Assessing foodborne health risks from dietary exposure to antibiotic resistance genes and opportunistic pathogens in three types of vegetables: An in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal digestion.

Foodborne health risks posed by antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and pathogenic bacteria have garnered increasing global attention. However, the patterns of their propagation and reduction, as well as the resulting health risks in the human gastrointestinal tract, remain unknown. We employed leafy vegetables (water spinach), solanaceous vegetables (pepper), and root vegetables (radish) to investigate the propagation and reduction patterns of ARGs and pathogenic bacteria within an in vitro simulated digestion system.

In-situ enrichment of ARGs and their carriers in soil by hydroxamate siderophore: A promising biocontrol approach for source reduction.

Pathogenic microorganisms with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose a serious threat to public health and soil ecology. Although new drugs and available antibacterial materials can kill ARG carriers but accidentally kill beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, the rapid enrichment and separation of ARGs and their carriers from soil is becoming an important strategy for controlling the diffusion of ARGs.

Coordinated responses of rice (Oryza sativa) to the stresses of benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BZT-UVs): Antioxidative system, photosynthetic activity, and metabolic regulation.

Massive use of plastic products has caused their accumulation in soils, releasing large amounts of endogenous plastic additives (e.g., benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers, in short BZT-UVs) into terrestrial ecosystems.

Microplastic inhibits the sorption of trichloroethylene on modified biochar.

Biochar (BC) was used to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) from soil and water phases, and BC modification changed the sorption behavior of pollutants. Microplastics are emerging pollutants in the soil and water phases. Whether microplastics can affect the sorption of TCE by modified BC is not clear.

[Effects of Modified Biochar-Supported Zero-Valent Iron on the Removal of Trichloroethylene and Responses of Microbial Community in Soil].

Trichloroethylene is a typical organic contaminant that has widely existed in industry sites and groundwater. Biochar-supported zero-valent iron material has been used to remove trichloroethylene in groundwater; however, it could affect the microbial communities in aquifer soil, leading to changes in the environmental behavior of trichloroethylene. In this study, biochar was prepared under oxygen-limited conditions and modified by NaOH and HNO agents.

Co-transformation of HMs-PAHs in rhizosphere soils and adaptive responses of rhizobacteria during whole growth period of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

This study investigated the transformations of heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rhizosphere soils and adaptive responses of rhizobacterial community under the real field conditions during four growth stages (e.g., greening, tillering, heading, and maturity) of early rice (Zhongjiazao 17) and late rice (Zhongyou 9918) in Jiangshe village (JSV) and Yangji village (YJV).

Diffusion and enrichment of high-risk antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via the transmission chain (mulberry leave, guts and feces of silkworm, and soil) in an ecological restoration area of manganese mining, China: Role of heavy metals.

This study investigated the diffusion and enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogens via the transmission chain (mulberry leaves - silkworm guts - silkworm feces - soil) near a manganese mine restoration area (RA) and control area (CA, away from RA). Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs was testified by an IncP a-type broad host range plasmid RP4 harboring ARGs (tetA) and conjugative genes (e.g.

Effects of different modifiers on the sorption and structural properties of biochar derived from wheat stalk.

Nitrobenzene is a widespread contaminant in water. Biochar (BC) is a promising material for removing organic pollutants, but the adsorption capacity of pristine BC is low. Chemical modification is often used to improve the adsorption performance, but information on the sorption of nitrobenzene by modified BC is rare.

Signal recognition method based on Mel frequency cepstral coefficients and fast dynamic time warping for optical fiber perimeter defense systems.

To improve the accuracy of signal recognition in optical fiber perimeter defense systems, a method based on Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and a fast dynamic time warping (FastDTW) algorithm is proposed. Four kinds of sensing signals are acquired by employing an in-line Sagnac interferometer system. MFCC features of the signals are extracted.

Biochar induced changes of soil dissolved organic matter: The release and adsorption of dissolved organic matter by biochar and soil.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important organic matter fraction that affects many biological and chemical processes in soil. Biochar can change soil DOM while the effects were paradoxical, and contributions of biochar to soil DOM was not clear yet. In this study, excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy was applied to determine the biochar-induced changes of DOM composition.

Mixed-surfactant-enhanced phytoremediation of PAHs in soil: Bioavailability of PAHs and responses of microbial community structure.

The present study was conducted to explore the mechanisms of surfactant-enhanced phytoremediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), focusing on the bioavailability of PAHs and microbial diversity. We investigated the remediation efficiencies of phenanthrene and pyrene after the addition of mixed surfactants (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and Tween 80) of different ratios (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) at the concentration of 100 mg/kg to soils cultured with ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.).

The role of artificial root exudate components in facilitating the degradation of pyrene in soil.

Root exudates play an important role in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by organic pollutants, but how root exudate components affect the remediation process is not well understood. In this study, we explored the effects and mechanisms of the major root exudates, including glucose, organic acids, and serine, in the rhizoremediation of pyrene-contaminated soil. The results showed that glucose increased the degradation of pyrene (54.

Contamination of phthalate esters, organochlorine pesticides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in agricultural soils from the Yangtze River Delta of China.

To reveal the pollution status associated with rapid urbanization and economic growth, extensive areas of agricultural soils (approximately 45,800 km(2)) in the Yangtze River Delta of China were investigated with respect to selected endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs), including phthalate esters (PAEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The residues of sum of 15 PAEs, sum of 15 OCPs and sum of 13 PBDEs were in the range of 167-9370 ng/g, 1.0-3520 ng/g, and <1.

[Impacts of Biochar Input on Mineralization of Native Soil Organic Carbon].

Since the biochar was applied in soil, its function in carbon sink had become a research hotspot recently. However, the present studies showed that its function in carbon sink remained controversial and the interaction between biochar and soil organic carbon remained to be investigated. So our study used paddy soil (C3 soil) as the experimental soil, and added washed (CS) or unwashed (CN) corn stalk (C4 crop).