Research on the unsteady flow characteristics of high specific speed axial flow impellers with small aspect ratio and double blades.

High specific speed impeller with low aspect ratio is ideal for high-speed pump-jet propulsion. This study investigates its unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics using experimental and numerical methods. At the design flow rate (Q), the pressure amplitude at the blade's leading and trailing edges varies significantly along the streamline.

Population Genetics and Trajectory Simulation Reveals the Invasion Process of the Fall Armyworm () in the Eastern Hemisphere.

As a migratory agricultural pest, the fall armyworm has been in the spotlight since it invaded Africa in 2016. Invasive populations have now colonized much of the Eastern Hemisphere, causing severe damage to a wide range of crops. However, there is still disagreement internationally on the origin and mode of invasion of fall armyworm populations, especially from the Americas to China.

Population genomics of migratory and resident Spodoptera frugiperda reveals key genes and loci driving migration traits.

Background: The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW) is one of the most devastating invasive pests in the world, owing to its extraordinary migration performance. Research has clarified the migratory pathways and external environmental factors affecting FAW migration. However, the internal genes and loci regulating migration or reside in FAW remain largely unknown.

FTO aggravates podocyte injury and diabetic nephropathy progression via m6A-dependent stabilization of ACC1 mRNA and promoting fatty acid metabolism.

Podocyte injury associated with albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common form of epigenetic modification in eukaryotic cells and is known to be associated with a variety of disease processes. Its role in podocyte injury of DN remains poorly studied.

Dietary patterns modify the association between body mass index and mortality in older adults.

Background: The potential modifying roles of dietary patterns in the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality in older adults remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the stratified and combined associations of dietary patterns and BMI with all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 3982 Chinese community-dwelling older adults between 2001 and 2003.

Full-component extract of and its effect on epidermal regeneration.

As a well-known aromatic herb rich in various bioactive molecules, the extract of is widely used in cosmetics. However, the extraction process for is far from perfect. Moreover, the water- and oil-soluble components are too complex to be compatible with each other.

Polyphenol-modified biomimetic bioadhesives for the therapy of annulus fibrosus defect and nucleus pulposus degeneration after discectomy.

Discectomy is the surgical standard of care to relieve low back pain caused by intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation. However, there remains annulus fibrosus (AF) defect and nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration, which often result in recurrent herniation (re-herniation). Herein, we develop a polyphenol-modified waterborne polyurethane bioadhesives (PPU-glues) to promote therapy prognosis after discectomy.

Combined Impact of Heart Rate Sensor Placements with Respiratory Rate and Minute Ventilation on Oxygen Uptake Prediction.

Oxygen uptake (V˙O2) is an essential metric for evaluating cardiopulmonary health and athletic performance, which can barely be directly measured. Heart rate (HR) is a prominent physiological indicator correlated with V˙O2 and is often used for indirect V˙O2 prediction. This study investigates the impact of HR placement on V˙O2 prediction accuracy by analyzing HR data combined with the respiratory rate (RESP) and minute ventilation (V˙E) from three anatomical locations: the chest; arm; and wrist.

Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy.

This study presents the results of a randomized controlled trial utilizing a 2 x 2 factorial design, comparing the effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and action observation training (AOT) intervention methods on spasticity, balance function, and motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy (SCP). The study aimed to investigate whether the combination of the two interventions produces greater improvement than either treatment alone or conventional treatment. Subject children in this study, in accordance with the random number table, were randomly divided into four groups: conventional group, rTMS group, AOT group, and combined intervention group.

Development and validation of the head and neck cancer psychosocial distress scale (HNCPDS) to identify patients at high risk for psychological problems : a multicenter study.

To develop the Head and Neck Cancer Psychosocial Distress Scale (HNCPDS) with the aim of identifying high-risk individuals for psychosocial distress among patients, and to assess its reliability, validity and applicability. Using the classical test theory, a total of 435 head and neck cancer patients from six tertiary hospitals in China were recruited for developing the HNCPDS. Delphi expert consultation and item analysis were used to improve the content validity of the preliminary HNCPDS.

Injectable citrate-based polyurethane-urea as a tug-of-war-inspired bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw augmented bone-tendon healing.

Inspired by tug-of-war, a game-changing bone-tendon fixation paradigm was developed. Specifically, injectable citrate-based bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw (iCSP-Scr) consisting of reactive isocyanate (NCO) terminalized citrate-based polyurethane, proanthocyanidin modified hydroxyapatite (HAp) and water (with/without porogen) was developed and administrated in the bone-tendon gap. Instead of the "point to point" tendon fixation by traditional interface screws, along with the moisture-induced crosslinking and expansion of iCSP-Scr within the confined space of the irregularly shaped bone-tendon gap, the tendon graft was evenly squeezed into the bone tunnel in a "surface to surface" manner to realize strong and stable bone-tendon fixation via physical expansion, mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding (between -NCO and the -NH, -SH groups on bone matrix).

Development and Validation of a Carbohydrate Metabolism-Related Model for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Landscape in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Objective: The activities and products of carbohydrate metabolism are involved in key processes of cancer. However, its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear.

Methods: The cancer genome atlas (TCGA)-HCC and ICGC-LIRI-JP datasets were acquired via public databases.

Dietary inflammatory index, mediating biomarkers and incident frailty in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: Diet can modulate systemic inflammation, while inflammation is a critical contributory factor of frailty. However, longitudinal data on the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and frailty are limited, and the intermediate mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between DII and incident frailty and the potential mediating roles of frailty-related biomarkers.

Motico: An attentional mechanism network model for smart aging disease risk prediction based on image data classification.

The current disease risk prediction model with many parameters is complex to run smoothly on mobile terminals such as tablets and mobile phones in imaginative elderly care application scenarios. In order to further reduce the number of parameters in the model and enable the disease risk prediction model to run smoothly on mobile terminals, we designed a model called Motico (An Attention Mechanism Network Model for Image Data Classification). During the implementation of the Motico model, in order to protect image features, we designed an image data preprocessing method and an attention mechanism network model for image data classification.

Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of Connexin 43 as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Human Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC).

: Connexin 43 (Cx43) is involved in the transfer of small signaling molecules between neighboring cells, thereby exerting a major influence on the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis. However, there is a lack of systematic research on Cx43 expression and its predictive role in clinical diagnosis and prognosis in pan-cancer. : Several biological databases were used to evaluate the expression levels of GJA1 (encoding Cx43) and its diagnostic and prognostic significance in pan-cancer.

Impact of Anti-angiogenic Drugs on Severity of COVID-19 in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has reshaped oncology practice, but the impact of anti-angiogenic drugs on the severity of COVID-19 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. We carried out a retrospective study involving 166 consecutive patients with NSCLC who were positive for COVID-19, aiming to determine the effects of anti-angiogenic drugs on disease severity, as defined by severe/critical symptoms, intensive care unit (ICU) admission/intubation, and mortality outcomes. Risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Screening and functional validation of the core detoxification genes conferring broad-spectrum response to insecticides in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Background: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, a formidable agricultural pest, has developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides. However, how S. frugiperda utilizes its limited energy and resources to deal with various insecticides remains largely unexplored.

Association of dietary protein intake, inflammation with muscle mass, physical performance and incident sarcopenia in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: Inflammation and impaired muscle synthesis are important factors of sarcopenia. Plant protein may reduce inflammation but may not be as efficient as animal protein in providing essential amino acids. We therefore examined the associations between dietary protein intake and changes in muscle mass and physical performance, incident sarcopenia, and the interaction effect of inflammation.

Sr-induced Fermi Engineering of β-FeOOH for Multifunctional Catalysis.

Designing a multifunctional electrocatalyst to produce H from water, urea, urine, and wastewater, is highly desirable yet challenging because it demands precise Fermi-engineering to realize stronger π-donation from O 2p to electron(e)-deficient metal (t) d-orbitals. Here a Sr-induced phase transformed β-FeOOH/α-Ni(OH) catalyst anchored on Ni-foam (designated as pt-NFS) is introduced, where Sr produces plenteous Fe (Fe → Fe) to modulate Fermi level and e-transfer from e-rich Ni(t)-orbitals to e-deficient Fe(t)-orbitals, via strong π-donation from the π-symmetry lone-pair of O bridge. pt-NFS utilizes Fe-sites near the Sr-atom to break the H─O─H bonds and weakens the adsorption of *O while strengthening that of *OOH, toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively.

Red blood cell-derived materials for cancer therapy: Construction, distribution, and applications.

Cancer has become an increasingly important public health issue owing to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Although traditional treatment methods are relatively effective, they have limitations such as highly toxic side effects, easy drug resistance, and high individual variability. Meanwhile, emerging therapies remain limited, and their actual anti-tumor effects need to be improved.