Comprehensive geriatric assessment guided radiotherapy in elderly patients with locally advanced rectal cancer-exploratory results on nonoperative cohort of a multicenter prospective study.

Background: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the main treatment for elderly patients with non-metastatic rectal cancer who are ineligible for or decline surgery, but the optimal modality remains unclear.

Objectives: This study was to validate the safety and efficacy of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) guided radiotherapy in older patients.

Design: An exploratory analysis of a single-arm, multicenter, Phase II trial.

Prognostic and Predictive Value of a Modified Diagnostic Biopsy-Adapted Immunoscore in Patients with Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Treatment: A Translational Study From the STELLAR Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of the modified diagnostic biopsy-adapted immunoscore (mIS) in determining the outcomes for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) in a neoadjuvant setting.

Methods And Materials: We included 181 patients with LARC from a single subcenter of a prospective study comparing total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) based on short-course radiation therapy with long-term chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Tumor biopsies at baseline were stained for CD8+ and CD3+ T-cell densities.

Optical Surface-guided Radiation Therapy for Upper and Lower Limb Sarcomas: An Analysis of Setup Errors and Clinical Target Volume-To-Planning Target Volume Margins.

Purpose: To assess the clinical benefits of surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) in terms of setup error, positioning time, and clinical target volume-to-planning target volume (CTV-PTV) margin in extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS).

Methods And Materials: Fifty consecutive patients treated with radiation therapy were selected retrospectively. Treatment setup was performed with either laser-based imaging only (control group), or with laser-based and daily optical surface-based imaging (SGRT group).

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy in older patients with rectal cancer guided by comprehensive geriatric assessment within a multidisciplinary team-a multicenter phase II trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (preCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer in older people who were classified as "fit" by comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA).

Methods: A single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial was designed. Patients were eligible for this study if they were aged 70 years or above and met the standards of "fit" (SIOG1) as evaluated by CGA and of the locally advanced risk category.

Disparities in mortality risk after diagnosis of hematological malignancies in 185 countries: A global data analysis.

This study was to report proxy measures for mortality risk in patients with hematological malignancies across 185 countries globally and explore its association with their socioeconomic status and treatment. The incidence, mortality, and 5-year prevalence data were extracted from the GLOBOCAN database. The data regarding the human development index (HDI), gross national income (GNI), vulnerability index, and concordance with cancer Essential Medicines List (EML) were obtained from open-source reports.

Treatment outcome, toxicity, and quality of life of patients with bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.

The disease failure patterns and optimal treatment of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) lymphoma are unknown. This retrospective study involved 71 patients with primary BALT lymphoma who had received radiotherapy (RT), surgery, immunochemotherapy (IC), or observation. The median follow-up time was 66 months.

Optimizing the prognostic capacity of baseline F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma by using relative and absolute thresholds.

Objectives: To investigate the prognostic capacity of baseline F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) metabolic parameters in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL), and the influence of relative thresholds (RT) and absolute thresholds (AT) selection on prognostic capacity.

Materials And Methods: Metabolic tumor volume (MTV)-based parameters were defined using RTs (41 % or 25 % of maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]), ATs (SUV 2.5, 3.

Prediction of 5-year overall survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma on the pola-R-CHP regimen based on 2-year event-free survival and progression-free survival.

This study aimed to predict the 5-year overall survival (OS) benefit of pola-R-CHP versus R-CHOP in the POLARIX trial based on the 2-year event-free survival (EFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) published before 31 May 2023. The correlation between the logarithmic (log) hazard ratio (HR) for EFS (HR) or PFS (HR) and the HR for OS (HR) was estimated at the trial-level.

Decreased lymphoma-related deaths and improved long-term relative survival with radiotherapy for early-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era.

Background: We aimed to investigate the incidence of lymphoma-related death (LRD) and the long-term net survival benefit of radiotherapy (RT) for early-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the rituximab era.

Methods: 10,841 adults diagnosed with early-stage DLBCL between 2002-2015 were retrospectively analyzed using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Primary therapy was categorized into combined-modality treatment (CMT, n = 3,631) and chemotherapy alone (n = 7,210).

Voluntary Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold (VDIBH) Whole-Breast Irradiation Assisted by Optical Surface Monitoring System (OSMS) in Patients With Left-Sided Breast Cancer: A Prospective Phase II Study.

To investigate the dosimetric advantages of the voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold technique assisted by optical surface monitoring system for whole breast irradiation in left breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery and verify the reproducibility and acceptability of this technique. Twenty patients with left breast cancer receiving whole breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery were enrolled in this prospective phase II study. Computed tomography simulation was performed during both free breathing and voluntary deep inspiration breath-hold for all patients.

Dynamic changes of phenotype and function of natural killer cells in peripheral blood before and after thermal ablation of hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma and their correlation with tumor recurrence.

Background: Thermal therapy induces an immune response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the dynamic characteristics of the natural killer (NK) cell immune response post-thermal ablation remain unclear. We conducted a prospective longitudinal cohort study to observe the dynamic changes of phenotype and function of NK cells in peripheral blood before and after thermal ablation of hepatitis B-associated HCC and their correlation with tumor recurrence.

Methods: Fifty-six patients clinically and pathologically confirmed with hepatitis B-associated HCC were selected for thermal ablation.

Comparison of NK cell subsets, receptors and functions induced by radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in HBV-associated primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Topical therapy has been shown to induce an immune response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a prospective parallel group control experiment was conducted to compare the differences between radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation in inducing the immune regulation of NK cells.

Methods: Sixty patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed hepatitis B-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were selected for thermal ablation.

Dose-Volume Predictors for Radiation Esophagitis in Patients With Breast Cancer Undergoing Hypofractionated Regional Nodal Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Our objective was to assess the incidence and dose-volume predictors of radiation esophagitis (RE) in patients with breast cancer undergoing hypofractionated regional nodal irradiation.

Methods And Materials: Eligible patients who received intensity modulated radiation therapy (RT) at the chest wall, the supraclavicular/infraclavicular fossa, level II axilla, and/or the internal mammary chain after mastectomy were included. The prescribed dose was 43.

The prognostic value of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, programmed cell death protein-1 and programmed cell death ligand-1 in Stage I-III triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent a robust biological prognostic biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, the contribution of different subsets of immune cells is unclear. We investigated the prognostic value of immune markers, including stromal TILs (sTILs), CD8T and FOPX3T cells, PD-1 and PD-L1 in non-metastatic TNBC.

Methods: In total, 259 patients with Stage I-III TNBC were reviewed.

Assessment of delivered dose in prostate cancer patients treated with ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy on 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac.

Objective: To quantitatively characterize the dosimetric effects of long on-couch time in prostate cancer patients treated with adaptive ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy (UHF-RT) on 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance (MR)-linac.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen patients consecutively treated with UHF-RT on a 1.

Risk stratification and prognostic value of multi-modal MRI-based radiomics for extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performs well in the locoregional assessment of extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL). It's important to assess the value of multi-modal MRI-based radiomics for estimating overall survival (OS) in patients with ENKTCL.

Methods: Patients with ENKTCL in a prospectively cohort were systemically reviewed and all the pretreatment MRI were acquisitioned.

Risk factors to identify the indication for regional nodal irradiation in T1-2N1M0 breast cancer: A joint analysis of 4,243 real-world cases from two institutions.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of regional nodal irradiation (RNI) in patients with T1-2N1M0 breast cancer and to identify the subgroup that could benefit from RNI.

Methods And Materials: A total of 4,243 women with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer treated at two institutions in China were retrospectively reviewed. Survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test.

Prediction of adaptive strategies based on deformation vector field features for MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy of prostate cancer.

Background: The selection of adaptive strategies in MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART) usually relies on subjective review of anatomical changes. However, this kind of review may lead to improper selection of adaptive strategy for some fractions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop prediction models based on deformation vector field (DVF) features for automatic and accurate strategy selection, using prostate cancer as an example.

Predicting pathological complete response of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and targeted therapy for soft tissue sarcoma by whole-tumor texture analysis of multisequence MRI imaging.

Objectives: To construct effective prediction models for neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and targeted therapy based on whole-tumor texture analysis of multisequence MRI for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients.

Methods: Thirty patients with STS of the extremities or trunk from a prospective phase II trial were enrolled for this analysis. All patients underwent pre- and post-neoadjuvant RT MRI examinations from which whole-tumor texture features were extracted, including T-weighted with fat saturation and contrast enhancement (TFSGd), T-weighted with fat saturation (TFS), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences and their corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps.

The safety of an MRI simulation-guided boost after short-course preoperative radiotherapy for unresectable rectal cancer (SUNRISE): interim analysis of a randomized phase II trial.

Purpose: The safety of an MRI simulation-guided boost after short-course preoperative radiotherapy (SCPRT) for unresectable rectal cancer is assessed with a planned interim analysis.

Methods And Materials: Patients diagnosed with clinical stage T3-4 or regional lymph node-positive disease with positive mesorectal fascia or T4b disease evaluated by pelvic MRI were randomly assigned to the SCPRT-boost group (25 Gy in 5 fractions plus 4 Gy delivered to the gross tumor volume, followed by four cycles of chemotherapy) or preoperative chemoradiotherapy group (50 Gy in 25 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy). Then, patients received total mesorectal excision surgery after preoperative treatment.