Scalable colored Janus fabric scheme for dynamic thermal management.

The art of passive thermal management lies in effectively mitigating heat stress by manipulating the optical spectra of target objects. However, a significant obstacle remains in finding a structure that can seamlessly adapt to diverse thermal environments. In response to this challenge, we posit that Janus fabrics have unique advantages for multi-scene applications when carefully engineered.

Echinacoside Alleviates UVB Irradiation-Mediated Skin Damage via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Apoptosis.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation has been known to cause skin damage, which is associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Echinacoside is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from , which exhibits strong antioxidant activity. In this study, we evaluate the photoprotective effect of echinacoside on UVB-induced skin damage and explore the potential molecular mechanism.

Bioequivalence and food effect study of two zaltoprofen preparations in healthy Chinese volunteers .

Objective: Zaltoprofen, a propionic acid derivative of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on inflammatory pain. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic parameters of zaltoprofen capsule (trial preparation, T) and tablet (reference preparation, R), and to assess the relative bioequivalence of two zaltoprofen preparations.

Materials And Methods: In this open-label, randomized, crossover, two-state, four-period study, 24 healthy Chinese volunteers were randomized to receive a single oral dose of zaltoprofen capsule/tablet (80 mg) under fasting and fed state.

Synthesis of a novel adamantyl nitroxide derivative with potent anti-hepatoma activity in vitro and in vivo.

In this study, a novel adamantyl nitroxide derivative was synthesized and its antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo were investigated. The adamantyl nitroxide derivative 4 displayed a potent anticancer activity against all the tested human hepatoma cells, especially with IC50 of 68.1 μM in Bel-7404 cells, compared to the positive control 5-FU (IC50=607.

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis by Suppressing TGF-β1-Induced Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition.

Objective: Renal fibrosis is the common pathological foundation of many chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) can preserve renal function by inhibiting the progression of renal fibrosis and the potential mechanisms.

Methods: Renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) performed on 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice.

Safflower yellow B suppresses HepG2 cell injury induced by oxidative stress through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. Safflower yellow B (SYB) has been reported to protect the brain against damage induced by oxidative stress; however, whether SYB can also protect hepatocytes from oxidative stress remains unknown. In the present study, to determine whether pre-treatment with SYB reduces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, we investigated H2O2-induced oxidative damage to HepG2 cells treated with or without SYB.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability in healthy Chinese volunteers of a novel rabeprazole sterile powder formulation for injection.

Rabeprazole sterile powder for injection (RSPI) is a new formulation, compared with rabeprazole enteric coated tablets. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability of RSPI in healthy Chinese volunteers. Pharmacokinetic studies included an ascending single dose of 10, 20, 40 mg, and a multiple doses of 20 mg.

Application of a liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method to a urinary excretion study of rabeprazole and two of its metabolites in healthy human urine.

To study urinary excretion properties of rabeprazole and two of its metabolites, i.e. rabeprazole thioether and desmethyl rabeprazole thioether in human urine, a sensitive, selective, accurate and precise method for the quantification of rabeprazole and two of its metabolites using a liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method has been developed and validated.

Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of triflusal and its major active metabolite, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid, in healthy subjects.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of triflusal and its major active metabolite, 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethyl benzoic acid (HTB), following a single oral dose of 900 mg in healthy subjects under fed and fasting conditions.

Methods: The study participants (n=12) were randomized to receive one 900 mg triflusal capsule in a fasting condition (no food for 12 hours) or a fed condition (after a high-fat meal); after a 2-week washout period, participants received the same dose of triflusal capsule under the converse condition. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin 6.

High performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of cinepazide maleate and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.

A simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed and validated to quantify cinepazide maleate, a calcium blocker, in rat plasma. Cinepazide maleate and Tinidazole (internal standard) have been extracted by a simple liquid-liquid extraction before injection into chromatographic system. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a reversed phase C18 column with a mobile phase consisted of a water mixture of 10mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH=4.

Synergistic efficacy of meropenem and rifampicin in a murine model of sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii becomes an increasing challenge due to the overuse of antibiotics. Combination therapies are considered as effective options to overcome this matter. The present study was to investigate the synergistic activity of meropenem combined with other antibiotics in vitro and in vivo.

The effect of lansoprazole, an OCT inhibitor, on metformin pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects.

Purpose: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease is common in patients with type 2 diabetes. A common treatment is the co-administration of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and metformin. To date, however, the effects of co-administration of PPIs, which inhibit organic cation transporter (OCT) activity, on the action of metformin (a well-known substrate of OCTs) have not been clearly demonstrated.

Impact on L-carnitine Homeostasis of Short-term Treatment with the Pivalate Prodrug Tenofovir Dipivoxil.

Pivalate-generating prodrugs have been suggested to cause clinically significant hypocarnitinaemia. Tenofovir dipivoxil, a novel ester prodrug of tenofovir, can be used for treatment for hepatitis B and HIV infection and it was necessary to evaluate the effect of its treatment on carnitine homeostasis. We sought to investigate the effect of Class 1 drug tenofovir dipivoxil on endogenous L-carnitine level during a 72-hr test in healthy Chinese volunteers and to establish a suitable dose of L-carnitine nutritional supplement for patients who were administered short-term tenofovir dipivoxil tablets for treatment for hepatitis B and herpes simplex virus infection.

Application of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion studies of brazilin in rats.

Brazilin is an important constituent of Caesalpinia sappan L., and has several bioactivities. In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of brazilin in rat plasma, urine, feces and tissues (brain, heart, liver, lung and kidney and spleen).

Effects of amlodipine on the oral bioavailability of cephalexin and cefuroxime axetil in healthy volunteers.

In this study, the authors compared the effects of amlodipine (AML) on the bioavailability of cephalexin (LEX) and cefuroxime axetil (CXM). Twenty-four healthy men were randomized to 4 treatments according to a crossover design with a 14-day washout. After an overnight fast, they were administered orally LEX 500 mg alone, LEX 500 mg 2 hours after oral administration of AML 5 mg, CXM 500 mg alone, and CXM 500 mg 2 hours after oral administration of AML 5 mg.

High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of felotaxel, a novel anti-cancer drug, in rat plasma and in human plasma and urine.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of a new derivative of docetaxel, felotaxel, in rat plasma and human plasma and urine. The separation of felotaxel was performed on a Dikma C18 column with 0.2% formic acid and acetonitrile (50:50) as the mobile phase.

Relative bioavailability study of a novel prodrug of tenofovir, tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate, in healthy male fasted volunteers.

Background And Objective: Tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (9-[(R)-2-[[bis (pivaloyloxymethoxy) phosphinoyl] methoxy] propyl] adenine fumarate) is a novel ester prodrug of tenofovir. It has been developed as an anti-hepatitis B virus clinical candidate. The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of tenofovir dipivoxil fumarate (test) and the commercially available tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Viread®, reference).

In vitro assessment of cytochrome P450 inhibition and induction potential of felotaxel (SHR110008).

The purpose of this study was to assess the potential inhibitory and inductive effects of felotaxel on cytochrome P450 isozymes in vitro. The inhibitory effects of felotaxel on various CYP isozymes were determined in human liver microsomes. In addition, the ability of felotaxel to induce CYP enzymes in cultured human hepatocytes was evaluated.

Application of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion studies of felotaxel (SHR110008) in tumor-bearing mice.

Felotaxel (SHR110008), currently under clinical investigation in phase I trial, is a new effective taxane with greater anticancer activity and less toxicity than docetaxel. Pharmacokinetic studies in animal models are the important components in clinical development of this agent. In this study, a rapid and sensitive analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of felotaxel in tumor-bearing mice plasma, urine, feces and tissues (brain, heart, liver, lung and kidney and tumor).

Preclinical pharmacokinetic analysis of felotaxel (SHR110008), a novel derivative of docetaxel, in rats and its protein binding ability in vitro.

Felotaxel (SHR110008), currently under clinical investigation in phase I trial, is a new taxane with potent antitumor effects. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profiles of felotaxel in rats and the protein binding in plasma. Data were collated from several preclinical investigations, where the plasma pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of felotaxel were assessed after a single intravenous (i.

The effect of staggered administration of zinc sulfate on the pharmacokinetics of oral cephalexin.

Aims: To investigate the effect of zinc sulfate on pharmacokinetics of cephalexin when administered concurrently or at strategically spaced dosing times designed to avoid the potential interaction in healthy volunteers.

Methods: In this study, all subjects (n= 12) were randomized to receive the following four treatments, separated by a wash-out period of 7 days: cephalexin 500mg alone, concomitantly with zinc 250mg, 3h after zinc 250mg or 3h before zinc 250mg.

Results: All subjects completed the study safely.

Neuroprotective effect of osthole on MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells via inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production.

Background: The 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)), an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, has been widely used as a neurotoxin because it causes a severe Parkinson's disease-like syndrome accompanied by increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic death. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of osthole, a coumarin compound extracted from the plant-derived medicine Cnidium monnieri, on MPP(+)-induced cytotoxicity in cultured rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.

Methods: PC12 cells were treated with MPP(+) 2h after treated with different concentrations of osthole.

1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-carbolin-2-ium-3-carboxyl-ate.

The title compound, C(13)H(14)N(2)O(2), is a natural product isolated from Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea). The benzene ring and pyrrole rings display planar conformations and the piperidine ring has a half-chair conformation.