Randomized, Phase III Trial of Mixed Formulation of Fosrolapitant and Palonosetron (HR20013) in Preventing Cisplatin-Based Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: PROFIT.

Purpose: Mixed formulation of fosrolapitant and palonosetron (PALO), HR20013, is a novel fixed-dose intravenous antiemetic combination that could simultaneously antagonize neurokinin-1 and 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptors. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HR20013 plus dexamethasone (DEX) versus fosaprepitant (FAPR) plus PALO + DEX for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Methods: This is a noninferiority study.

Hypoxia-driven lncRNA CTD-2510F5.4: a potential player in hepatocellular carcinoma's prognostic stratification, cellular behavior, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic response.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options. Hypoxia is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment that reportedly promotes tumorigenesis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of regulatory molecules with diverse functions in cancer biology.

Dendrobium nobile active ingredient Dendrobin A against hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B signaling.

Objective: Dendrobin A, a typical active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium nobile, has potential clinical application in cancer treatment; however, its effect and mechanism in anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unsolved.

Method: The effects of Dendrobin A on the viability, migration, invasion, cycle, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells were verified by in vitro experiments. mRNA sequencing was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of HCC cells before and after Dendrobin A treatment, following GO enrichment and KEGG signaling pathway analyses.

HIF-1α-mediated LAMC1 overexpression is an unfavorable predictor of prognosis for glioma patients: evidence from pan-cancer analysis and validation experiments.

Background: Laminin subunit gamma-1 (LAMC1) is a major extracellular matrix molecule involved in the tumor microenvironment. Knowledge of the biological features and clinical relevance of LAMC1 in cancers remains limited.

Methods: We conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of LAMC1 gene expression and clinical relevance in pan-cancer datasets of public databases and validated LAMC1 expression in glioma tissues and cell lines.

Construction of a ceRNA network to reveal a vascular invasion associated prognostic model in hepatocellular carcinoma.

The aim of this study is to explore the prognostic value of vascular invasion (VI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by searching for competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network and constructing a new prognostic model for HCC. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and normal tissues were identified from GEO and TCGA. StarBase and miRanda prediction tools were applied to construct a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.

A novel CTLA-4 blocking strategy based on nanobody enhances the activity of dendritic cell vaccine-stimulated antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Despite the great success of CTLA-4 blocking in cancer treatment, the use of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies still faces many limitations. Now, immune checkpoint blocking coupled with adoptive cell therapy is gaining much attention. In this paper, we reported a strategy on the basis of anti-CTLA-4 nanobody (Nb)-modified liposomes to improve these obstacles.

Integrated analysis of the relation to tumor immune microenvironment and predicted value of Stonin1 gene for immune checkpoint blockage and targeted treatment in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Stonin1 (STON1) is an endocytic protein but its role in cancer remains unclear. Here, we investigated the immune role of STON1 in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).

Methods: We undertook bioinformatics analyses of the expression and clinical significance of STON1 in KIRC through a series of public databases, and the role of STON1 in the tumor microenvironment and the predictive value for immunotherapy and targeted treatment in KIRC were identified with R packages.

CEACAM1 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Cell Infiltration in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: CEACAM1 has been shown to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of tumors, and modulation of CEACAM1-related signaling pathways has been suggested as a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy in recent years. However, its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear.

Methods: The relationship between CEACAM1 and ccRCC was demonstrated based on data from TCGA, GEO, and HPA databases.

Validation of different personalized risk models of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: results of a randomized, double-blind, phase III trial of fosaprepitant for cancer patients treated with high-dose cisplatin.

Background: Highly emetogenic chemotherapy induces emesis in cancer patients without prophylaxis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fosaprepitant-based triple antiemetic regimen for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with solid malignant tumors, determine risk factors and externally validate different personalized risk models for CINV.

Methods: This phase III trial was designed to test the non-inferiority of fosaprepitant toward aprepitant in cancer patients who were to receive the first cycle of single-day cisplatin chemotherapy.

Comprehensive analysis of expression and prognostic value in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma.

Laminin subunit gamma 1 (LAMC1) protein is associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis. However, its role in kidney cancer remains unclear. In this work, we sought to probe the expression as well as its carcinogenic mechanisms of in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).

Determining the Optimal Cut-Off Values of Serum E2 and FSH for Evaluating the Menopausal Status of Breast Cancer Patients in a Southern Chinese Population.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) is one of universal phenomena in breast cancer (BC) patients, and it causes difficulties in evaluating the actual menopausal status which is important for the oncologists to choose appropriate treatment. Currently, serum estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are the most commonly used clinical parameters for the assessment of menopausal status in BC patients. However, the optimal cut-off points of serum E2 and FSH have little been explored in southern Chinese population.

Molecular characterization of matrix metalloproteinase gene family across primates.

Deregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contributes considerably to cancers, psychiatric disorders, macular degeneration and bone diseases. The use of humans in the development of MMPs as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets is complicated by many factors, while primate models can be useful alternatives for this purpose. Here, we performed genome-enabled identification of putative MMPs across primate species, and comprehensively investigated the genes.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Carcinogenic Process, Tumor Microenvironment, and Drug Response in HPV-Positive Cancers.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus, and about 5% of all cancers worldwide is caused by persistent high-risk HPV infections. Here, we reported a comprehensive analysis of the molecular features for HPV-related cancer types using TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data with HPV status. We found that the HPV-positive cancer patients had a unique oncogenic process, tumor microenvironment, and drug response compared with HPV-negative patients.

Computed Tomography-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation in Older Adults With Early-Stage Peripheral Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of computed tomography(CT)-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in medically inoperable older adults with clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of medically inoperable older adults (≥70 years) with clinical stage I NSCLC who underwent percutaneous multi-tined electrode RFA at our institution between January 2014 and December 2018. We analyzed the patients' characteristics, therapy response, survival, as well as the procedure-related complications.

Chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 3 (CCT3) promotes cisplatin resistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells through targeting the Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway.

Cisplatin resistance remains a major obstacle to effective chemotherapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 3 (CCT3) has been extensively investigated in various cancers, but not in the context of drug resistance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of CCT3 in cisplatin resistance of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells.

Repurposing antitussive benproperine phosphate against pancreatic cancer depends on autophagy arrest.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common human malignancies worldwide and remains a major clinical challenge. Here, we found that benproperine phosphate (BPP), a cough suppressant, showed a significant anticancer effect on PC both in vitro and in vivo via the induction of autophagy-mediated cell death. Mechanistic studies revealed that BPP triggered AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy initiation and disturbed Ras-related protein Rab-11A (RAB11A)-mediated autophagosome-lysosome fusion, resulting in excessive accumulation of autophagosomes.

Bioinformatical Analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus Database Associates TAF7/CCNB1, TAF7/CCNA2, and GTF2E2/CDC20 Pathways with Glioblastoma Development and Prognosis.

Objective: This study bioinformatically analyzed aberrant genes and pathways for associations with glioblastoma development and prognosis.

Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was searched and 4 GEO datasets (GSE4290, GSE50161, GSE116520, and GSE90598) were retrieved for limma and RobustRankAggreg package analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between glioblastoma and normal brain tissues. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted for the main biological functions of these DEGs, whereas the hub genes were identified using the protein-protein interaction network and confirmed for transcriptional and translational levels using the Cancer Genome Atlas, the Genotype-Tissue Expression, and the Human Protein Atlas data.

Long noncoding RNA OR3A4 promotes the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by sponging miR-1227-5p.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as key players in promoting tumourigenesis in osteosarcoma. LncRNA OR3A4 (OR3A4) has been reported as an oncogene in a number of tumours. However, the clinical value of OR3A4 in osteosarcoma and the role of OR3A4 in osteosarcoma progression are still unknown.

MicroRNA-374b inhibits liver cancer progression via down regulating programmed cell death-1 expression on cytokine-induced killer cells.

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is an oncogene associated with suppressing proliferation and cytokine production of T cells in the progression of liver cancer. microRNAs (miRs) regulate gene expression via specific binding to the target 3'untranslated region of mRNA. In the present study, miR-374b was indicated to interact with PD-1 and affect the tumor-targeting capacity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells.

LncRNA FUNDC2P4 down-regulation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition by reducing E-cadherin expression in residual hepatocellular carcinoma after insufficient radiofrequency ablation.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after insufficient radiofrequency ablation (RFA) could induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in residual tumours, resulting in rapid and aggressive recurrence. However, the role of EMT-related Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in residual tumour progression remains unclear.

Methods: Insufficient RFA was simulated in vitro by heating Huh7 cells in water bath at 47 °C, named as Huh7-H.

Glypican-3-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by human leucocyte antigen-A*0201-restricted peptide effectively kill hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro.

Objective: To investigate potential human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted epitope peptides of glypican-3 (GPC3) and determine the cytotoxicity of peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

Methods: The potential HLA-A*0201-restricted GPC3 peptides were screened using computer algorithms, T2 cell-binding affinity and stability of peptide/HLA-A*0201 complex assay. The peptide-specific CTLs were generated and their cytotoxicity against GPC3 SMMC 7721 and HepG2 cells was detected using IFN-γ based enzyme-linked immunospot and lactate dehydrogenase release assays in vitro.

The metronomic therapy with prednisone, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide reduces the serum levels of VEGF and circulating endothelial cells and improves response rates and progression-free survival in patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Purpose: There is an urgent need for a better strategy in the management of relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the regimen using metronomic prednisone, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory NHL, in comparison with conventional salvage chemotherapy.

Methods: Eligible patients were randomized to the test group (n = 23) receiving metronomic prednisone, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide or the control group (n = 21) receiving conventional salvage chemotherapy.

Clinical efficacy of metronomic chemotherapy after cool-tip radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Anti-angiogenic agents have shown promise for treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the primary mechanism of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy using traditional cytotoxic drugs is anti-angiogenic. This study evaluated the efficacy of metronomic capecitabine and thalidomide after cool-tip radiofrequency ablation (RFA), relative to RFA alone, for treating patients with HCC.

Methods And Materials: Patients with HCC were randomly apportioned to a test group (n = 22) receiving metronomic chemotherapy with capecitabine and thalidomide after RFA, or a control group (n = 28) receiving RFA only.

A prognostic model to predict survival in stage III colon cancer patients based on histological grade, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level and the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio.

Background: Stage III colon cancer patients demonstrate diverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a prognostic model in order to better predict their survival.

Materials And Methods: From 2004 to 2010, 548 patients were retrospectively analyzed, among whom 328 were defined as the study group and the remaining 220 served as a validation group.

Risk factors for hepatitis B virus reactivation after conformal radiotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

This study investigated whether conformal radiotherapy affects hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, and the risk factors for HBV reactivation in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sixty-nine patients with HCC were included in this retrospective study. Before radiotherapy (RT), all patients underwent imaging examinations and some baseline examinations, including CBC, liver function test, renal function test, α-fetoprotein level, hepatitis B (HB) surface antigen, HB surface Ab, HB e antigen, HB e Ab, and serum HBV DNA quantification.