Evaluation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Acuity 360 Telemedicine Vision Screening System.

Purpose: Our aim is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Acuity 360 telemedicine system, as compared to in-person clinic examination, in identifying clinically significant eye disease. Acuity 360 is a combination of commercially available ocular imaging devices used together to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the structures and diseases of the eye.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of consecutively examined patients where 19 remote examiners analyzed 80 patients using Acuity 360 images.

Ultra-processed food intake in toddlerhood and mid-childhood in the UK: cross sectional and longitudinal perspectives.

Purpose: (i) Characterize ultra-processed food (UPF) intakes in toddlerhood and mid-childhood, including identifying principal UPF sub-groups and associations with nutrient profile; (ii) explore stability and change in UPF intake between toddlerhood and mid-childhood.

Methods: Data were from children in the UK Gemini twin cohort at 21 months (n = 2,591) and 7 years (n = 592) of age. UPF intakes were estimated using diet diaries and Nova classification.

Gender differences in female and male Australian football concussion injury: A prospective observational study of emergency department presentations.

Objective: To examine gender differences in Australian football (AF)-related concussion presentations to EDs in regional Australia.

Methods: A prospective observational study of patients presenting to 1 of the 10 EDs in Western Victoria, Australia, with an AF-related concussion was conducted. Patients were part of a larger study investigating AF injuries over a complete AF season, including pre-season training and practice matches.

In-situ particle analysis with heterogeneous background: a machine learning approach.

We propose a novel framework that combines state-of-the-art deep learning approaches with pre- and post-processing algorithms for particle detection in complex/heterogeneous backgrounds common in the manufacturing domain. Traditional methods, like size analyzers and those based on dilution, image processing, or deep learning, typically excel with homogeneous backgrounds. Yet, they often fall short in accurately detecting particles against the intricate and varied backgrounds characteristic of heterogeneous particle-substrate (HPS) interfaces in manufacturing.

Evaluating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on First-Year Medical Student Nutrition.

Background: Medical school students in high-stress environments have been shown to make poor personal health decisions ranging from less healthy selections of food to lower rates of exercise. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic adding a major social and health challenge, it is important to examine the effect this new stressor has on the health habits of medical school students.

Methods: All first-year students at Albany Medical College completed a self-recorded three-day log of food intake and exercise modality and duration.

Childhood obesity in the ED: A prospective Australian study.

Objective: To determine (i) the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children presenting to all EDs in a large regional Australian city and (ii) whether age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES) or hospital setting (public vs private) were associated with overweight and obesity.

Methods: This prospective observational study included children aged ≥2 and <18 years who presented to any of three EDs over an 18 month period who had their height and weight measured. Age, sex and residential postcode were collected.

Superiority and cost-effectiveness of monthly extended-release buprenorphine versus daily standard of care medication: a pragmatic, parallel-group, open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Daily methadone maintenance or buprenorphine treatment is the standard-of-care (SoC) medication for opioid use disorder (OUD). Subcutaneously injected, extended-release buprenorphine (BUP-XR) may be more effective-but there has been no superiority evaluation.

Methods: This pragmatic, parallel-group, open-label, multi-centre, effectiveness superiority randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted at five National Health Service community-based treatment clinics in England and Scotland.

Intralabial Lip Compartments and Their Potential Clinical Relevance.

Background: Aesthetic soft-tissue filler injections for lip enhancement are popular and performed throughout the world. When injecting lips with a cannula, as the cannula is advanced, resistance is perceived in consistent locations, potentially indicating boundaries between intralabial compartments.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether intralabial compartments exist and, if so, to describe their volumes, location, boundaries, and dimensions.

Patients' perceptions of self-administered dosing to opioid agonist treatment and other changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, addiction treatment services received official guidance asking them to limit face-to-face contact with patients and to prescribe opioid agonist treatment (OAT) medication flexibly. With the aim for most patients to receive take-home supplies for self-administration rather than attendance for observed daily dosing.

Design: This was a theory-driven, clinically applied qualitative study, with data for thematic analysis collected by semi-structured, audio-recorded, telephone interviews.

Precision in Midfacial Volumization Using Ultrasound-Assisted Cannula Injections.

Background: Soft-tissue filler injections performed with a cannula are perceived to be less precise because of the length of the instrument and the blunt tip, which can deviate in any direction. Midfacial needle injections are favored despite the increased risk for intraarterial product placement. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that ultrasound-assisted cannula injections of the midface result in precise, safe, and effective volumization procedures.

Wrist, hand and finger injuries in Australian football: A prospective observational study of emergency department presentations.

Objectives: Investigate the characteristics of wrist, hand and finger (WHF) injuries in Australian footballers presenting to EDs and determine if injury profiles differed between females and males, and between children and adults.

Methods: In this prospective observational study that took place during an entire football season, patients attended 1 of 10 EDs in Victoria, Australia with a WHF injury sustained while playing Australian football. Data were extracted from patient medical records by trained researchers.

Economic consequences of injury in female Australian footballers: A prospective observational study of emergency department presentations.

Objective: Investigate the economic consequences of injuries to female Australian footballers from a health sector and societal perspective.

Methods: This prospective observational study invited 242 females to complete an online questionnaire 3-6 months following an Australian football injury which involved presentation to an ED in Victoria, Australia. The questionnaire inquired regarding healthcare use, time off work, return to playing football and extent of recovery following injury.

Single cell profiling of CD45 spinal cord cells reveals microglial and B cell heterogeneity and crosstalk following spinal cord injury.

Background: Immune cells play crucial roles after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, incomplete knowledge of immune contributions to injury and repair hinders development of SCI therapies. We leveraged single-cell observations to describe key populations of immune cells present in the spinal cord and changes in their transcriptional profiles from uninjured to subacute and chronic stages of SCI.

Experience and response to a randomised controlled trial of extended-release injectable buprenorphine versus sublingual tablet buprenorphine and oral liquid methadone for opioid use disorder: protocol for a mixed-methods evaluation.

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a debilitating and persistent disorder. The standard-of-care treatment is daily maintenance dosing of sublingual buprenorphine (BUP-SL) or oral methadone (MET). Monthly, extended-release, subcutaneous injectable buprenorphine (BUP-XR) has been developed to enhance treatment effectiveness.