2023 International Evidence-Based Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Guideline Update: Insights From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Elevated Clinical Cardiovascular Disease in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent female endocrinopathy. Although increased cardiovascular risk factors are well established for the syndrome, PCOS remains overlooked within the realm of cardiology. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the risk of clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in women with PCOS to inform the 2023 International Evidence-Based PCOS Guideline.

How effective are interventions in optimizing workplace mental health and well-being? A scoping review of reviews and evidence map.

Objectives: Mental well-being is critical to quality of life. Workplace mental well-being is crucial to ensure employee health, satisfaction, and performance. Mental ill-health is a global challenge, costing workplaces $17 billion per year.

Feasibility of national living guideline methods: The Australian Stroke Guidelines.

Objective: Maintaining clinical guideline currency has been one challenge to traditional guideline development. This paper describes the methods used to maintain a large national guideline for stroke management.

Study Design And Setting: The Australian Stroke Clinical Guidelines are developed to meet Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) standards.

Tools to facilitate communication during physician-patient consultations in cancer care: An overview of systematic reviews.

Tools have been developed to facilitate communication and support information exchange between people diagnosed with cancer and their physicians. Patient-reported outcome measures, question prompt lists, patient-held records, tape recordings of consultations, decision aids, and survivorship care plans have all been promoted as potential tools, and there is extensive literature exploring their impact on patient outcomes. Eleven systematic reviews of studies evaluating tools to facilitate patient-physician communication were reviewed and summarized in this overview of systematic reviews.

The currency, completeness and quality of systematic reviews of acute management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A comprehensive evidence map.

Objective: To appraise the currency, completeness and quality of evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) of acute management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: We conducted comprehensive searches to March 2016 for published, English-language SRs and RCTs of acute management of moderate to severe TBI. Systematic reviews and RCTs were grouped under 12 broad intervention categories.

Interventions for managing skeletal muscle spasticity following traumatic brain injury.

Background: Skeletal muscle spasticity is a major physical complication resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can lead to muscle contracture, joint stiffness, reduced range of movement, broken skin and pain. Treatments for spasticity include a range of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, often used in combination. Management of spasticity following TBI varies from other clinical populations because of the added complexity of behavioural and cognitive issues associated with TBI.

Management of Spasticity in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Evaluation of Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Introduction: Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in development of spasticity, which adversely affects function and quality of life. Given the foundation of optimal clinical practice is use of the best available evidence, we aimed to identify, describe, and evaluate methodological quality of evidence-based spasticity clinical practice guidelines (CPGs).

Methods: A comprehensive search for CPGs encompassed electronic databases and online sources.

The experience of discharge for patients with an acquired brain injury from the inpatient to the community setting: A qualitative review.

Background: Discharge planning for patients with an acquired brain injury (ABI) is considered best practice for assisting the patient and caregiver to successfully transition from hospital to home and is complex because of the long-term care and support needs of the patient. This review aimed to describe and synthesize the perspectives of patients with ABI and their family/caregivers on the transition from hospital to home to better understand opportunities to optimize the process.

Methods: Electronic medical databases (n = 5) and grey literature published between January-May 2015 were searched to identify qualitative studies on the experience of transition from the hospital to home setting following ABI.

Pharmacological interventions in traumatic brain injury: Can we rely on systematic reviews for evidence?

Introduction: Providing current, reliable and evidence based information for clinicians and researchers in a synthesised and summarised way can be challenging particularly in the area of traumatic brain injury where a vast number of reviews exists. These reviews vary in their methodological quality and are scattered across varying sources. In this paper, we present an overview of systematic reviews that evaluate the pharmacological interventions in traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Quality of guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury can aid in optimizing function, independence, and quality of life by addressing impairments in attention, executive function, cognitive communication, and memory. This study aimed to identify and evaluate the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines for cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.

Methods: Systematic searching of databases and Web sites was undertaken between January and March 2012 to identify freely available, English language clinical practice guidelines from 2002 onward.

Non-surgical interventions for the management of type 2 dens fractures: a systematic review.

Background: Non-surgical immobilization strategies for type 2 odontoid fractures vary considerably, with some surgeons preferring rigid collars, halothoracic bracing or the Minerva brace. Choice of device should be informed by the effectiveness in achieving union, whilst minimizing mortality and complications.

Objectives: Perform a systematic review evaluating the efficacy of non-surgical interventions for type 2 odontoid fractures.

Safety and efficacy of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis following blunt head injury: a systematic review.

Background: Patients with blunt head injury are at high risk of venous thromboembolism. However, pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis (PTP) may cause progression of intracranial hemorrhage, and clinicians must often weigh up the risks and benefits. This review aimed to determine whether adding PTP to mechanical prophylaxis confers net benefit or harm and the optimal timing, dose, and agent for PTP in patients with blunt head injury.

Review article: Prehospital fluid management in traumatic brain injury.

The early management of patients who have sustained traumatic brain injury is aimed at preventing secondary brain injury through avoidance of cerebral hypoxia and hypoperfusion. Especially in hypotensive patients, it has been postulated that hypertonic crystalloids and colloids might support mean arterial pressure more effectively by expanding intravascular volume without causing problematic cerebral oedema. We conducted a systematic review to investigate if hypertonic saline or colloids result in better outcomes than isotonic crystalloid solutions, as well as to determine the safety of minimal volume resuscitation, or delayed versus immediate fluid resuscitation during prehospital care for patients with traumatic brain injury.