Single-cell sequencing highlights heterogeneity and malignant progression in actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most frequent of the keratinocyte-derived malignancies with actinic keratosis (AK) as a precancerous lesion. To comprehensively delineate the underlying mechanisms for the whole progression from normal skin to AK to invasive cSCC, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to acquire the transcriptomes of 138,982 cells from 13 samples of six patients including AK, squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS), cSCC, and their matched normal tissues, covering comprehensive clinical courses of cSCC. We identified diverse cell types, including important subtypes with different gene expression profiles and functions in major keratinocytes.

[Preliminary study on mechanism of electroacupuncture with the involvement of SERCA2a/PLB on the synergistic and attenuated effect of aconitine in treatment of heart failure].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) with the involvement of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase2a (SERCA2a)/phospholamban (PLB) on the synergistic and attenuated effect of aconitine for heart failure.

Methods: Thirty SPF-ranked SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, an EA group, an aconitine group and an EA plus aconitine group, with 6 rats in each group. The rat model of acute heart failure was established by infusion of high-dose propranolol hydrochloride solution into the right femoral vein.

[Characteristics of "" and myoelectricity in different tissue structures of acupoint].

Objective: To investigate the effect of acupuncture in different tissue structures on deqi and the electromyography of acupoint area.

Methods: Twenty healthy subjects, respectively accepted 4 kinds of needling stimulation, i.e.

Heparosan Chain Characterization: Sequential Depolymerization of E. Coli K5 Heparosan by a Bacterial Eliminase Heparin Lyase III and a Bacterial Hydrolase Heparanase Bp to Prepare Defined Oligomers.

Heparosan is a non-sulfated polysaccharide and potential applications include, chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparin and heparan sulfates. Heparosan is produced using microbial cells (natural producers or engineered cells). The characterization of heparosan isolated from both natural producers and engineered-cells are critical steps towards the potential applications of heparosan.

Antihypertensive and Antifibrosis Effects of Acupuncture at PC6 Acupoints in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and the Underlying Mechanisms.

Long-term hypertension can lead to both structural and functional impairments of the myocardium. Reversing left ventricular (LV) myocardial fibrosis has been considered as a key goal for curing chronic hypertension and has been a hot field of research in recent years. The aim of the present work is to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at PC6 on hypertension-induced myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).

Electroacupuncture ameliorates corticotrophin-releasing factor-induced jejunal dysmotility in a rat model of stress.

Background: Central injection of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) mimics the effect of stress on gastrointestinal (GI) responses, including inhibition of GI motility. This study was designed to explore the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on disordered jejunal motility in a rat model of stress induced by intracisternal (IC) injection of CRF.

Methods: A stress model was established by IC injection of CRF in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Effects of Three Needling Manipulations of Zusanli (ST 36) on Deqi Sensations and Surface Myoelectricity in Healthy Participants.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different acupuncture manipulations on Deqi sensations and surface myoelectricity, and explore the correlation between Deqi sensations and needling manipulations.

Methods: Forty-five healthy participants accepted twirling, lifting-thrusting, and twirling plus lifting-thrusting manipulanions at right Zusanli (ST 36), respectively. The acupuncturist's and participants' Deqi sensations were collected by MGH Acupuncture Sensation Scale (MASS).

[Relationship between acupuncture sensations of and different organizational structures of acupoint area].

Acupuncture sensation, as one of the essential signs of (arrival of ), is closely associated with curative effect. With systematically reviewing the literature regarding relationship between acupuncture sensations of and different organizational structures of acupoint area (skin, connective tissue, muscles, nerves and blood vessels), it is believed that acupuncture sensation of is the product of various organizational structures in acupoint area, which is closely related to the nervous system. The sensations sensed by the hands of acupuncturists, which is called sense of needle stagnation, maybe caused by the contraction of muscles in the acupoint area during the process of needle manipulation.

[Impact of different anesthetic states on acupuncture-mediated modulation of autonomic nervous system in animal studies].

Acupuncture therapy has a positive role in the prevention and treatment of some related diseases by regulating autonomic nervous function. But it has been found in experimental researches that the modulatory effects of acupuncture on autonomic nervous system are not always consistent with each other. Because in the animal studies on the mechanism of acupuncture intervention, the anesthetic agent has to be used and definitely affects the activities of the autonomic nervous system while playing its pharmacological effects.

[A Potential Role of Adenosine A 2 b Receptor in Mediating Acupuncture Pretreatment Induced Cardioprotection via Influencing Intracellular Calcium Regulator].

It has been shown that ischemia preconditioning (IPC) can attenuate the myocardial injury induced by ischemic and reperfusion. But it was rarely used in clinic due to its inoperability. Previous studies indicate that electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment can mimic myocardial ischemia preconditioning (MIPC) to produce cardioprotective effect.

Antihypertensive and Antihypertrophic Effects of Acupuncture at PC6 Acupoints in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and the Underlying Mechanisms.

The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at PC6 on the hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Thirty SHRs were randomized into model, SHR + EA, and SHR + Sham EA group with WKY rats as normal control. EA was applied once a day in 8 consecutive weeks.

Depolymerization of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate with a Modified Fenton-System and Anticoagulant Activity of the Resulting Fragments.

Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (fCS) from sea cucumber (fCS-) with a chondroitin sulfate type E (CSE) backbone and 2,4--sulfo fucose branches has shown excellent anticoagulant activity although has also show severe adverse effects. Depolymerization represents an effective method to diminish this polysaccharide's side effects. The present study reports a modified controlled Fenton system for degradation of fCS- and the anticoagulant activity of the resulting fragments.

[Potential Mechanisms Underlying Acupuncture Regulation on Hypertensive Myocardial Hypertrophy and Cardiac Function Damage].

Long-lasting hypertension results in ventricular remodeling characteristic of myocardial hypertrophy including myocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, a pathological process failed to be blocked by the current biomedical means and could eventually lead to heart failure. It has been shown that acupuncture can excite the parasympathetic nerve to counter the overtonic activity of sympathetic nerve, elicit antihypertensive effect and produce cardioprotection via the regulation of calcium signaling-related proteins in myocytes, suggesting its potential role in the management of these disorders. In this paper, the authors review relevant studies and propose, with respect to the autonomic nerve, endocrine system, cytokines and intracellular calcium signaling pathways, several novel ideas concerning the treatment of hypertensive myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac malfunction by acupuncture.

Two new susceptibility loci 1q24.2 and 11p11.2 confer risk to severe acne.

Severe acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by widespread inflammatory lesions including nodules, cysts and potential scarring. Here we perform the first genome-wide association study of severe acne in a Chinese Han population comprising 1,056 cases and 1,056 controls using the Illumina HumanOmniZhongHua-8 BeadChip. In an independent cohort of 1,860 cases and 3,660 controls of Chinese Han, we replicate 101 SNPs of which 3 showed consistent association.

Identification of mutation c.632G>A (p.G211D) in the ATP2A2 gene and genotype-phenotype correlation in a large Chinese family with Darier's disease.

Darier's disease (DD, MIM 124200) is an autosomal dominant inherited skin disease. Mutations in the ATP2A2 gene, which encoded the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) -ATPase isoform 2 (SERCA2), are responsible for this skin disorder. Here we report the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of a large Chinese family with DD.