Global, regional and national disease burden of food-borne trematodiases: projections to 2030 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Food-borne trematodiases (FBTs), mainly encompassing clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, fasciolopsiasis, opisthorchiasis, and paragonimiasis, is a neglected public health problem, particularly in the WHO South-East Asia and the Western Pacific regions. This study evaluates the global, regional, and national disease burden of FBTs from 1990 to 2021 and projects trends to 2030, underscore the need for targeted prevention and control.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, the crude and the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized prevalence disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) of FBTs at the global, regional and national level from 1990 to 2021 were described.

Unsupervised domain adaptation based on feature and edge alignment for femur X-ray image segmentation.

The gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis is bone mineral density (BMD) measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, various factors during the imaging process cause domain shifts in DXA images, which lead to incorrect bone segmentation. Research shows that poor bone segmentation is one of the prime reasons of inaccurate BMD measurement, severely affecting the diagnosis and treatment plans for osteoporosis.

Effect of ionizing radiation on the secretion of the paracellular pathway in rat submandibular glands.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effects of ionizing radiation on the secretion of the paracellular pathway in rat submandibular glands (SMGs) and reveal the changes in the tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-4.

Methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control and irradiation groups. The irradiation groups were further divided into 1, 4, and 12 weeks groups after irradiation.

Effect of ischemic preconditioning on radiation damage to the submandibular gland in rats.

To investigate the effects of radiation on rat submandibular glands and the possible protective effects of ischemic preconditioning, the submandibular glands of Wistar rats were subjected to in situ radiation after ischemic preconditioning. The glands were exposed to X-radiation at a single dose of 20 Gy. Ischemic preconditioning was achieved by three min of ischemia and three min of reperfusion, repeated three times before irradiation.

[Pilot study on comprehensive malaria control in Judong Village, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province].

Objective: To explore the working mode of continuous malaria elimination.

Methods: Judong Village in Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, which had the highest record of malaria incidence in the history of Guizhou Province, was selected as a pilot, a comprehensive prevention and control intervention was carried out aiming at the malaria epidemic, transmission and influencing factors, and the effect was evaluated after the intervention.

Results: From 2015 to 2016, through those intensive measures of constructing system, improving environment and health education, the people's awareness of malaria prevention was increased, the people's enthusiasm and initiatives to participate in the prevention and control of malaria were improved in Judong Village.

[Comparison of Malaria Diagnosis between County and Provincial Laboratories in Guizhou Province].

Malaria cases reported by county laboratories were further tested in the provincial laboratory in Guizhou province by using PCR test and microscopy. The consistency between PCR and microscopic results in the provincial laboratory was set as the basis for evaluation of microscopic results in county laboratories. In 89 samples, 24 were identified by PCR to be positive for malaria, among which 15 were infected with P.

[Single-tube Single-run Multiplex PCR Detects Mixed Samples with Four Species of Plasmodium].

Objective: To establish a single-tube single-run multiplex PCR technique that can detect single or mixed samples with four species of Plasmodium.

Methods: Folding primers were designed based on the fast nested PCR. The reaction component concentrations were optimized and the primers were selected based on the annealing temperature.

[Tag primer-nested/ multiplex PCR for detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax].

Objective: To establish a sensitive, simple to use and low noise nested/multiplex PCR for simultaneously detection of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (P.v).

Methods: The tag primer amplification technique, software Primer Premier 5.