Antibiofilm activity of Plumbagin against Staphylococcus aureus.

In chronic infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm is a major virulence factor. In Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, bacteria are embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances and are highly tolerant to antimicrobial drugs. However, the lack of effective solutions to inhibit biofilm formation remains a challenge, and the mechanism of inhibition of biofilm formation targeting extracellular polymeric substances is unclear.

Natural products targeting AMPK signaling pathway therapy, diabetes mellitus and its complications.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) ranks among the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases, characterized primarily by a persistent elevation in blood glucose levels. This condition typically stems from either insufficient insulin secretion or a functional defect in the insulin itself. Clinically, diabetes is primarily classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with T2DM comprising nearly 90% of all diagnosed cases.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing in a Family with Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by the abnormal development of neural crests due to genetic defects and is difficult to treat. Patients have a characteristic phenotype with neurofibromas as the main features in different forms, which are accompanied by multisystem involvement. The clinical symptoms of this disease vary greatly, making the treatment more difficult.

Causal role of plasma liposome in diabetic retinopathy: mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Background: Research indicates that there may be an association between plasma lipidome levels and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients. However, the potential causality of this relationship is yet to be determined. To investigate this matter further, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to comprehensively assess the causality between lipidome levels and DR.

Exploring the genetic correlation and causal relationships between breast cancer and meningioma using bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Previous studies have indicated a significantly higher prevalence of breast cancer (BC) among female patients with meningioma compared to the general female population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the causal relationship between BC and meningioma at the genetic level. Genetic instrumental variables (IVs) for BC were identified from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), the Discovery Biology and Risk of Inherited Variants in Breast Cancer Consortium (DRIVE), the Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study (iCOGS), and 11 other BC genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

A novel optimization method for hazardous materials vehicle routing with temperature-based time windows.

As a concrete achievement of sharing economy, sharing intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) have emerged and developed in recent years. Meanwhile, high temperature is one of the essential factors in routing optimal problems for vehicles with hazardous material (hazmat). Therefore, to address the above issue, a variant of the hazmat vehicle routing problem of sharing IBCs is proposed.

Maternal high-fat diet alters the transcriptional rhythm in white adipose tissue of adult offspring.

A maternal high-fat diet (HFD) deteriorates the long-term metabolic health of offspring. Circadian rhythms are crucial for regulating metabolism. However, the impact of maternal HFD on the circadian clock in white adipose tissue (WAT) remains unexplored.

Mechanism and biodegradability of melanoidins formed in hydrothermal process: From model compounds to food waste.

Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) is used to increase the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of food waste (FW). The formation of melanoidins will seriously affect the microbial activity and methane production during anaerobic digestion (AD). Based on spectroscopic methods, similarities and heterogeneity of melanoidins from different sources were investigated, and the wide peak band (260-350 nm) in the ultraviolet region and the differences of amide groups of fructose-amino acid system, fructose-casein system and FW system were revealed.

Exosomes derived from cardiac fibroblasts with Ang-II stimulation provoke myocardial hypertrophy via miR-15b-5p/PTEN-L axis.

This study aimed to examine the impact of exosomes derived from Ang II-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) on myocardial hypertrophy. Neonatal rat CFs were isolated and identified using Vimentin immunofluorescence. Following Ang II stimulation, exosomes were collected, characterized, and subjected to miRNA sequencing.

Association Between Sleep Duration and Low Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Short and long sleep duration have been linked with adverse health outcomes. However, it is unclear if sleep duration affects the risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis. We systematically reviewed evidence examining the association between short and long sleep with BMD/osteoporosis.

A novel algorithm for the detection of microsatellite instability in endometrial cancer using next‑generation sequencing data.

The molecular-based detection of microsatellite instability (MSI) in endometrial cancer is complex, due to the low sensitivity of PCR and a lack of standardization in next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. In the present study, sequenced data were obtained from an NGS panel following the addition of five commonly used microsatellite loci. Subsequently, a novel algorithm, namely MSIPeak, was developed for data analysis.

A liver CT based nomogram to preoperatively predict lung metastasis secondary to hepatic alveolar echinococcosis.

Purpose: To develop a nomogram based on liver CT and clinical features to preoperatively predict lung metastasis (LM) secondary to hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE).

Methods: A total of 291 consecutive HAE patients from Institution A undergoing preoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and chest unenhanced CT were retrospectively reviewed, and were randomly divided into the training and internal validation sets at the 7:3 ratio. 82 consecutive patients from Institution B were enrolled as an external validation set.

Cryogenic nonlinear microscopy of high-Q metasurfaces coupled with transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers.

Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) demonstrate plenty of unique properties due to the band structure. Symmetry breaking brings second-order susceptibility to meaningful values resulting in the enhancement of corresponding nonlinear effects. Cooling the TMDC films to cryogenic temperatures leads to the emergence of two distinct photoluminescence peaks caused by the exciton and trion formation.

Elucidating synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis of plastics and paper in municipal solid waste: Thermal behavior and product characteristics.

Plastics and paper are common components of municipal solid waste (MSW), making an in-depth understanding of their interactions essential for MSW thermal conversion. In this study, the co-pyrolysis behavior of plastic and paper was investigated. Firstly, the thermal decomposition characteristics were analyzed.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in obstetrical patients: a meta-analysis.

Critically acute and ill and Obstetrical patients constitute a unique clinical population with a high mortality rate. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is gradually being used in obstetrical acute and critically ill patients and has shown great advantages. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese CNKI Database, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from the earliest available date to March 15, 2024, to obtain relevant studies on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in obstetric patients.

Preimplantation genetic testing for Cockayne syndrome with a novel ERCC6 variant in a Chinese family.

Background: Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare, multisystem, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cachectic dwarfism, nervous system abnormalities, and premature aging. Mutations in the ERCC6 and ERCC8 genes are the predominant causes of Cockayne syndrome, with ERCC6 gene mutations present in approximately 75% of cases.

Methods: Trio-based whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) was employed to identify potential pathogenic variants associated with CS.

Delivery room resuscitation and short-term outcomes in very preterm infants: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China.

Objective: To explore the risk factors of delivery room (DR) resuscitation and assess the association of DR resuscitation with neonatal outcomes in very preterm infants (VPIs).

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study included VPIs with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks born between January, 2022 and June, 2023 and admitted to neonatal intensive care units of six tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen within 24 h after birth. They were divided into routine care group, positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) group, and endotracheal intubation (ETT) group based on the highest intensity of resuscitation received at birth.

Licoricesaponin G2 ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting TNF-α signaling pathway and inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) emerges as a significant pulmonary sequelae in the convalescent phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with current strategies neither specifically preventive nor therapeutic. Licoricesaponin G2 (LG2) displays a spectrum of natural activities, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, and has been effectively used in treating various respiratory conditions. However, the potential protective effects of LG2 against PF remain underexplored.

Identification of a pathogenic variant and pre-implantation genetic testing for a Chinese family affected with split-hand/foot malformation.

Split-hand/foot malformation is a serious congenital limb malformation characterized by syndactyly and underdevelopment of the phalanges and metatarsals. In this study, we reported a case of a fetus with hand-foot cleft deformity. Whole exome and Sanger sequencing were used to filter out candidate gene mutation sites and provide pre-implantation genetic testing(PGT) for family members.