ECMO for bridging lung transplantation.

Background: With the shift in donor lung allocation from blood type and waiting order to the use of the lung allocation score (LAS) system, there are increasingly more cases of ECMO bridging lung transplantation. However, there are still some problems in case selection, implementation, and management.

Methods: We analyzed and summarized a series of data on ECMO bridging lung transplantation through an extensive literature review.

Natural endogenous material-based vehicles for delivery of macromolecular drugs.

Natural endogenous materials (NEMs), such as cell and cell derivatives, polysaccharide, protein and peptide, and nucleic acid-derived vectors, often exhibit biocompatibility, biodegradability and natural homing ability, which can minimize adverse reactions in vivo and have the potential to improve drug delivery efficacy. Currently, a variety of drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on NEMs have been constructed for macromolecules to address the challenges posed by their inherent large size, intricate structure, low permeability, and susceptibility to harsh environments. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of various delivery strategies that predominantly utilize NEMs as carriers for macromolecular delivery.

GM-CSF engages multiple signaling pathways to enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in human monocytes during infection.

The proinflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is required for host defense against a wide range of pathogens. We previously found that GM-CSF enhances inflammatory cytokine production in murine monocytes and is required for control of the intracellular bacterial pathogen . It is unclear whether GM-CSF similarly augments cytokine production in human monocytes during bacterial infection.

Novel Use of Motor-Evoked Potential Monitoring During Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Soft-Tissue Cryoablation: A Case Report.

Motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring is an electrophysiologic technique useful for testing peripheral motor nerve integrity during cryoablation cases with risk of nerve injury. Previously, neuromonitoring within the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suite for cryoablation has not been performed as magnetic needles are used which could cause magnetic field interactions with neuromonitoring leads. We present the first report of a patient who underwent MEP monitoring during MRI-guided cryoablation of a vascular malformation adjacent to the brachial plexus.

Diaci v3.0: chromosome-level assembly, de novo transcriptome, and manual annotation of Diaphorina citri, insect vector of Huanglongbing.

Background: Diaphorina citri is an insect vector of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas), the gram-negative bacterial pathogen associated with citrus greening disease. Control measures rely on pesticides with negative impacts on the environment, natural ecosystems, and human and animal health. In contrast, gene-targeting methods have the potential to specifically target the vector species and/or reduce pathogen transmission.

Effectiveness of a large language model for clinical information retrieval regarding shoulder arthroplasty.

Purpose: To determine the scope and accuracy of medical information provided by ChatGPT-4 in response to clinical queries concerning total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), and to compare these results to those of the Google search engine.

Methods: A patient-replicated query for 'total shoulder replacement' was performed using both Google Web Search (the most frequently used search engine worldwide) and ChatGPT-4. The top 10 frequently asked questions (FAQs), answers, and associated sources were extracted.

Pentosan polysulfate sodium maculopathy: Final analysis of a prospective cohort, updated review, and association with inflammatory bowel disease.

Pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) maculopathy is a recently described condition of macular toxicity. We report the prevalence (15 %), the clinical characteristics, and the multimodal imaging (MMI) features of PPS maculopathy based on a final prospective analysis of a cohort of 154 subjects and highlight the association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, we summarize the most recent and relevant literature on PPS maculopathy.

Influence of coronal lumbar Cobb angle and surgical level on short-segment lumbar surgery outcomes in degenerative scoliosis.

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between surgical levels and coronal deformity to identify risk factors for failing to achieve a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) following short-segment isolated decompression or fusion surgery in patients with degenerative scoliosis (DS) and concurrent lumbar canal stenosis (LCS), without severe sagittal deformity malalignment.

Methods: Patients with degenerative scoliosis who underwent 1- or 2-level lumbar isolated decompression or fusion surgery were included. Surgical level was labeled as "Cobb-related" when decompression or surgical levels spanned or were between end vertebrae, and "outside" when the operative levels did not include the end vertebrae.

Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors Participating in Early-Phase Clinical Trials.

Purpose: Financial toxicity (FT) adversely influences patient quality of life and is a barrier to clinical trial enrollment. Early-phase clinical trials (EPCTs) recruit patients who may have high baseline FT and require additional visits and procedures, potentially increasing FT.

Methods: In this prospective survey study, we sought to assess FT at baseline and after 2 months among patients with advanced solid malignancies participating in EPCTs.

Does Approach Matter? Comparison of Early Postoperative Life-threatening Complications in Elderly Patients With Multilevel Cervical Stenosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Summary Of Background Data: The optimal surgical approach for multilevel cervical stenosis in elderly patients is controversial because of the risk of life-threatening complication.

Objective: To compare life-threatening early complication rates between ≥3 levels anterior and posterior cervical surgery in elderly patients.

Topical mupirocin treatment reduces interferon and myeloid signatures in cutaneous lupus erythematous lesions through targeting of Staphylococcus species.

Objective: Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an inflammatory skin manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Type I interferons (IFNs) promote inflammatory responses and are elevated in CLE lesions. We recently reported that CLE lesions are frequently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus (S.

HRK downregulation and augmented BCL-xL binding to BAK confer apoptotic protection to therapy-induced senescent melanoma cells.

Senescent cells are commonly detected in tumors after chemo and radiotherapy, leading to a characteristic cellular phenotype that resists apoptotic cell death. In this study, we used multiple melanoma cell lines, molecular markers, and therapies to investigate the key role of the BCL-2 family proteins in the survival of senescent cells. We first used BH3 profiling to assess changes in apoptotic priming upon senescence induction.

[Research on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with chronic myeloid leukemia in the blast phase].

To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with chronic myeloid leukemia in the blast phase (CML-BP) . The clinical characteristics, treatment measures, and survival outcomes of 28 children with CML-BP were analyzed in our hospital from January 2008 to November 2022. The male to female ratio of the 28 children with CML-BP was 1.

Additive manufacturing to fight cancer: Current Applications and Future Directions.

3D printing has emerged as a powerful tool demonstrating effectiveness in early screening and targeted delivery for various types of tumors. Although the applications of additive manufacturing for cancer are widespread, the issues of scaling up, quality control and specificity remain. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the current landscape of use of additive manufacturing in cancer diagnostics and treatment.

Dynamic metabolic modeling of ATP allocation during viral infection.

Viral pathogens, like SARS-CoV-2, hijack the host's macromolecular production machinery, imposing an energetic burden that is distributed across cellular metabolism. To explore the dynamic metabolic tension between the host's survival and viral replication, we developed a computational framework that uses genome-scale models to perform dynamic Flux Balance Analysis of human cell metabolism during virus infections. Relative to previous models, our framework addresses the physiology of viral infections of non-proliferating host cells through two new features.

CARMIL1-AA selectively inhibits macropinocytosis while sparing autophagy.

Macropinocytosis is reported to fuel tumor growth and drug resistance by allowing cancer cells to scavenge extracellular macromolecules. However, accurately defining the role of macropinocytosis in cancer depends on our ability to selectively block this process. 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA) is widely used to inhibit macropinocytosis but affects multiple Na/H exchangers (NHE) that regulate cytoplasmic and organellar pH.

Photoelectron-Promoted Sulfate Reduction for Heavy Metal Removal without Organic Carbon Addition.

Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRMs) show promise for heavy metal removal from contaminated environments, but their scalability is limited by reliance on organic carbon, sludge formation, and CO emissions. This study investigates using photoelectrons from biogenic (Bio-ZnS) and abiogenic (Abio-ZnS) sphalerite nanoparticles to enhance the activity of G20 (G20) for sulfate reduction and lead removal without organic substrates. Both Abio-ZnS and Bio-ZnS NPs promote sulfate reduction and energy production in G20 cells under illumination without the addition of organic substrates, with Bio-ZnS achieving 1.

Understanding the beliefs, motivations and perceived barriers of physiotherapists toward career development and related post-graduate training opportunities: a qualitative study.

Background: In light of impending physiotherapy workforce shortages in Australia and updates to career progression pathways for physiotherapists internationally, it is important to understand the beliefs and considerations that underpin decisions to pursue career development opportunities from the perspective of physiotherapists.

Purpose: To investigate physiotherapists' beliefs, motivations and perceived barriers toward career development opportunities, and explore influences which impact the decisions regarding whether and how to undertake career development in physiotherapy.

Methods: Qualitative study using one-on-one semi-structured interviews.

Systematic Review of Studies Investigating Hospital Readmissions in Pediatric Oncology.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence on hospital readmissions among pediatric oncology patients, focusing on the indications, risk factors, and proposed strategies to prevent readmissions.

Method: The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases including Embase, Medline, Scopus, Mendeley, and Google Scholar were searched.

Critical radicle length window governing loss of dehydration tolerance in germinated Perilla seeds: insights from physiological and transcriptomic analyses.

Background: Perilla (Perilla frutescens L. Britt.) is an important oilseed and medicinal crop that frequently faces seasonal drought stress during seed germination, leading to a loss of dehydration tolerance (DT), which affects seed emergence and significantly reduces yield.

Construction and evaluation of a model for efficient identification of photothermal sensitivity of tobacco cultivars based on agronomic traits.

The photothermal sensitivity of tobacco refers to the degree to which tobacco responds to changes in light and temperature conditions in its growth environment, which is crucial for determining the planting area of cultivars and improving tobacco yield and quality. In order to accurately and effectively evaluate the photothermal sensitivity of tobacco cultivars, this study selected five cultivars and their hybrid combinations with significant differences planted under different ecological conditions from 2021 to 2022 as materials. The experiment was conducted in two locations with significant differences in temperature and light.