CPCGI Alleviates Neural Damage by Modulating Microglial Pyroptosis After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global cause of mortality and long-term disability, with limited therapeutic options. Microglial pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death associated with inflammation, has been implicated in exacerbating neuroinflammation and secondary injury following TBI. Compound porcine cerebroside ganglioside injection (CPCGI) has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its effects on pyroptosis remain unexplored.

The pharmacogenomic landscape in the Chinese: An analytics of pharmacogenetic variants in 206,640 individuals.

Pharmacogenomic landscapes and related databases are important for identifying the biomarkers of drug response and toxicity. However, these data are still lacking for the Chinese population. In this study, we constructed a pharmacogenomic landscape and an associated database using whole-genome sequencing data generated by non-invasive prenatal testing in 206,640 Chinese individuals.

3-HKA Promotes Vascular Remodeling After Stroke by Modulating the Activation of A1/A2 Reactive Astrocytes.

Ischemic stroke is the most common cerebrovascular disease and the leading cause of permanent disability worldwide. Recent studies have shown that stroke development and prognosis are closely related to abnormal tryptophan metabolism. Here, significant downregulation of 3-hydroxy-kynurenamine (3-HKA) in stroke patients and animal models is identified.

Identification of SARS-CoV-2 m6A modification sites correlate with viral pathogenicity.

It has recently been found that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) m6A modifications can affect viral replication and function. However, no studies to date have shown a correlation between SARS-CoV-2 m6A modifications and viral pathogenicity. In this study, we analyzed m6A modification in 2,190,667 SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNAs.

Correlation between neutrophil gelatinase phase lipocalin and cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is common in the elderly population. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. NGAL causes pathological changes, such as damage to the vascular endothelium, by causing inflammation, which results in other related diseases.

MAN5, a Glycosyl Hydrolase Superfamily Protein, Is a Key Factor Involved in Cyanide-Promoted Seed Germination in .

Seed germination is the complex adaptive trait of higher plants influenced by a large number of genes and environmental factors. Numerous studies have been performed to better understand how germination is controlled by various environmental factors and applied chemicals, such as cyanide. However, still very little is known about the molecular mechanisms of how extrinsic signals regulate seed germination.

CircRNAs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy: Perspectives from innate and adaptive immunity.

Tumor immunotherapy is a new therapeutic approach that has been evolving in the last decade and has dramatically changed the treatment options for cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with high stability, tissue-specific and cell-specific expression. There is growing evidence that circRNAs are involved in the regulation of both adaptive and innate immunity.

The role of cyanoalanine synthase and alternative oxidase in promoting salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background: Cyanide is a toxic chemical that inhibits cellular respiration. In plants, cyanide can be produced by themselves, especially under stressful conditions. Cyanoalanine synthase (CAS) is a key enzyme involved in plant cyanide detoxification.

A two-stage genome-wide association study identifies novel germline genetic variations in CACNA2D3 associated with radiotherapy response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is the standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, due to individual differences in radiosensitivity, biomarkers are needed to tailored radiotherapy to cancer patients. However, comprehensive genome-wide radiogenomic studies on them are still lacking.

Genetic analysis of the ATP11B gene in Chinese Han population with cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: A loss-of-function mutation in ATPase phospholipid transporting 11-B (putative) (ATP11B) gene causing cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) in vivo, and a single intronic nucleotide polymorphism in ATP11B: rs148771930 that was associated with white matter hyperintensities burden in European patients with SVD, was recently identified. Our results suggest that ATP11B may not play an essential role in SVD in the Chinese population.

Results: We performed target region sequencing including ATP11B gene in 182 patients with sporadic SVD, and identified five rare variants and two novel variants of ATP11B.

expanded GGC repeats in patients with cerebral small vessel disease.

Objective: GGC repeat expansions in the human-specific gene have been reported as the cause of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID). Given the clinical overlap of cognitive impairment in NIID and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), both diseases have white matter hyperintensity on T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences of brain MRI, and white matter hyperintensity is a primary neuroimaging marker of CSVD on MRI. Therefore, we hypothesised that the GGC repeat expansions might also contribute to CSVD.

A two-stage genome-wide association study to identify novel genetic loci associated with acute radiotherapy toxicity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Genetic variants associated with acute side effects of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain largely unknown.

Methods: We performed a two-stage genome-wide association analysis including a total of 1084 patients, where 319 individuals in the discovery stage were genotyped for 688,783 SNPs using whole genome-wide screening microarray. Significant variants were then validated in an independent cohort of 765 patients using the MassARRAY system.

Long-term effects of early stress due to earthquake exposure on depression symptoms in adulthood: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the long-term effects of early stress by Tangshan earthquake on symptoms of depression in adulthood.

Method: A total of 1534 volunteers born and raised in Tangshan were investigated; finally, 1328 subjects were enrolled in the study. They were divided into three groups according to their birth dates: infant exposure, prenatal exposure, and non-exposure.

Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Oxypeucedanin in Rats after Single Intravenous and Oral Administration.

Oxypeucedanin, a furanocoumarin extracted from many traditional Chinese herbal medicines, has a variety of pharmacological effects. However, the independent pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability of this compound remains elusive. In this study, a rapid, sensitive, and selective method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) was developed for evaluating the intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of oxypeucedanin.

New insights into the role of cyanide in the promotion of seed germination in tomato.

Background: Cyanide is a natural metabolite that exists widely in plants, and it is speculated to be involved in the regulation of various growth and development processes of plants in addition to being regarded as toxic waste. Previous studies have shown that exogenous cyanide treatment helps to improve seed germination, but the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv.

Magnetic -Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ Heterostructure Nanorods: Fabrication and Cytotoxicity to A549 Cells.

The magnetic -Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ heterostructure nanorods were fabricated by an alcohol-solution direct combustion method. The influence of the calcination temperature on the composition and properties of the nanorods was investigated. When the calcination temperature was not greater than 400 °C, the magnetic -Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ heterostructure nanorods were obtained, and the saturation magnetization (Ms) of the magnetic -Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ heterostructure nanorods decreased with the calcination temperature increasing from 250 °C to 400 °C; when the calcination temperature was equal or greater than 450 °C, -Fe2O3 nanorods were obtained.

Complex analysis of the personalized pharmacotherapy in the management of COVID-19 patients and suggestions for applications of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine attitude.

Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly spreading worldwide. Drug therapy is one of the major treatments, but contradictory results of clinical trials have been reported among different individuals. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis of personalized pharmacotherapy is still lacking.

Alternative Oxidase Inhibition Impairs Tobacco Root Development and Root Hair Formation.

Alternative oxidase (AOX) is the terminal oxidase of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain in plant cells and is critical for the balance of mitochondrial hemostasis. In this study, the effect of inhibition of AOX with different concentrations of salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) on the tobacco root development was investigated. We show here that AOX inhibition significantly impaired the development of the main root and root hair formation of tobacco.

Prevalence and risks of mild cognitive impairment of Chinese community-dwelling women aged above 60 years: A cross-sectional study.

Evidence has shown that risks of cognitive impairment differ between genders. This cross-sectional study sought to determine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Chinese community-dwelling women aged above 60 years and identify risks of MCI by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Totally, 1760 Chinese community-dwelling women entered the study.

Effects of shift work on sleep and cognitive function among male miners.

Shift work is associated with circadian rhythm disruption that manifests in several aspects related to sleep disorder, including trouble falling asleep, shortened sleep, and daytime fatigue. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of shift work on sleep and cognitive function in the middle-aged male miners in Kailuan Mining Group. From May 2013 to May 2015, male miners were recruited and enrolled in prospective study.

Experiencing earthquake in the first trimester of the fetal life increases subsequent diabetes risk in the adulthood: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the long-term effect of prenatal exposure to earthquake stress on diabetes risk in the adulthood.

Methods: This study included employees of Tangshan Kailuan Mining Group between July 29, 1976 and April 28, 1977. The exposure group included subjects who experienced the Tangshan Earthquake during their prenatal period and who had lived in Tangshan since birth.

Perinatal exposure to earthquake stress increases the risks of hypertension and diabetes in subsequent adult life: A cross-sectional study.

The objective of the current study was to determine whether exposure to earthquake stress during pregnancy and infancy impacted on the risk of chronic adult health problems. All subjects were divided into three groups: the infant exposure group, the fetus exposure group, and the non-exposure group. All subjects completed a standardized interview that included questions on demographic information, traumatic experiences during the earthquake, Anthropomorphic parameters such as body height, weight, and blood pressure were measured.