Exploring the effectiveness of molecular subtypes, biomarkers, and genetic variations as first-line treatment predictors in Asian breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Breast cancer incidence has been on the rise significantly in the Asian population, occurring at an earlier age and a later stage. The potential predictive value of molecular subtypes, biomarkers, and genetic variations has not been deeply explored in the Asian population. This study evaluated the effect of molecular subtype classification and the presence or absence of biomarkers and genetic variations on pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant treatment in Asian breast cancer patients.

Thalassemia in Asia 2021 Thalassemia in Brunei Darussalam.

Acknowledging and understanding the extent of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathy issues in a country is crucial for the benefit of implementing a national preventive and control program to reduce its prevalence. In order to obtain reliable prevalence data, the gene frequencies of the thalassemias and other hemoglobinopathies should be investigated. Molecular studies on thalassemia have yet to be done for Brunei's population.

KRAS Mutation: Characterization and Its Impact on Survival Outcome of Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types, with rising incidence due to imbalanced lifestyle and dietary habit. Association between CRC cases and mutation has been established recently. Brunei Darussalam, located within the Borneo island, is of diverse ethnicity which could represent the genome of Southeast Asia population.

Southeast Asian Pharmacogenomics Research Network (SEAPharm): Current Status and Perspectives.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is increasingly being recognized as a potential tool for improving the efficacy and safety of drug therapy. Therefore, several efforts have been undertaken globally to facilitate the implementation process of PGx into routine clinical practice. Part of these efforts include the formation of PGx working groups working on PGx research, synthesis, and dissemination of PGx data and creation of PGx implementation strategies.

Distinct domains of the β1-subunit cytosolic N terminus control surface expression and functional properties of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels.

The properties and function of large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels are modified by the tissue-specific expression of regulatory β1-subunits. Although the short cytosolic N-terminal domain of the β1-subunit is important for controlling both BK channel trafficking and function, whether the same, or different, regions of the N terminus control these distinct processes remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that the first six N-terminal residues including Lys-3, Lys-4, and Leu-5 are critical for controlling functional regulation, but not trafficking, of BK channels.

The stress response protein Gls24 is induced by copper and interacts with the CopZ copper chaperone of Enterococcus hirae.

Intracellular copper routing in Enterococcus hirae is accomplished by the CopZ copper chaperone. Under copper stress, CopZ donates Cu(+) to the CopY repressor, thereby releasing its bound zinc and abolishing repressor-DNA interaction. This in turn induces the expression of the cop operon, which encodes CopY and CopZ, in addition to two copper ATPases, CopA and CopB.

Establishment of proliferative cell nuclear antigen gene as an internal reference gene for polymerase chain reaction of a wide range of archival and fresh mammalian tissues.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from paraffin-embedded tissues provides a powerful tool to amplify DNA from a variety of recent and archival material. Because DNA from paraffin-embedded samples is more degraded than from fresh material, the amplification of reference genes is essential to exclude false-negative results. This study describes the use of the proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene as a reference gene in a range of animal species and in humans.

Detection of novel chlamydiae in cats with ocular disease.

Objective: To detect and characterize the full range of chlamydial infections in cats with ocular disease by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, cytologic examination, immunohistochemical analysis, and evaluation of clinical information including status for feline herpesvirus-1 (FeHV-1).

Sample Population: DNA extracted from 226 conjunctival samples obtained from cats with clinically diagnosed keratitis or conjunctivitis and 30 conjunctival samples from healthy cats.

Procedure: PCR assays for the 16S rRNA gene specific for the order Chlamydiales and a new Chlamydophila felis (formerly Chlamydia psittaci) species-specific 23S rRNA gene were performed.

The Enterococcus hirae paradigm of copper homeostasis: copper chaperone turnover, interactions, and transactions.

The cop operon is a key element of copper homeostasis in Enterococcus hirae. It encodes two copper ATPases, CopA and CopB, the CopY repressor, and the CopZ metallochaperone. The cop operon is induced by copper, which allows uncompromised growth in up to 5 mM ambient copper.