Publications by authors named "Lu Mao"

Objective: Event capture in clinical trials is resource-intensive, and electronic medical records (EMRs) offer a potential solution. This study develops algorithms for EMR-based death and hospitalization capture and compares them with traditional event capture methods.

Materials And Methods: We compared the effectiveness of EMR-based event capture and site-captured events adjudicated by a clinical endpoint committee in the multi-center INfluenza Vaccine to Effectively Stop cardio Thoracic Events and Decompensated heart failure (INVESTED) trial for participants from the Veterans Affairs healthcare system.

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The marginal inference of an outcome variable can be improved by closely related covariates with a structured distribution. This differs from standard covariate adjustment in randomized trials, which exploits covariate-treatment independence rather than knowledge on the covariate distribution. Yet it can also be done robustly against misspecification of the outcome-covariate relationship.

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Purpose: To evaluate the response of the ureter and renal pelvis to direct targeting by histotripsy guided by cone-beam CT (CBCT) in a human-scale porcine chronic-survival model.

Methods: Bilateral ureteral histotripsy treatments were completed on 6 female swine (n=12). Animals were divided into two groups: Acute (n=2 animals, 4 treatments, sacrificed at Day 0) and Chronic (n=4 animals, 8 treatments, sacrificed at Day 7 (n=2) and Day 28 (n=2)).

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This letter presents a novel approach to sparse Bayesian underwater acoustic signal direction estimation. The proposed method incorporates interpolation of the coprime array and signal subspace fitting. It addresses the limitations of the hydrophone coprime array in utilizing all array elements' information and mitigates the interference of ocean noise in shallow waters, which impairs the accuracy and resolution of target direction estimation.

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Objectives: Ferumoxytol is a superparamagnetic iron-oxide product that is increasingly used off-label for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). With the recent regulatory approval of generic ferumoxytol, there may be an opportunity to reduce cost, so long as generic ferumoxytol has similar imaging performance to brand name ferumoxytol. This study aims to compare the relaxation-concentration dependence and MRI performance of brand name ferumoxytol with generic ferumoxytol through phantom and in vivo experiments.

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Background: The growing body of research on kidney disease in children has identified a broad spectrum of genetic etiologies.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of an optimized genetic test and subclinical changes in a real-world context before kidney transplantation. All cases involved recipients under the age of 18 who underwent whole exome sequencing (ES) between 2013 and 2022.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes of the Denali inferior vena cava filter (Bard Peripheral Vascular, Tempe, Arizona). Five hundred patients had 508 filters placed between 2015 and 2022. Filters were retrieved at the study site in 284 patients: 159 (31.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Atopic dermatitis (AD) is linked to changes in skin bacteria, particularly an overgrowth of Staphylococcus aureus, which worsens skin conditions and is negatively impacted by traditional antibiotic treatments that disrupt healthy bacteria.
  • - Researchers isolated a new virus (phage) named SAP71 that specifically targets and kills S. aureus without carrying harmful genes, making it a safe option for treatment.
  • - Phage SAP71 showed promising results in a model by improving skin lesions, reducing bacteria, and preventing further skin damage associated with AD, supporting its potential use in clinical settings for AD treatment.
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Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the combined spinous process-splitting approach with a Wiltse (SPSW) approach, the combined conventional approach with a Wiltse (CW) approach, and the conventional open (CO) approach in unilateral transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods: The clinical outcomes were assessed, and intraoperative data and complications were collected. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) scores for low back pain and leg pain, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) scores for evaluating functions of the lumbar spine and health-related quality of life, and the modified MacNab standard for assessing satisfaction were analyzed.

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Duration of response is an important endpoint used in drug development. Prolonged duration for response is often viewed as an early indication of treatment efficacy. However, there are numerous difficulties in studying the distribution of duration of response based on observed data subject to right censoring in practice.

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The win ratio has been increasingly used in trials with hierarchical composite endpoints. While the outcomes involved and the rule for their comparisons vary with the application, there is invariably little attention to the estimand of the resulting statistic, causing difficulties in interpretation and cross-trial comparison. We make the case for articulating the estimand as a first step to win ratio analysis and establish that the root cause for its elusiveness is its intrinsic dependency on the time frame of comparison, which, if left unspecified, is set haphazardly by trial-specific censoring.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A study compared 97 participants in-person with 134 participants using videoconferencing, measuring attendance and engagement metrics like class participation and phone call durations.
  • * The virtual group attended more sessions and had longer phone calls, indicating better engagement, but overall weight outcomes were similar to in-person programs, suggesting virtual interventions could be equally effective.
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Background: Partner support is associated with better weight loss outcomes in observational studies, but randomized trials show mixed results for including partners. Unclear is whether teaching communication skills to couples will improve weight loss in a person attempting weight loss (index participant).

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of a partner-assisted intervention versus participant-only weight management program on 24-month weight loss.

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Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of performing histotripsy through overlying gas-filled bowel in an swine model.

Methods: An model was created to simulate histotripsy treatment of solid organs through gas-filled bowel. Spherical 2.

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Objective: The reported date in the repeat surgical intervention for adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH) after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) was quite scarce. This study aims to introduce cases of repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH and assess the incidence, chief causes, repeat surgery methods, and surgical outcomes of repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter observational study was conducted on patients undergoing repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH at four tertiary referral hospitals from January 2014 through August 2022.

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Objective: To identify structure, benefits, and shortcomings of a multi-institutional virtual visiting professorship (VVP) program from 2020 to 2022, 2 years after inception and after gradual resumption of an in-person, prepandemic academic environment.

Methods: An IRB-exempt, 70-question survey about structure, benefits, and shortcomings of the VVP program was distributed to its participants (14 breast imaging departments across the U.S.

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The role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in neuropathic pain is linked to the fundamental physiological mechanisms involved. However, the exact function of circRNAs in the context of neuropathic pain is still not fully understood. The functional impact of circGRIN2B on the excitability of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons was investigated using siRNA or overexpression technology in conjunction with fluorescence in situ hybridization and whole-cell patch-clamp technology.

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Article Synopsis
  • A secondary analysis of the INVESTED trial found that high-dose trivalent influenza vaccines didn't significantly lower mortality or hospitalizations for patients with high-risk cardiovascular disease compared to standard-dose quadrivalent vaccines.
  • The study focused on the antibody response to these vaccines and how it relates to clinical outcomes among patients who had recent heart issues.
  • Results showed that high-dose vaccines produced a stronger antibody response for various influenza strains, indicating a better immune response despite no clear impact on health outcomes.
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  • Partner support might help with weight loss, but randomized trials show mixed results, leaving the impact of communication skills training for couples unclear.
  • The study compared partner-assisted interventions versus participant-only programs to see which led to better long-term weight loss among couples living together.
  • Results showed minimal differences in weight loss after 24 months between the two groups, with participants from both categories losing around 2.6 to 2.9 kg on average without significant variations in caloric intake or daily activity levels.
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Bacteriophages (phages) represent promising alternative treatments against multidrug-resistant (MDRAB) infections. The application of phages as antibacterial agents is limited by their generally narrow host ranges, so changing or expanding the host ranges of phages is beneficial for phage therapy. Multiple studies have identified that phage tail fiber protein mediates the recognition and binding to the host as receptor binding protein in phage infection.

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Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and recurrent inflammatory disease with strong genetic susceptibility. The abnormal production of chemokines plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AD.

Methods: A comprehensive online literature search was performed in databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to retrieve relevant articles published from January 2000 to October 2022.

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Purpose To determine if microwave ablation (MWA) of retroperitoneal tumors can safely provide high rates of local tumor control. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 19 patients (median age, 65 years [range = 46-78 years]; 13 [68.4%] men and six [31.

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Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been widely recognized as a highly promising option for cell-based tissue engineering therapy targeting osteoporosis. However, the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs is impeded by the limited viability and diminished capacity for bone formation within the osteoporotic microenvironment.

Methods: In this study, the COL6A3 gene was confirmed through an extensive analysis of the preceding single-cell sequencing database.

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