Excitation generated preferential binding sites for ethane on porous carbon-copper porphyrin sorbents: ethane/ethylene adsorptive separation improved by light.

Energy-efficient separation of CH/CH is a great challenge, for which adsorptive separation is very promising. CH-selective adsorption has big implications, while the design of CH-sorbents with ideal adsorption capability, particularly with the CH/CH-selectivity exceeded 2.0, is still challenging.

Interlayer Potassium Single-Atom-Coordinated g-CN for Significantly Boosted Visible Light Photocatalytic H Production.

In recent years, graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) has attracted considerable attention because it includes earth-abundant carbon and nitrogen elements and exhibits good chemical and thermal stability owing to the strong covalent interaction in its conjugated layer structure. However, bulk g-CN has some disadvantages of low specific surface area, poor light absorption, rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, and insufficient active sites, which hinder its practical applications. In this study, we design and synthesize potassium single-atom (K SAs)-doped g-CN porous nanosheets (CM-K, where X represents the mass of KHP added) via supramolecular self-assembling and chemical cross-linking copolymerization strategies.

Leonurus japonicus Houtt. modulates neuronal apoptosis in intracerebral hemorrhage: Insights from network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Leonurus japonicus Houtt. (Labiatae), commonly known as Chinese motherwort, is a herbaceous flowering plant that is native to Asia. It is widely acknowledged in traditional medicine for its diuretic, hypoglycemic, antiepileptic properties and neuroprotection.

Enhanced CO Adsorption by Modulating the Electron Density Distribution of Graphite-Copper Porphyrin Sorbents with Light.

The photo-responsive adsorption has emerged as a vibrant area, but its current methodology is limited by the well-defined photochromic units and their molecular deformation driven by photo-stimuli. Herein, a methodology of nondeforming photo-responsiveness is successfully exploited. With the exploiting agent of Cu-TCPP framework assembled on the graphite and strongly interacted with it, the sorbent generates two kinds of adsorption sites, over which the electron density distribution of the graphite layer can be modulated at the c-axis direction, which can further evolve due to photo-stimulated excited states.

High-efficiency catalyst CuSO/SBA-15 toward butylated hydroxytoluene synthesis in a heterogeneous system.

An SBA-15 loaded CuSO catalyst was designed and prepared for the highly selective production of 2,6-di--butyl--cresol (BHT) from -cresol and isobutylene. The acidity of solid acid catalysts was altered by varying the loading amount of CuSO. Among them, 10% CuSO/SBA-15 exhibited the greatest catalytic performance in the alkylation reaction with a BHT yield of 85.

Hierarchically hollow N-doped carbon-cobalt nanoparticle heterointerface for efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis.

The rational design and fabrication of high-performance and durable bifunctional non-noble-metal electrocatalysts for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are still a great challenge in the practical applications of rechargeable zinc-air (Zn-air) batteries. Herein, we report a simple yet robust route to synthesize cobalt nanoparticles rooted in the hierarchically hollow nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks (Co@HNCs). This strategy employs the pyrolysis of nanostructured hollow Co-based metal-organic framework (ZIF-67) precursors produced by selective linker cleaving with pyrazino(2,3-)(1,10)phenanthroline-2,3-dicarboxylic acid molecules (HPPDA).

Activation of SIRT1 Alleviates Ferroptosis in the Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death that characterizes the lethal lipid peroxidation and iron overload, which may contribute to early brain injury (EBI) pathogenesis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Although Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, has been proved to have endogenous neuroprotective effects on the EBI following SAH, the role of SIRT1 in ferroptosis has not been studied. Hence, we designed the current study to determine the role of ferroptosis in the EBI and explore the correlation between SIRT1 and ferroptosis after SAH.

Gut Microbiota and Acute Central Nervous System Injury: A New Target for Therapeutic Intervention.

Acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury (SCI), are the common causes of death or lifelong disabilities. Research into the role of the gut microbiota in modulating CNS function has been rapidly increasing in the past few decades, particularly in animal models. Growing preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that gut microbiota is involved in the modulation of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms fundamental to the progression of acute CNS injury-induced pathophysiological processes.

Placental Immune Tolerance and Organ Transplantation: Underlying Interconnections and Clinical Implications.

The immune system recognizes and attacks non-self antigens, making up the cornerstone of immunity activity against infection. However, during organ transplantation, the immune system also attacks transplanted organs and leads to immune rejection and transplantation failure. Interestingly, although the embryo and placenta are semi-allografts, like transplanted organs, they can induce maternal tolerance and be free of a vigorous immune response.

Efficient, green, and rapid strategy for separating actinomycin D and X using supercritical fluid chromatography.

Actinomycin D has long been used as a first-line antitumor drug in clinical practice. Actinomycin X, a new drug lead, is often isolated along with actinomycin D. The minor differences between the two actinomycin analogs pose a daunting challenge in separation.

Management of patients with intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes a significant health burden globally and its impact is expected to increase in the coming years. Intermediate stage HCC, as defined by the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system stage B, represents up to 30% of patients at diagnosis and encompasses a broad spectrum of tumor burden. Several attempts have been made to further subclassify this heterogenous group.

FibroBox: a novel noninvasive tool for predicting significant liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in HBV infected patients.

Background: China is a highly endemic area of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The accuracy of existed noninvasive biomarkers including TE, APRI and FIB-4 for staging fibrosis is not high enough in Chinese cohort.

Methods: Using liver biopsy as a gold standard, a novel noninvasive indicator was developed using laboratory tests, ultrasound measurements and liver stiffness measurements with machine learning techniques to predict significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in CHB patients in north and east part of China.

Resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, predictive factors, and future perspectives.

PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy is a promising cancer treatment strategy, which has revolutionized the treatment landscape of malignancies. Over the last decade, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy has been trialed in a broad range of malignancies and achieved clinical success. Despite the potentially cure-like survival benefit, only a minority of patients are estimated to experience a positive response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy, and the primary or acquired resistance might eventually lead to cancer progression in patients with clinical responses.

Lung transplantation as therapeutic option in acute respiratory distress syndrome for coronavirus disease 2019-related pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Critical patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), even those whose nucleic acid test results had turned negative and those receiving maximal medical support, have been noted to progress to irreversible fatal respiratory failure. Lung transplantation (LT) as the sole therapy for end-stage pulmonary fibrosis related to acute respiratory distress syndrome has been considered as the ultimate rescue therapy for these patients.

Methods: From February 10 to March 10, 2020, three male patients were urgently assessed and listed for transplantation.

Hsa_circ_0070963 inhibits liver fibrosis via regulation of miR-223-3p and LEMD3.

Previous circular RNA (circRNA) microarray analyses have uncovered an abnormal expression of hsa_circ_0070963 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, the specific role of hsa_circ_0070963 in liver fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we show that hsa_circ_0070963 inhibits liver fibrosis via regulation of miR-223-3p and LEMD3.

Gut microbiome and cancer immunotherapy.

Gut microbiome has received significant attention for its influences on a variety of host functions, especially immune modulation. With the next-generation sequencing methodologies, more knowledge is gathered about gut microbiome and its irreplaceable role in keeping the balance between human health and diseases is figured out. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are one of the most innovational cancer immunotherapies across cancer types and significantly expand the therapeutic options of cancer patients.

Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advances and future perspectives.

The introduction of immunotherapies has been a major development in the treatment of many advanced cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We are entering a new era of systemic therapy for advanced HCC associated with an explosion of clinical trial activity. Data from phase I/II studies of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced HCC have been promising, with durable objective response rates of approximately 20% seen (in both first- and second-line settings) and acceptable safety profiles (including immune-mediated hepatitis).

T Cell Dysfunction in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy.

In cancer, T cells become dysfunctional owing to persistent antigen exposure. Dysfunctional T cells are characterized by reduced proliferative capacity, decreased effector function, and overexpression of multiple inhibitory receptors. Due to the presence of various inhibitory signals in the complex tumor microenvironment, tumor-specific T cells have distinct dysfunction states.