Focal Geometry and Characteristics of Erosion-Prone Coronary Plaques Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

This study compared focal geometry and characteristics of culprit plaque erosion (PE) vs. non-culprit plaques in ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in whom optical coherence tomography (OCT) identified PE as the cause of the acute event. Culprit PE is a distinct clinical entity with specific coronary risk factors and its own tailored management strategy.

Increased Vulnerability and Distinct Layered Phenotype at Culprit and Nonculprit Lesions in STEMI Versus NSTEMI.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the pancoronary plaque vulnerability (including culprit and nonculprit lesions) and layered phenotype in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs non-STEMI (NSTEMI).

Background: Pancoronary vulnerability should account for distinct clinical manifestations of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Layered plaque is indicative of previous coronary destabilization and thrombosis.

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus VP3 Protein Acts as a Critical Proinflammatory Factor by Promoting Toll-Like Receptor 4-Mediated Signaling.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in cloven-hoofed animals causes severe inflammatory symptoms, including blisters on the oral mucosa, hoof, and breast; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the inflammatory response is unclear. In this study, we provide the first evidence that the FMDV protein VP3 activates lipopolysaccharide-triggered Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. FMDV VP3 increased the expression of TLR4 by downregulating the expression of the lysozyme-related protein Rab7b.

Multifunctional TiCT MXene/Low-Density Polyethylene Soft Robots with Programmable Configuration for Amphibious Motions.

To diversify the motion modes of multifunctional soft robots capable of shape programming, we fabricate a biomimetic and programmable TiCT MXene/low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bilayer actuator by spraying an aqueous dispersion of MXenes onto a plasma-activated LDPE film, followed by optimal thermal regulations. Because of the eminent light absorption and photothermal/electrothermal features of MXenes and the extremely mismatched thermal expansion coefficients between the two layers, the MXene/LDPE actuator can be sensitively driven by many stimuli of near-infrared light, electricity, and heat. The initial configuration of the bilayer actuator can be programmed by tuning the thermal regulation temperature, thereby assembling multiple actuation units to achieve biomimetic functions, such as artificial iris, mechanical arms, and flying birds.

African swine fever virus protein MGF-505-7R promotes virulence and pathogenesis by inhibiting JAK1- and JAK2-mediated signaling.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large DNA virus that is highly contagious and pathogenic in domestic pigs with a mortality rate up to 100%. However, how ASFV suppresses JAK-STAT1 signaling to evade the immune response remains unclear. In this study, we found that the ASFV-encoded protein MGF-505-7R inhibited proinflammatory IFN-γ-mediated JAK-STAT1 signaling.

Protein networks and starch nanocrystals jointly stabilizing liquid foams via pickering-type coverages and steric hindrance.

Liquid foams are crucial to many food systems, yet improving their lifetime remains challenging. In this study, stable foams were prepared by protein networks in association with starch nanocrystals (SNCs). The protein networks were structured by simultaneous folding of hydrophobic rice proteins (RPs) and hydrophilic pea proteins (PPs) due to anti-solvent precipitation from an alkaline solution, forming amphiphilic binary nanostructures (RP-PPs) to facilitate foaming.

VX-765 ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis in diabetes by regulating caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis and inflammation.

Introduction: As a lytic inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis has been recently described but has not been unequivocally elucidated in diabetic nephropathy (DN). VX-765 is a safe and effective inhibitor of caspase-1, that was well tolerated in a phase II clinical trial in patients with epilepsy, but its application in DN is still undefined.

Materials And Methods: Immunoblot, co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscope and flow cytometry were used to analyze the effects of glucose on pyroptosis in renal tubular epithelia (HK-2).

Ligand-binding properties of odorant-binding protein 6 in Athetis lepigone to sex pheromones and maize volatiles.

Background: Athetis lepigone, a noctuid moth feeding on more than 30 different crops worldwide, has evolved a sophisticated, sensitive, and specific chemosensory system to detect and discriminate exogenous chemicals. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are the most important agent in insect chemosensory systems to be explored as an alternative target for environmentally friendly approaches to pest management.

Results: To investigate the olfactory function of A.

A novel attention-guided convolutional network for the detection of abnormal cervical cells in cervical cancer screening.

Early detection of abnormal cervical cells in cervical cancer screening increases the chances of timely treatment. But manual detection requires experienced pathologists and is time-consuming and error prone. Previously, some methods have been proposed for automated abnormal cervical cell detection, whose performance yet remained debatable.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 modulates neuronal excitability by interacting with NaV1.9.

Human NaV1.9 (hNaV1.9), encoded by SCN11A, is preferentially expressed in nociceptors, and its mutations have been linked to pain disorders.

Baicalin ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation in rats by modulating HDAC2/NF-κB/PAI-1 signalling.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease distinguished by airway remodelling and progressive inflammation. PAI-1 is an important regulator of fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that PAI-1 seems to be involved in COPD progression.

Quantized Synchronization Control of Networked Nonlinear Systems: Dynamic Quantizer Design With Event-Triggered Mechanism.

This article investigates the quantized control issue for synchronizing a networked nonlinear system. Due to limited energy and channel resources, the event-triggered control (ETC) method and input quantization are simultaneously taken into account in this article. First, a dynamic quantizer, which discretely adjusts its parameters online and possesses a finite quantization range, is introduced to achieve exact synchronization, rather than quasisynchronization.

A rice LRR receptor-like protein associates with its adaptor kinase OsSOBIR1 to mediate plant immunity against viral infection.

Plants sense pathogen attacks using a variety of receptors at the cell surface. The LRR receptor-like proteins (RLP) and receptor-like kinases (RLK) are widely reported to participate in plant defence against bacterial and fungal pathogen invasion. However, the role of RLP and RLK in plant antiviral defence has rarely been reported.

Corrigendum: Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Reduces Cognitive Deficits and Alleviates Neuropathology in P301S Tau Transgenic Mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.

Large-Scale Oligonucleotide Synthesis for Whole-Genome Synthesis and Data Storage: Challenges and Opportunities.

Over the past decades, remarkable progress on phosphoramidite chemistry-based large-scale oligonucleotide synthesis has been achieved, enabling numerous novel and exciting applications. Among them, genome synthesis and DNA data storage are striking. However, to make these two applications more practical, the synthesis length, speed, cost, and throughput require vast improvements, which is a challenge to be met by the phosphoramidite chemistry.

Reductive C-N Coupling of Nitroarenes: Heterogenization of MoO Catalyst by Confinement in Silica.

The construction of C-N bonds with nitroaromatics and boronic acids using highly efficient and recyclable catalysts remains a challenge. In this study, nanoporous MoO confined in silica serves as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for C-N cross-coupling of nitroaromatics with aryl or alkyl boronic acids to deliver N-arylamines and with desirable multiple reusability. Experimental results suggest that silica not only heterogenizes the Mo species in the confined mesoporous microenvironment but also significantly reduces the reaction induction period and regulates the chemical efficiency of the targeted product.

Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts of Specifically Coordinated Configurations toward Typical Electrochemical Redox Reactions.

Metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) material with specifically coordinated configurations is a promising alternative to costly Pt-based catalysts. In the past few years, great progress is made in the studies of M-N-C materials, including the structure modulation and local coordination environment identification via advanced synthetic strategies and characterization techniques, which boost the electrocatalytic performances and deepen the understanding of the underlying fundamentals. In this review, the most recent advances of M-N-C catalysts with specifically coordinated configurations of M-N (x = 1-6) are summarized as comprehensively as possible, with an emphasis on the synthetic strategy, characterization techniques, and applications in typical electrocatalytic reactions of the oxygen reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, CO reduction reaction, etc.

Activity and Mechanism of Action of Antifungal Peptides from Microorganisms: A Review.

Harmful fungi in nature not only cause diseases in plants, but also fungal infection and poisoning when people and animals eat food derived from crops contaminated with them. Unfortunately, such fungi are becoming increasingly more resistant to traditional synthetic antifungal drugs, which can make prevention and control work increasingly more difficult to achieve. This means they are potentially very harmful to human health and lifestyle.

Direct Ink Writing of Highly Conductive MXene Frames for Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Electromagnetic Wave-Induced Thermochromism.

3D printing of MXene frames with tunable electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency is demonstrated. Highly conductive MXene frames are reinforced by cross-linking with aluminum ions. Electromagnetic wave is visualized by electromagnetic-thermochromic MXene patterns.

Gout of feet and ankles in different disease durations: diagnostic value of single-source DECT and evaluation of urate deposition with a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system.

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic performance of single-source dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) based on gemstone spectral imaging technology (including Discovery CT750HD and Revolution CT) in patients with suspected feet/ankles gouty arthritis, and evaluate the urate deposition with a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system.

Methods: A total of 196 patients were consecutively included. Feet and ankles were evaluated in all patients by single-source DECT scan.

Predicting Mental Health Problems with Automatic Identification of Metaphors.

Mental health problems are prevalent and an important issue in medicine. However, clinical diagnosis of mental health problems is costly, time-consuming, and often significantly delayed, which highlights the need for novel methods to identify them. Previous psycholinguistic and psychiatry research has suggested that the use of metaphors in texts is linked to the mental health status of the authors.

Small-molecule inhibition of APE1 induces apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) plays a critical role in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which is responsible for the excision of apurinic sites (AP sites). In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), APE1 is highly expressed and associated with poor patient prognosis. The suppression of APE1 could lead to the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage in cells.

IBSP, a potential recurrence biomarker, promotes the progression of colorectal cancer via Fyn/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequently occurring digestive system cancer and postoperative tumor metastasis and recurrence are the main reasons for the failure of CRC treatment. The aim of this study was to identifying and validating key genes associated with metastatic recurrence of CRC. RNA expression of three datasets (GSE17538, GSE32323, and GSE29623) was used for biomarker discovery.

Controllable Cu -Cu Sites for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide.

Cu-based electrocatalysts facilitate CO electrochemical reduction (CO ER) to produce multi-carbon products. However, the roles of Cu and Cu and the mechanistic understanding remain elusive. This paper describes the controllable construction of Cu -Cu sites derived from the well-dispersed cupric oxide particles supported on copper phyllosilicate lamella to enhance CO ER performance.

Visible-Light-Responsive Nanofibrous α-FeO Integrated FeOx Cluster-Templated Siliceous Microsheets for Rapid Catalytic Phenol Removal and Enhanced Antibacterial Activity.

Visible-light-driven environmental contaminants control using 2D photocatalytic nanomaterials with an unconfined reaction-diffusion path is advantageous for public health. Here, cost-effective siliceous composite microsheets (FeSiO-MS) combined with two distinct refined α-FeO nanospecies as photofunctional catalysts were constructed via a one-pot synthesis approach. Through precise control of Fe precursor addition, specially configured α-FeO nanofibers combined with FeOx cluster-functionalized siliceous microsheets of ∼15 nm gradually evolved from the iron oxide-bearing molecular sieve, endowing a superior light-response characteristic of the formed nanocomposite.