Foscarnet eyedrops for the treatment of refractory herpetic keratitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this case series is to describe the clinical course of patients receiving foscarnet eyedrops for the treatment of refractory herpetic keratitis.

Observations: Six patients diagnosed with herpetic keratitis were treated with foscarnet 24 mg/mL (2.4%) eyedrops with resulting improvement in keratitis.

Management of Uveitis Patients on Anti-TNF Agents Who Develop Demyelinating Disease - A Case Series.

Background/aims: Anti-tumor necrosis factor (Anti-TNF) agents have proven beneficial for the treatment of chronic non-infectious uveitis, yet rare neurological complications and demyelinating disease can occur with their use. Management of uveitis and neurological disease after developing these rare complications is not well understood. We sought to identify these specific cases and their outcomes through a retrospective observational case series.

Imaging Characteristics and Clinical Utility of Half-Dose versus Full-Dose Ultrawidefield Fundus Fluorescein Angiography.

Purpose: In early 2022, a fluorescein shortage occurred in the United States. To meet the standard of care for patients who required ultrawidefield fundus fluorescein angiography (UWFFA), a regimen of half-dose (250 mg) sodium fluorescein (10%) was adopted instead of the full dose (500 mg) at the Cole Eye Institute (CEI). In this paper, we compare the image quality, clinical utility, and the side-effect profile of half-dose versus full-dose fluorescein in UWFFA for a cohort of stable patients.

Bacillary Layer Detachment as a Presenting Feature of Ocular Sarcoidosis.

Background And Objective: Bacillary layer detachment (BALAD) is a recently described finding on optical coherence tomography (OCT) that has been reported in a variety of uveitic and retinal diseases. To add to the growing literature on conditions associated with this finding, we report on the first cases of BALADs in ocular sarcoidosis.

Patients And Methods: Observational, retrospective chart review of patients with BALADs as a feature of sarcoid-associated uveitis.

Response to Acthar Gel in sarcoidosis uveitis: A prospective open label study.

Purpose: To investigate the response to Acthar Gel® in patients with moderate to severe sarcoidosis uveitis.

Methods: This is a prospective open-label study that enrolled patients with moderate to severe sarcoidosis uveitis to receive 80 units daily of Acthar Gel for ten days followed by maintenance treatment with 80 units twice weekly. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients meeting at least one of the following variables 1) improved visual acuity, 2) resolution of intraocular inflammation, 3) ability to taper ocular or oral steroids by at least 50% or 4) reduction of cystoid macular edema, with no worsening of any single measure and no need for additional sarcoidosis therapies at 24 weeks.

The Basophil IL-18 Receptor Precisely Regulates the Host Immune Response and Malaria-Induced Intestinal Permeability and Alters Parasite Transmission to Mosquitoes without Effect on Gametocytemia.

We have recently demonstrated that basophils are protective against intestinal permeability during malaria and contribute to reduced parasite transmission to mosquitoes. Given that IL-18 is an early cytokine/alarmin in malaria and has been shown to activate basophils, we sought to determine the role of the basophil IL-18R in this protective phenotype. To address this, we infected control [ or basoIL-18R (+)] mice and mice with basophils lacking the IL-18R [ × Basoph8 or basoIL-18R (-)] with 17XNL, a nonlethal strain of mouse malaria.

Basophil Depletion Alters Host Immunity, Intestinal Permeability, and Mammalian Host-to-Mosquito Transmission in Malaria.

Malaria-induced bacteremia has been shown to result from intestinal mast cell (MC) activation. The appearance of MCs in the ileum and increased intestinal permeability to enteric bacteria are preceded by an early Th2-biased host immune response to infection, characterized by the appearance of IL-4, IL-10, mast cell protease (Mcpt)1 and Mcpt4, and increased circulating basophils and eosinophils. Given the functional similarities of basophils and MCs in the context of allergic inflammation and the capacity of basophils to produce large amounts of IL-4, we sought to define the role of basophils in increased intestinal permeability, in MC influx, and in the development of bacteremia in the context of malaria.

Mast Cell Chymase/Mcpt4 Suppresses the Host Immune Response to , Limits Malaria-Associated Disruption of Intestinal Barrier Integrity and Reduces Parasite Transmission to .

An increase in mast cells (MCs) and MCs mediators has been observed in malaria-associated bacteremia, however, the role of these granulocytes in malarial immunity is poorly understood. Herein, we studied the role of mouse MC protease (Mcpt) 4, an ortholog of human MC chymase, in malaria-induced bacteremia using knockout () mice and C57BL/6J controls, and the non-lethal mouse parasite 17XNL. Significantly lower parasitemia was observed in mice compared with controls by day 10 post infection (PI).

Ophthalmic Manifestations of Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Review.

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a hematopoietic neoplasm characterized by cancerous Reed-Sternberg cells. In contrast to ophthalmic manifestations by non-HL that are well recognized, there is paucity of the literature as it relates to ophthalmic manifestation by HL. We performed a comprehensive review of published studies (case reports and small case series) to characterize the ophthalmic manifestations of HL.

Ocular Syphilis With Phlebitis and Paravenous Pigmentary Retinopathy.

Purpose: Ocular syphilis can present as a wide variety of clinical phenotypes, among them panuveitis with vasculitis. Primary retinal phlebitis with resulting paravenous atrophy and pigmentary retinal degeneration is a rare presentation.

Methods: A 53-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of bilateral blurry vision.

Retinal Vasculitis Associated With Dermatomyositis Treated With Intravenous Steroids.

Purpose: This work aims to present treatment and long-term follow-up of a 31-year-old woman with dermatomyositis who presented with hemorrhagic retinal vasculitis and macular edema.

Methods: A retrospective case report is presented.

Results: A 31-year-old woman with dermatomyositis treated with systemic immunosuppression was evaluated for acute, reduced vision.

Quantitative Analysis of Ellipsoid Zone in Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy.

Purpose:: Quantitative end points for uveitis are needed. Here we quantify the rate of ellipsoid zone (EZ) recovery on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and correlate it with visual acuity (VA) improvement in patients with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigmented epitheliopathy (APMPPE). We use automated and manually graded EZ area analysis to assess EZ recovery in APMPPE.

Histamine Ingestion by Alters Important Vector Transmission Behaviors and Infection Success with Diverse Species.

An estimated 229 million people worldwide were impacted by malaria in 2019. The vectors of malaria parasites ( spp.) are mosquitoes, making their behavior, infection success, and ultimately transmission of great importance.

Acute retinal necrosis following recombinant subunit varicella-zoster virus vaccine.

Purpose: Previously, secondary prevention of herpes zoster required live-attenuated vaccination, which is contraindicated in immunocompromised populations. More recently, a recombinant subunit vaccine (Shingrix, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Iatrogenic varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection is theoretically impossible as it does not contain a live virus.

Recurrence Rates of Inflammation after Switching from the Originator Infliximab to Biosimilar Infliximab-abda for Noninfectious Uveitis.

Purpose: To describe the frequency of ocular flares in patients with noninfectious uveitis who were switched from the originator infliximab to a biosimilar infliximab.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: All patients with noninfectious uveitis who were switched from the originator infliximab to biosimilar infliximab-abda for nonmedical reasons were reviewed.

Clinical and Multimodal Imaging Findings in Disseminated Mycobacterium Chimaera.

Purpose: To characterize the ophthalmic clinical and multimodal imaging findings of disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera infection after cardiothoracic surgery.

Design: Observational case series.

Participants: Four patients (8 eyes) with disseminated M.

A step towards personalizing next line therapy for resected pancreatic and related cancer patients: A single institution's experience.

Background: There is a lack of precision medicine in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and related cancers, and outcomes for patients with this diagnosis remain poor despite decades of research investigating this disease. Therefore, it is necessary to explore novel therapeutic options for these patients who may benefit from personalized therapies.

Objective: Molecular profiling of hepatopancreaticobiliary malignancies at our institution, including but not limited to PDA, was initiated to assess the feasibility of incorporating molecular profiling results into patient oncological therapy planning.

Visual recovery and vascular reperfusion after vaso-occlusive retinopathy from anti-phospholipid syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Purpose: To report a case of visual recovery and vascular reperfusion after vaso-occlusive retinopathy from anti-phospholipid syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Observations: A 15-year-old boy with a known diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and a clinically significant anti-phospholipid panel presented with sudden vision loss in the left eye. Examination and ocular imaging revealed signs of vaso-occlusive retinopathy.

Long-term Outcomes of Glaucoma Drainage Implants in Uveitic Eyes With Fluocinolone Acetonide Implants.

Precis: In eyes with uveitis and a history of fluocinolone acetonide (FA) implantation, glaucoma drainage implants (GDIs) provides excellent long-term control of intraocular pressure (IOP).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term control of IOP achieved by GDIs in uveitic eyes with glaucoma and a FA implant.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective case series of 56 eyes from 37 patients with a history of noninfectious posterior uveitis who underwent both FA implantation and GDI surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute between April 2001 and April 2017.

A CASE REPORT OF CHRONIC ENDOPHTHALMITIS SECONDARY TO AQUAMICROBIUMterrae.

Purpose: Chronic postoperative endophthalmitis is a known complication of cataract surgery. Here, we report a case of chronic endophthalmitis following uncomplicated cataract surgery secondary to the atypical bacterium Aquamicrobium terrae .

Methods: Retrospective case report of a single patient with endophthalmitis secondary to A.