Numerical Simulation and Experimental Analysis for Microwave Sintering Process of Lithium Hydride (LiH).

Dense lithium hydride (LiH) is widely used in neutron shielding applications for thermonuclear reactors and space systems due to its unique properties. However, traditional sintering methods often lead to cracking in LiH products. This study investigates the densification sintering of LiH using microwave technology.

Study on the Properties of All-Solid Waste Fluidized Filling Materials Applied to Mine Void Area Filling Engineering.

The extraction of mining resources, as well as processing processes such as ore beneficiation and smelting, generate large amounts of tailings that are difficult to directly utilize. Meanwhile, substantial filling materials are required for the voids formed after mining operations, and the environmental issues and safety hazards brought on by massive solid waste disposal cannot be ignored. By utilizing solid waste with alkaline and pozzolanic activity as the binder component and gold tailings as filler aggregate to prepare filler material to fill up the void areas, the purpose of waste treatment can be achieved.

Research Progress on Tofu Coagulants and Their Coagulation Mechanisms.

Tofu has captivated researchers' attention due to its distinctive texture and enrichment in nutritional elements, predominantly soybean protein. Coagulants play a critical role in promoting coagulation during tofu production, directly influencing its texture, quality, and physicochemical characteristics. Currently, the impact of coagulant characteristics on coagulation, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remain unclear.

Mismatched unrelated donors allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with antithymocyte globulin for hematological malignancies: a multicenter retrospective study in China.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) utilizing mismatched unrelated donors (MMUD) present a vital option for patients with hematologic malignancies without human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors. This multicenter retrospective study encompassed 211 adults with hematological malignancies receiving allo-HSCT with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) from ≥1 HLA locus MMUD. The findings revealed cumulative incidences of II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) at 180 days at 26.

Identification strategy of wild and cultivated Astragali Radix based on REIMS combined with two-dimensional LC-MS.

A rapid and real-time method was established based on the combination of rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) and two-dimensional liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (2DLC-MS) for identification of wild Astragali Radix (WAR) and cultivated AR (CAR). The samples were analyzed under ambient ionization without time-consuming sample preparation. The phenotypic data of WAR and CAR were used to develop a real-time recognition model.

Piezoelectric MEMS microphones based on rib structures and single crystal PZT thin film.

In this study, a controllable mass‒frequency tuning method is presented using the etching of rib structures on a single-crystal PZT membrane. The rib structures were optimized to reduce the membrane mass while maintaining the stiffness; therefore, the center frequency could be increased to improve the low-frequency bandwidth of microphones. Additionally, this methodology could reduce the modulus and improve the sensitivity for the same resonant frequency, which typically indicates the maximum acoustic overload point (AOP).

Fully integrated multi-mode optoelectronic memristor array for diversified in-sensor computing.

In-sensor computing, which integrates sensing, memory and processing functions, has shown substantial potential in artificial vision systems. However, large-scale monolithic integration of in-sensor computing based on emerging devices with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits remains challenging, lacking functional demonstrations at the hardware level. Here we report a fully integrated 1-kb array with 128 × 8 one-transistor one-optoelectronic memristor (OEM) cells and silicon CMOS circuits, which features configurable multi-mode functionality encompassing three different modes of electronic memristor, dynamic OEM and non-volatile OEM (NV-OEM).

Unveiling the hidden power of noncoding RNAs in pediatric respiratory diseases.

Respiratory diseases in children are common health problems that significantly impact their quality of life and health status, and this has its own unique challenges compared to adults. A growing body of research has focused on epigenetic mechanisms that relate with the development of various diseases, such as pediatric respiratory diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long noncoding RNAs, microRNA, and circular RNA, are reported to play a regulatory role in pediatric respiratory diseases whose mutations or aberrant expressions are strongly associated with the development of these diseases.

Avicularin inhibits ferroptosis and improves cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease by modulating the NOX4/Nrf2 axis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disorder for which effective therapies remain elusive, primarily due to the complexity of its underlying pathophysiology. In recent years, natural products have gained attention for their therapeutic potential in AD, owing to their multi-targeted actions and low toxicity profiles. Avicularin (Avi), a flavonoid derived from the peels of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.

Bimetallic peroxide nanoparticles induce PANoptosis by disrupting ion homeostasis for enhanced immunotherapy.

PANoptosis has recently emerged as a potential approach to improve the immune microenvironment. However, current methods for inducing PANoptosis are limited. Herein, through biological screening, the rational use of the nutrient metal ions Cu and Zn had great potential to induce PANoptosis.

Protocol for detection of tRNA-derived fragments in cells, tissues, and plasma.

tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) are frequently dysregulated in cancers, and approaches for the detection of tRFs within biological samples are vital for their expression analysis and functional exploration. Here, we present a protocol for detecting tRFs using a modified TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)-based technique, Dumbbell-PCR (Db-PCR). We describe steps for primer and adapter design, adapter-RNA ligation, and RNA detection.

A single-particle energy-conserving dissipative particle dynamics approach for simulating thermophoresis of nanoparticles in polymer networks.

The transport of nanoparticles in polymer networks has critical implications in biology and medicine, especially through thermophoresis in response to temperature gradients. This study presents a single-particle energy-conserving dissipative particle dynamics (seDPD) method by integrating a single-particle model into the energy-conserving DPD model to simulate the mesoscopic thermophoretic behavior of nanoparticles in polymer matrices. We first validate the newly developed seDPD model through comparisons with analytical solutions for nanoparticle viscosity, thermal diffusivity, and hydrodynamic drag and then demonstrate the effectiveness of the seDPD model in capturing thermophoretic forces induced by temperature gradients.

The Antipsychotic Drug Aripiprazole Suppresses Colorectal Cancer by Targeting LAMP2a to Induce RNH1/miR-99a/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a critical signaling hub for sustaining cancer survival. Targeting mTOR and inducing autophagic cell death downstream of it represent promising therapeutic strategies for cancer prevention. A US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug library containing 616 small molecules is used to screen anticancer drugs against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells that rely on mTOR.

Integrated untargeted/targeted metabolomics identifies a putative oxylipin signature in patients with atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease.

Background And Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are closely related to metabolic dysregulation. However, the metabolic characteristics of AF patients with concomitant CHD remain unclear. The aims of this study were to elucidate the metabolic profiles of patients with AF and CHD to seek new therapeutic targets and related factors of AF combined with CHD.

Association between gout and kidney stone: results from mendelian randomization and the NHANES study.

Background: Kidney stones are a common urologic disease with an increasing incidence year by year, and there are similar influences between gout status and kidney stone incidence. Therefore the contribution of gout status to the incidence of kidney stones is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gout status and kidney stones and to further explore the causal relationship by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Development of patient-tailored preoperative assessment of percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), a minimally invasive surgery technique, has become the common treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). The complications of PVP will lead to severe damage to spinal neuro systems due to bone cement leakage. A patient tailored preoperative assessment approach was developed to reduce the risks of complications in this study.

Cationic and Anionic Dual Redox Activity of MoS for Electrochemical Potassium Storage.

MoS is regarded as one of the most promising potassium-ion battery (PIB) anodes. Despite the great progress to enhance its electrochemical performance, understanding of the electrochemical mechanism to store K-ions in MoS remains unclear. This work reports that the K storage process in MoS follows a complex reaction pathway involving the conversion reactions of Mo and S, showing both cationic redox activity of Mo and anionic redox activity of S.

The Biomarkers in Extreme Longevity: Insights Gained from Metabolomics and Proteomics.

The pursuit of extreme longevity is a popular topic. Advanced technologies such as metabolomics and proteomics have played a crucial role in unraveling complex molecular interactions and identifying novel longevity-related biomarkers in long-lived individuals. This review summarizes key longevity-related biomarkers identified through metabolomics, including high levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and sphingolipids, as well as low levels of tryptophan.

A semantic segmentation method to analyze retinal vascular parameters of diabetic nephropathy.

Introduction: By using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to measure retinal blood vessels. The correlation between the changes of retinal vascular structure and the degree of diabetic nephropathy is analyzed with a full-pixel Semantic segmentation method.

Methods: A total of 120 patients with diabetic nephropathy who were treated in the nephrology department of Quzhou People's Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected and divided into three groups according to the urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR).

Pachymic acid promotes ferroptosis and inhibits gastric cancer progression by suppressing the PDGFRB-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumour with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Despite current treatment modalities, including surgical resection and chemotherapy, challenges such as postoperative recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance persist. Therefore, investigating the feasibility and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating gastric cancer is crucial for discovering new anti-gastric cancer drugs or adjuvant therapies.

Nurse-Authored Patents and Their Influencing Factors Analysis Among Oncology Nurses Based on the Structural Equation Model.

Aims: This study analysed the status of nurse-authored patents and their influencing factors. In particular, this study examined the effects of nurses' innovative behaviour and creative self-efficacy on nurse-authored patent output via structural equation modelling (SEM).

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.