Thermophilic anaerobic ethane oxidation coupled with selenate and selenite reduction.

Anaerobic microorganisms are critical in regulating ethane in geothermal environments, where selenate and selenite are common contaminants. Although coupling ethane oxidation with selenate reduction has been demonstrated as feasible, such processes remain poorly explored in geothermal environments. This study addressed this gap by successfully enriching thermophilic anaerobic cultures capable of coupling ethane oxidation with selenate/selenite reduction, achieving selenate and selenite removal rate of 2.

Enrichment and characterization of thermophilic anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria from hot spring.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidization (Anammox) process plays a crucial role in the global nitrogen cycle and sustainable biological nitrogen removal from wastewater. Although Anammox bacteria have been detected across mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, the direct cultivation of Anammox bacteria from thermal environments has remained elusive. This impedes limiting our understanding of their physiology and ecology in high-temperature habitats.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled with sulfate reduction links nitrogen with sulfur cycle.

Sulfate-dependent ammonium oxidation (Sulfammox) is a critical process linking nitrogen and sulfur cycles. However, the metabolic pathway of microbes driven Sulfammox is still in suspense. The study demonstrated that ammonium was not consumed with sulfate as the sole electron acceptor during long-term enrichment, probably due to inhibition from sulfide accumulation, while ammonium was removed at ∼ 10 mg N/L/d with sulfate and nitrate as electron acceptors.

Azo-Linked Porous Polycalix[]arenes for the Efficient Removal of Organic Micropollutants from Water.

Developing novel porous adsorbents for efficient wastewater treatment is significant to the environment protection. Herein, three porous polycalix[]arenes ( = 4, 6, and 8) which had varying cavity sizes of the macrocycle (Azo-CX4P, Azo-CX6P, and Azo-CX8P) were prepared under mild conditions and tested for their potential application in water purification. Azo-CX8P with a larger cavity size of the macrocycle outperformed Azo-CX4P and Azo-CX6P in screening studies involving a range of organic micropollutants.

Development and application of an indirect ELISA to detect antibodies to in cattle based on a chimeric protein rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7.

is an important apicomplexan parasite causing neosporosis in cattle. The disease is recognized as one of the most important cause of reproductive problems and abortion in cattle worldwide. In this context, we developed an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with chimeric protein rSRS2-SAG1-GRA7 to diagnose antibodies to -infection.

Microbial methane emissions from the non-methanogenesis processes: A critical review.

Methane, a potent greenhouse gas of global importance, has traditionally been considered as an end product of microbial methanogenesis of organic matter. Paradoxically, growing evidence has shown that some microbes, such as cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, purple non-sulfur bacteria, and cryptogamic covers, produce methane in oxygen-saturated aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The non-methanogenesis process could be an important potential contributor to methane emissions.

An 8-gene DNA methylation signature predicts the recurrence risk of cervical cancer.

Objective: This study examined the predictive utility of DNA methylation for cervical cancer recurrence.

Methods: DNA methylation and RNA expression data for patients with cervical cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes were screened and extracted correlation analysis.

Evaluation of the Bioequivalence of Acarbose in Healthy Chinese People.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the reference formulation and test formulation of acarbose are bioequivalent among healthy Chinese subjects based on evaluation of the pharmacodynamic end point. Two clinical trials with acarbose were conducted: study A, a pilot study (n = 12; 50 and 100 mg), and study B, a pivotal study (n = 60; 50 mg). In study A, there was a dose-dependent relationship between 50 mg acarbose and 100 mg acarbose and a significant difference compared with sucrose alone.

Sulfate dependent ammonium oxidation: A microbial process linked nitrogen with sulfur cycle and potential application.

Sulfate dependent ammonium oxidation (Sulfammox) is a potential microbial process coupling ammonium oxidation with sulfate reduction under anaerobic conditions, which provides a novel link between nitrogen and sulfur cycle. Recently, Sulfammox was detected in wastewater treatments and was confirmed to occur in natural environments, especially in marine sediments. However, knowledge gaps in the mechanism of Sulfammox, functional bacteria, and their metabolic pathway, make it challenging to estimate its environmental significance and potential applications.

Biological conversion of methane to polyhydroxyalkanoates: Current advances, challenges, and perspectives.

Methane emissions and plastic pollution are critical global challenges. The biological conversion of methane to poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) not only mitigates methane emissions but also provides biodegradable polymer substitutes for petroleum-based materials used in plastics production. This work provides an early overview of the methane-based PHB advances and discusses challenges and related strategies.

Prediction of roof supporting pressure for shallow tunnels in layered soils incorporating the effect of pore water pressure.

In this study, we propose a method for predicting the supporting pressure required for shallow tunnels in layered soils, based on a curved roof collapse mechanism with multi-failure surfaces. In this method, the effect of the number and thickness of soil layers, pore water pressure, arbitrary roof profile, and ground additional load is considered simultaneously. A nonlinear power-law failure criterion is employed to describe the failure characteristics of the roof soils.