Clinical Inertia and 2-Year Glycaemic Trajectories in Patients with Non-Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To analyse diabetes treatment, treatment change and self-management behaviours in association with 2-year glycaemic trajectories in patients with non-newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese primary care.

Methods: This was an observational, multi-centre, longitudinal, retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of 4690 subjects were extracted from electronic medical records, including serial glycated haemoglobin A (HbA) measurements, antidiabetic medication records and compliance to exercise, diet, medications and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).

Search for clinical predictors of good glycemic control in patients starting or intensifying oral hypoglycemic pharmacological therapy: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Aims: Our aim was to search for clinical predictors of good glycemic control in patients starting or intensifying oral hypoglycemic pharmacological therapy.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort of 499 diabetic subjects was enrolled in this study: patients with newly diagnosed diabetes (NDM group) or poor glycemic control with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) (PDM group). All subjects then started or intensified OADs therapy and followed up for 91 days.

The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes in Asia.

The improvement of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an urgent need in Asia. East Asian T2D patients have distinct characteristics, including relatively low body weight, early impairment of islet beta cell function with reduced insulin secretion and a marked increase in postprandial blood glucose levels. Control of postprandial hyperglycemia and beta cell preservation are key elements of the therapeutic strategy for these patients.

Thyrotrophic status in patients with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is associated with simultaneous or subsequent pituitary hormone deficiencies (PHDs). Although the clinical features of multiple PHDs are well known, the status of the thyrotrophic axis in PSIS has not been thoroughly investigated.The clinical data of 89 PSIS patients and 34 Sheehan syndrome (SS) patients were retrospectively analyzed.

Lixisenatide Improves Glycemic Control in Asian Type 2 Diabetic Patients Inadequately Controlled With Oral Antidiabetic Drugs: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Lixisenatide is a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Its efficacy and safety have been assessed in a series of phase 3 studies included in the GetGoal program. In these studies, lixisenatide was found to be superior to placebo in glycemic control.

Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome caused by heterozygous A317T mutation in thyroid hormone receptor β gene: Report of one Chinese pedigree and review of the literature.

Background: Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (THRS) is a rare disorder with increased concentrations of free thyroxine (FT4) and triiodothyronine (FT3), but normal or slightly increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor β (THRβ) gene are thought to be the main pathogenesis.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to present 1 pedigree of Chinese THRS, summarize their clinical characteristics, and analyze the gene mutation.

Type B insulin resistance syndrome with Scleroderma successfully treated with multiple immune suppressants after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection: a case report.

Background: Type B insulin resistance is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the insulin receptor. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection may play a causative role in the autoimmune diseases.

Case Presentation: Here, we present a rare case of a 48-year old female patient, who had type B insulin resistance with systemic scleroderma and was successfully treated with multiple immune suppressants after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Rare and curable renin-mediated hypertension: a series of six cases and a literature review.

Background: Reninoma is an extremely rare renal tumor characterized by excessive renin secretion causing secondary hypertension and hypokalemia. Reninoma is a benign and highly manageable lesion if it is discovered early and removed surgically.

Methods: We report six cases of reninoma and provide a literature review on this rare disease, highlighting the diagnostic evaluation and follow-up of each patient.

Incidental adrenal enlargement: an overview from a retrospective study in a chinese population.

Aim. To investigate incidental adrenal enlargement clinical characteristics and functional status and analyze functional lesion risk factors. Materials and Methods.

Effectiveness of different waist circumference cut-off values in predicting metabolic syndrome prevalence and risk factors in adults in China.

Objective: To study the effectiveness of waist circumference cut-off values in predicting the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and risk factors in adults in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was condcuted in 14 provinces (autonomous region, municipality) in China. A total of 47,325 adults aged⋝20 years were selected by multistage stratified sampling, and questionnaire survey and physical and clinical examination were conducted among them.

[The clinical characteristics of multi-detector computed tomography of congenital adrenal hyperplasia].

Objective: To explore the imaging features of congenital adrenal cortex hyperplasia (CAH).

Methods: A total of 45 patients clinically confirmed as CAH were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the imaging features and strengthening way of the multi-detector-row Computed tomography.

Results: The imaging features of all the cases presented as following: 25 with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, 6 with unilateral adrenal hyperplasia, 6 with adrenal nodular hyperplasia, 2 with adrenal hyperplasia and unilateral solid cystic lesion, 2 with adrenal hyperplasia and double side real cystic lesion, 1 with adrenal hyperplasia and unilateral cystic changes and 3 with normal adrenal.

[The design and baseline characteristics of a phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin versus placebo in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mainland China].

Objective: To assess the design and the Mainland China subgroup baseline characteristics of the study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin versus placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as monotherapy, add-on to metformin or add-on to pioglitazone.

Methods: This was a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week study comparing alogliptin (ALO, 25 mg, 1/d) versus placebo (PLA) as monotherapy (A), add-on to metformin (B) or add-on to pioglitazone ± metformin (C). The T2DM subjects with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) between 7% and 10% and aged between 18 years and 75 years were enrolled and randomized to the alogliptin group and the placebo group in 1: 1 ratio with 16 weeks treatment.

Efficacy of structured education in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatment.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of structured education in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: In a 16-week open-label randomized controlled study, 1511 T2DM patients with inadequate responses to two or more oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) for >3 months (HbA1c >7.5%) were randomized (1:1) to either an education group (structured diabetes education plus insulin therapy) or a control group (usual care plus insulin therapy).

Palmitate induces autophagy in pancreatic β-cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress and its downstream JNK pathway.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy have both been reported to be associated with lipotoxicity in β-cells, yet the relationship between them has not been fully clarified. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the ER stress-autophagic pathway in β-cells is a downstream pathway activated following saturated fatty acid treatment. Mouse insulinoma (MIN6) β-cells were treated with either palmitate or thapsigargin (TG) with or without various inhibitors.

Telmisartan increases lipoprotein lipase expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha in HepG2 cells.

In addition to their hypotensive properties, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been shown to exert clinical antidyslipidemic effects. The mechanism underlying these ARB lipid metabolic effects remains unclear. Some ARBs, for example, telmisartan, activate peroxisome proliferator-activated activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma).

Glycated albumin may be a choice, but not an alternative marker of glycated hemoglobin for glycemic control assessment in diabetic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: It has been suggested that glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) underestimate the actual glycemic control levels in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, because of anemia and the using of erythropoietin (EPO); it was recommended that glycated albumin (GA) should be an alternative marker. Therefore, the assessment performances of glycemic control were compared between GA and HbA1c in this research by referring to mean plasma glucose (MPG) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients undergoing MHD or not.

Methods: MPG was calculated according to the data registered at enrollment and follow-up 2 months later and corresponding HbA1c, albumin (ALB), GA, etc.

Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin versus metformin up-titration in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: study design and rationale of the vision study.

Background And Aim: Limitations of the currently recommended stepwise treatment pathway for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially the failure of monotherapies to maintain good glycemic control, have prompted use of early, more aggressive combination therapies.The VISION study is designed to explore the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin as an add-on to metformin therapy compared with up-titration of metformin monotherapy in Chinese patients with T2DM.

Methods: VISION, a 24-week, phase 4, prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group study, will include 3312 Chinese T2DM patients aged ≥18 years who are inadequately controlled (6.

Effects of a multivitamin/multimineral supplement on young males with physical overtraining: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded cross-over trial.

Objective: To investigate the effects of vitamin-mineral supplement on young males with physical overtraining.

Methods: Two hundred and forty male Chinese field artillery personnel who undertook large scale and endurance military training and were on ordinary Chinese diet were randomized to receive a multivitamin/multimineral supplement or a placebo for 1 week. After a 1-week wash-out period, a cross-over with 1 week course of a placebo or multivitamin/multimineral supplement was conducted.

Glycemic control among patients in China with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving oral drugs or injectables.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing rapidly among Chinese adults, and limited data are available on T2DM management and the status of glycemic control in China. We assessed the efficacy of oral antidiabetes drugs (OADs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, and insulin for treatment of T2DM across multiple regions in China.

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional survey of outpatients conducted in 606 hospitals across China.

[The safety and effectiveness of once daily detemir in patients with type 2 diabetes previously failing oral agents: the Chinese cohort from SOLVE(TM) observational study].

Objective: Study of Once-daily LeVEmir(®) (SOLVE(TM)) was a 24-week international observational study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of initiating once-daily insulin detemir (Levemir) as add-on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who failed treatment of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OAD).

Methods: The present study was derived from the data of Chinese cohort. A total of 3272 patients with T2DM failing OAD were enrolled in the study.

Efficacy and safety of acarbose chewable tablet in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy positive controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect and safety of HbA1c and glycemic control of acarbose chewable tablets in patients with type 2 diabetic.

Method: A multicentre, randomized, double-blinded, double-dummy, positive controlled clinical trial was conducted. Two hundred thirty-four Chinese patients with type 2 diabetic were enrolled in eight clinical centres, who were divided randomly into the acarbose chewable tablet group (experimental group, n = 116) and the acarbose treatment group (control group, n = 118).

Clinical and genetic analysis of three Chinese patients with steroid 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency.

Steroid 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-RD2) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the SRD5A2 gene. Its clinical features and pathogenesis in Chinese patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the clinical features and genetically analyze the SRD5A2 gene in three Chinese 5α-RD2 patients.

[The baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes initiating insulin detemir : the Chinese cohort from the SOLVE(TM) study].

Objective: To characterize the baseline status of Chinese diabetic patients based on data derived from Chinese cohort from SOLVE(TM) study.

Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes initiating basal insulin detemir at the decision of the physician were eligible for the study. Data on demographics, medical history, glycemic profile and treatment regimen at baseline were collected by physicians.