Genes related to heat tolerance in cattle-a review.

Heat stress is described as the cumulative detrimental effect caused by an imbalance between heat production within the body and heat dissipation. When cattle are exposed to heat stress with skin surface temperatures exceeding 35°C, gene networks within and across cells respond to environmental heat loads with both intra and extracellular signals that coordinate cellular and whole-animal metabolism changes to store heat and rapidly increase evaporative heat loss. In this study, we examined evidence from genes known to be associated with heat tolerance ().

introgression from banteng into indigenous Chinese cattle.

Historical hybridization between southern indigenous Chinese cattle and banteng has been well-documented and has resulted in gene introgression. Bitter taste receptors were reported in indigenous cattle as a result of introgression from banteng. To determine the level of introgression of the taste 2 receptor member 16 () gene from banteng into Chinese cattle, two missense mutations in the bovine gene were examined.

Genetic diversity and relationships of Chinese donkeys using microsatellite markers.

Donkeys are one important livestock in China because of their nourishment and medical values. To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Chinese donkey breeds, a panel of 25 fluorescently labeled microsatellite markers was applied to genotype 504 animals from 12 Chinese donkey breeds. A total of 226 alleles were detected, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.

A Missense Mutation of the Gene Associated with Heat Tolerance in Chinese Indicine Cattle.

The small heat shock proteins (HSPB) are expressed in response to heat stress, and the heat shock protein family B (small) member 7 () gene has been reported to play an important role in heat tolerance pathways. Only a missense mutation (NC_037329.1: g.

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Structure of Guanzhong Horse Using Microsatellite Markers.

To determine the genetic diversity and validate the pedigree record of Chinese Guanzhong horse, 67 individuals were genotyped with eight microsatellite markers. In our study, the mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.51 and 0.