for lung cancer. Dysregulated miRNAs have been implicated in arsenic carcinogenesis and the mechanisms of arsenic-induced dysregulated miRNAs have not been fully elucidated. N-methyladenosine (mA) modification is known to modulate pri-miRNA processing.

Phosphorus immobilization in sulfide-ferrous oxidation process driven by nitrate reduction during black-odorous sediment remediation.

During remediation of black-odorous sediment, the pathways of phosphorus immobilization require clarification alongside the oxidation of sulfide and ferrous. This study separated the oxidation stages of sulfide and ferrous through controlled sodium nitrate dosing ratios and methods, and analyzed the changes in phosphorus species and immobilization effects throughout these processes. Results showed that iron-bound phosphorus was the primary contributor to the phosphorus immobilization in the oxidation process, with increased 19% in ferrous oxidation stage and affected the transformation between phosphorus sources or sinks in the adsorption experiment.

Effectiveness and safety of coils plus glue in slope embankment technology versus coils plus sclerosant in embolization therapy for reflux-type pelvic venous disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of coils plus glue (CPG) in slope embankment technology vs coils plus sclerosant (CPS) in treating reflux-type pelvic venous disorders.

Methods: The analysis included patients diagnosed with reflux-type pelvic venous disorders who were treated with CPG or CPS from 2019 to 2021. The inclusion criteria were noncyclic pain lasting more than 6 months, atypical varicose, and transvaginal Doppler ultrasound (TVDUS) and computed tomographic venography confirming the diagnosis and excluding compression factors and other diseases.

Observation of 2 µm multiple annular structured vortex pulsed beams by cavity-mode tailoring.

In the past few years, annular structured beams have been extensively studied due to their unique "doughnut" structure and characteristics such as phase and polarization vortices. Especially in the 2 µm wavelength range, they have shown promising applications in fields such as novel laser communication, optical processing, and quantum information processing. In this Letter, we observed basis vector patterns with orthogonality and completeness by finely cavity-mode tailoring with end-mirror space position in a Tm:CaYAlO laser.

Risk Perception and Maternal Prenatal Depressive Symptoms in the Early Stage of COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Role of Negative Emotions and Family Sense of Coherence.

Background: Prenatal depression is associated with adverse health outcomes for both mothers and their children. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has presented new risks and challenges for expectant mothers. The aims of the study were to investigate the underlying mechanism between COVID-19 risk perception of Chinese pregnant women and their prenatal depressive symptoms and potential protective factors such as family sense of coherence (FSOC).

Saponins of for the Improvement of Acne: Anti-Inflammatory, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Effects.

Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a recurring nature that seriously impacts patients' quality of life. Currently, antibiotic resistance has made it less effective in treating acne. However, () is a valuable medicinal plant with a wide range of chemical components.