Structural identification and combination mechanism of iron (II)-chelating Atlantic salmon ( L.) skin active peptides.

In order to utilize salmon skin for high value, and investigate the structural identification and combination mechanism of iron (II)-chelating peptides systemically, Atlantic salmon () skin, a by-product of Atlantic salmon processing, was treated by two-step enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain salmon skin active peptides (SSAP). Then they reacted with iron (II) to obtain iron (II)-chelating salmon skin active peptides (SSAP-Fe) with a high iron (II) chelating ability of 98.84%.

Preparation, characterization, identification, and antioxidant properties of fermented acaí ().

Fermentation technology was used to prepare the acaí () fermentation liquid. The optimal fermentation parameters included a strain ratio of : :  = 0.5:1:1.

[Rapid evaluation of primary nutrients during plant-field chicken manure composting using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy].

The present study explored the efficiency of quantitative analysis for the contents of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) during chicken manure composting with chrysanthemum residue in a plant field using a Thermo Nicolet Antaris near-infrared reflectance spectral apparatus equipped with InGaAs detectors (Thermo Nicolet Corporation, Chicago, USA). The samples used in this study were collected from different positions during composting and were scanned in polyethylene bags at 2 cm(-1) interval from 10 000 to 4 000 cm(-1) with 32 co-added scans. Regression models were developed using spectral data and reference data by partial least square (PLS).

Molecular cloning and differential expression patterns of the regulatory subunit B' gene of PP2A in goldfish, Carassius auratus.

It is well established that the protein serine/threonine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays very important roles in many different cellular processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, gene expression, neurotransmission, apoptosis, and aging. PP2A consists of three heterogenic subunits: the scaffold subunit A, the catalytic subunit C, and the regulatory subunit B. While both the scaffold and the catalytic subunits contain only two forms, at least four families of the regulatory subunits, B, B', B'', and B''' have been identified.

[Statistical comparison of independent validation results for near infrared spectroscopy models predicting calorific value of straw].

Two hundred and twenty-two straw samples, consisting of 170 rice straw samples and 50 wheat straw samples, were collected from 24 provinces of China. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)was applied to build quantitative models for calorific value of straw combining the use of principal component regression (PCR), partial least square regression (PLS)and modified partial least square regression (MPLS). Different scatter correction methods and derivative treatments were adopted to help improve the accuracy of NIRS models.

[Proximate analysis of straw by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)].

Proximate analysis is one of the routine analysis procedures in utilization of straw for biomass energy use. The present paper studied the applicability of rapid proximate analysis of straw by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology, in which the authors constructed the first NIRS models to predict volatile matter and fixed carbon contents of straw. NIRS models were developed using Foss 6500 spectrometer with spectra in the range of 1,108-2,492 nm to predict the contents of moisture, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon in the directly cut straw samples; to predict ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon in the dried milled straw samples.

[Methods of analyzing soybean meal adulteration in fish meal based on visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy].

The present study investigated the feasibility of visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) method for the detection of fish meal adulteration with vegetable meal. Here the authors collected fish meal and soybean meal (representative vegetable meal) which were common used in our country. Fish meal was adulterated with different proportion of soybean meal and then the doping test samples were prepared.

[NIRS method for determination of meat and bone meal content in ruminant concentrates].

Feed contaminated with MBM is commonly accepted as the main transmission carrier of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). To prevent BSE many countries have banned MBM as a feed ingredient. In the People's Republic of China, the ban was first applied to ruminant feed.

[Discriminant analysis of near infrared diffuse reflectance spectra to detect adulteration of non-ruminant meat and bone meal].

In order to study the feasibility of using near infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to discriminate adultera tion of non-ruminant meat and bone meal (MBM) with ruminant MBM, a total of 39 MBM samples made up of 15 from pig, 15 from poultry, 5 from cattle and 4 from sheep produced in different areas in China were chosen. The MBM samples were ground with 0. 5 mm sieve.

[Rapidly determination of compositions of animal manure compost using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy].

Composting is a process of aerobic thermophilic microbial degradation or an exothermic biological oxidation of various wastes by many populations of the indigenous microorganisms, which lead to a stabilized, mature, deodorized and hygienic product, free of pathogens and plant seeds, rich in humic substances, less volume, easy to store and marketable as organic amendment or fertilizer. Compared to the conventional wet chemical method, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), a rapid, nondestructive, cost-effective technique, has been extensively used for qualitative and quantitative analysis in the field of agriculture. This study was to explore the capability of NIRS to analyze the compositions of Chinese animal manure compost.

Prediction of human skin permeability using artificial neural network (ANN) modeling.

Aim: To develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model for predicting skin permeability (log K(p)) of new chemical entities.

Methods: A large dataset of 215 experimental data points was compiled from the literature. The dataset was subdivided into 5 subsets and 4 of them were used to train and validate an ANN model.

[Feasibility of using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for the analysis of compositions of straw silage].

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations of chemical composition in 158 straw silage samples were developed by means of partial least-squares (PLS) regression. Results showed that the correlation coefficients of calibration (R2) were 0.95, 0.