Molecular Etiology in Thumb Polydactyly in Mutated GLI3 Mouse Gene.

Sporadic thumb polydactyly with nonfamily inheritance is the most common in clinical work. This study focused on characterization of GLI3 gene function. We constructed the plasmid with p.

Repair of a severe palm injury with anterolateral thigh and ilioinguinal flaps: A case report.

Background: In daily life and work, there are more and more patients with trauma to the hand, which often results in skin and soft tissue defects. Although there are many repair methods, the function and appearance of the fingers will be adversely affected if the repair is inadequate.

Case Summary: In the present report we describe an 18-year-old male patient whose right hand was mangled by a machine.

Residual Symptom Analysis After the Subtotal Anterior and Middle Scalenectomy for Disputed Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Comparison Between Surgical and Untreated Patients.

Objective: There are significant differences in the results on disputed thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) surgery, which reflect that not all patients with disputed TOS are amenable to surgery. It is necessary to find out appropriate indicators for screening of patients who are suitable for surgery. Pain and paresthesia are 2 prominent symptoms of disputed TOS.

Posterior Thigh Flap Pedicled on the Cutaneous Vessels Arising From the Popliteo-posterior Intermediate Artery: A Report of 5 Cases.

Surgical repair of soft tissue defects of the knee and leg remains challenging. Using a case study approach, the anatomy of the popliteo-posterior intermediate cutaneous artery was examined, and a reverse island flap method was developed and implemented. After obtaining informed consent, 5 patients (1 woman, 4 men, age range 31 to 57 years) underwent the experimental use of a reverse island flap with a posterior thigh flap pedicled on the cutaneous vessels arising from the popliteo-posterior intermediate artery to repair soft-tissue defects of the knee and leg.

Burns induced by cupping therapy in a burn center in northeast china.

Unlabelled: Cupping therapy as a curative skill has been developed and applied throughout history. Despite reports of adverse effects, this therapy is considered to be relatively safe with no systemic reviews documenting negative side effects. The aim of this study was to explore methods that avoid the adverse effects sometimes associated with this therapy.

Large heel soft tissue defects managed successfully with reverse medial crural fasciocutaneous flap: a 7-year single-center experience with 21 consecutive cases.

The medial crural fasciocutaneous flap is a reliable cutaneous flap that can be used for soft tissue reconstruction in the extremities. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the application and clinical significance of this surgical technique in the reconstruction of heel soft tissue defects. Twenty-one cases of heel soft tissue defect between March 2005 and March 2012 were included in this study.

Limb salvage surgery following resection of a melanoma: Foot and ankle reconstruction using cutaneous flaps.

Melanomas affect the foot and ankle region and are associated with a poor prognosis. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the functional and oncological outcomes of salvage surgery using cutaneous flaps for soft tissue reconstruction of the foot and ankle following the extended resection of a melanoma. A retrospective review was conducted to evaluate patients who presented with foot melanoma and underwent salvage surgery and defect reconstruction using three types of cutaneous flap (group S) or amputation (group A) between January 1999 and December 2010 at the First Hospital of Jilin University (Changchun, China).

The medial arm pedicled perforator flap: application of phenomenon of one perforator perfusing multiple perforator angiosomes.

Background: The medial arm is an optimal potential donor site for treating skin defects around the elbow. However, whether a reliable pedicled perforator flap could be harvested from the medial arm remains unanswered. The purpose of this study was to report the technique and our results using the medial arm pedicled perforator flaps.

Delineating the vascular territory (perforasome) of a perforator in the lower extremity of the rabbit with four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography.

Background: The anatomy of any particular vascular perforator relative to its vascular territory (perforasome) and flow characteristics is unique and complex. This arterial perforasome study with laboratory rabbits was conducted to assess four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography as an imaging tool for the design of individualized tissue transfers. This study offers clinically relevant information that should improve flap survival.

Reconstruction of severe contracture of the first web space using the reverse posterior interosseous artery flap.

Background: To evaluate the outcome and highlight the operative tips of using the reverse posterior interosseous artery (PIA) flap in the treatment of severe contractures of the first web space.

Methods: From 1985 to 2008, the reverse PIA flaps, which included fasciocutaneous flaps in 25 patients and composite flaps in 2 patients were used to cover skin defects over the first web space after release of severe contractures of the first web space. The severe contracture of the first web space was defined as the distance of less than 2 cm between the interphalangeal joint of the thumb and the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index.

Contact pressures in radiocarpal and triquetrohamate joints after vascularized capitate transposition.

The vascularized capitate transposition has been designed to treat advanced Kienböck disease, in which the necrotic lunate is excised and the vascularized capitate bone graft is proximally shifted into the lunate fossa to reconstruct the radiocarpal joint. Since it notably alters the normal anatomy of the wrist, the anatomical alterations are thought to be responsible for the increased tendency to develop symptomatic arthritis. Clinically, however, more than 1-year follow-up does not show any arthrosis in the reconstructed radiocarpal joint after this procedure.

The anteromedial thigh fasciocutaneous flap pedicled on the supragenicular septocutaneous perforator: application in 11 patients.

Skin defects around the knee remain a challenge for the reconstructive surgeons. Choosing appropriate flaps for coverage is crucial to preserve the knee joint or to restore its function. On the basis of anatomic results in 20 cadaveric specimens, we found a constant supragenicular fasciocutaneous perforator within 3 cm above the adductor tubercle, which arose from the saphenous branch of the descending genicular artery.

Immune responses following mouse peripheral nerve xenotransplantation in rats.

Xenotransplantation offers a potentially unlimited source for tissues and organs for transplantation, but the strong xenoimmune responses pose a major obstacle to its application in the clinic. In this study, we investigate the rejection of mouse peripheral nerve xenografts in rats. Severe intragraft mononuclear cell infiltration, graft distension, and necrosis were detected in the recipients as early as 2 weeks after mouse nerve xenotransplantation.

Free fillet foot flap for salvage of below-knee amputation stump.

Management of extensive bone and soft tissue defects, which occur after severe trauma of lower extremities and always lead to an unacceptable amputation in some cases, continues to challenge reconstructive surgeons. When performing lower extremity amputation, preservation of the knee joint has been put into a higher priority. The benefit of below-knee amputation over above-knee ones concentrates on a more normal gait with less energy expenditure during ambulation when a functioning knee joint is present.

Reimplantation combined with transplantation of transgenic neural stem cells for treatment of brachial plexus root avulsion.

Objective: To explore a new method to treat brachial plexus root avulsion experimentally by reimplantation combined with transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) modified by neurotrophin-3 gene (NT-3).

Methods: The total RNA was extracted from neonatal rat striatum and the NT-3 cDNA was obtained by reverse transcription and amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The NT-3 gene was transferred into NSCs via the pLEGFP-C1, an expression plasmid vectors.

The coverage of skin defects over the foot and ankle using the distally based sural neurocutaneous flaps: experience of 21 cases.

Skin defects over the foot and ankle remain a challenge to plastic surgeons. The distally based sural neurocutaneous flap is a reliable and effective procedure. The authors have performed 21 cases (22 flaps) since 2000.

Coverage of skin defects in spaghetti wrist trauma: application of the reverse posterior interosseous flap and its anatomy.

Background: To introduce the application of reverse posterior interosseous flap in spaghetti wrist trauma.

Methods: From 2003 to July 2005, 12 cases of skin defects over the volar wrist in spaghetti wrist trauma were covered by the reverse posterior interosseous flap. The size of the skin defects ranged from 5 cm x 4 cm to approximately 10 cm x 6 cm when the wrist was in the neutral position.

The reverse posterior interosseous flap and its composite flap: experience with 201 flaps.

Objective: To introduce our experiences of using the reverse posterior interosseous flap and its composite flap.

Methods: In the series of 201 cases, the fasciocutaneous flap was used to cover skin defects over the distal 1/3rd forearm, wrist and hand in 174 cases. The composite flap with the vascularised ulna bone graft was used to reconstruct the thumbs in 11 cases, and with the vascularised tendon graft was used to repair tendon defects with skin defects in 16 cases.

Vascularized capitate transposition for advanced Kienböck disease: application of 40 cases and their anatomy.

Based on anatomic study, the vascularized capitate transposition to replace excised necrotic lunate was designed and applied in 40 cases of advanced Kienböck disease. It includes excision of the necrotic lunate and proximal shift of the vascularized capitate. The blood supply of the transposed capitate is provided by the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery.

What is the implication of scaphoid ring sign in advanced Kienböck's disease? Is it a sign of advanced carpal collapse or rotary scaphoid subluxation?

Objective: To discuss the clinical implication of scaphoid ring sign in Lichtman's X-ray IIIB stage of the lunate avascular necrosis.

Methods: In a series of 17 cases of advanced Kienböck's diseases, carpal height (CH) and carpal height ratio (CHO) were measured in posteroanterior X-ray view (PA) preoperatively, which included seven cases in stage IIIA and 10 cases in stage IIIB. Radioscaphoid angles were also measured in the lateral X-ray view.

The reverse dorsal metacarpal flap: experience with 153 cases.

The authors have performed reverse dorsal metacarpal flaps in 153 cases to cover skin defects over fingers or stumps during the past 15 years. Its indications included acute and chronic skin defects over the second to fifth fingers or stumps. The coverage of the flap ranged from the base of the fingers to the distal interphalangeal joint.

Retrospective study of reverse dorsal metacarpal flap and compound flap: a review of 122 cases.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical application and discuss the operative indication of the reverse dorsal metacarpal flap and its compound flap on the skin defects of hand.

Methods: From 1990 to 2003, we applied the reverse dorsal metacarpal flap and its compound flap to repair soft tissue defects of fingers in 122 cases, which included 90 cases of the reverse metacarpal flap and 32 cases of its compound flaps with tendon grafts, nerve grafts or bone grafts. Based on the follow-up observations, we analyzed the indications of the reverse metacarpal flap and its compound flaps, the postoperative contours, flap colors and textures in comparison to contralateral fingers retrospectively.

Biological effect of velvet antler polypeptides on neural stem cells from embryonic rat brain.

Background: Velvet antler polypeptides (VAPs), which are derived from the antler velvets, have been reported to maintain survival and promote growth and differentiation of neural cells and, especially the development of neural tissues. This study was designed to explore the influence of VAPs on neural stem cells in vitro derived from embryonic rat brain.

Methods: Neural stem cells derived from E12-14 rat brain were isolated, cultured, and expanded for 7 days until neural stem cell aggregations and neurospheres were generated.

Antebrachial reverse island flap with pedicle of posterior interosseous artery: a report of 90 cases.

We report our experiences of 90 cases of the reverse antebrachial flap based on the posterior interosseous artery. In 1985, we found a consistent anastomosis (96%) between the posterior interosseous artery and the anterior interosseous artery at the dorsal side of the ulnar head in an anatomical study. From 1985 to 2000, we used this antebrachial flap to repair soft tissue defects of the hands or wrists, the first web space, or to reconstruct thumbs in 90 cases.