Detection of emergent large vessel occlusion stroke with CT angiography is high across all levels of radiology training and grayscale viewing methods.

Objectives: CT angiography (CTA) is essential in acute stroke to detect emergent large vessel occlusions (ELVO) and must be interpreted by radiologists with and without subspecialized training. Additionally, grayscale inversion has been suggested to improve diagnostic accuracy in other radiology applications. This study examines diagnostic performance in ELVO detection between neuroradiologists, non-neuroradiologists, and radiology residents using standard and grayscale inversion viewing methods.

A Roadmap for a Successful Breast Imaging Fellowship.

Breast imaging is an important field within radiology, having made significant strides in helping reduce morbidity and mortality from breast cancer. Historically, breast imaging radiologists learned mammography and ultrasound skills on the job as a part of general radiology training. However, breast imaging as a subspecialty has grown over time with the emergence of breast imaging fellowships across the country.

European Foulbrood in stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) in Brazil: Old disease, renewed threat.

Stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini) are a group of bees with vestigial stings showing a high level of social organization. They are important pollinators in tropical and subtropical regions, and, in the last decades, stingless beekeeping has increased rapidly in Brazil. Bee-collected pollen and honey of Apis mellifera can be an important source of disease when used as supplements to feed stingless bee colonies, a common and increasing practice adopted by stingless beekeepers.

Corrigendum to "Chemical characterization of cork, phloem and wood from different provenances and trees" [Heliyon Volume 5, Issue 12, December 2019, Article e02910].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Exploring Medication Adherence Using M-Health: A Study from Veterinary Medicine.

Pharmacy practice includes the handling of human and animal medication. Amongst veterinary pharmaceutical treatments, the management of Canine Atopic Dermatitis (CAD), a chronic skin condition affecting 10%-15% of the canine population, is complex and demanding. Medication regimens are tailored to each animal and their owner or caregiver.

Computational Approach to the Systematic Prediction of Glycolytic Abilities: Looking Into Human Microbiota.

Glycoside hydrolases are responsible for the enzymatic deconstruction of complex carbohydrates. Most of the families are known to conserve the catalytic machinery and molecular mechanisms. This work introduces a new method to predict glycolytic abilities in sequenced genomes and thus, gain a better understanding of how to target specific carbohydrates and identify potentially interesting sources of specialised enzymes.

Selected cytokine expression in dogs with alergic conjunctivitis: Correlation with disease activity.

Introduction: Canine allergic conjunctivitis (cAC) is described as the most frequent ocular manifestation associated with canine atopic dermatitis (cAD).

Objectives: Clinical and immunological characterization of cAD through IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12 mRNA expression quantification in canine conjunctivae.

Procedures: Twenty client-owned dogs with both cAC and cAD and twenty-one healthy controls were enrolled and clinician assessed CADESI-04 and grade of ocular signs were calculated.

H HR-MAS NMR and chemometric methods for discrimination and classification of Baccharis (Asteraceae): A proposal for quality control of Baccharis trimera.

Baccharis trimera is a species recognized by health agencies and recommended by the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia by having medicinal properties. In this work, HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometric tools, such as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Soft Independent Modeling by Class Analogy (SIMCA), were used to evaluate the quality control and authenticity of commercial samples of Baccharis, as well as to discriminate B. trimera samples from other species of the Caulopterae section (B.

Identification of new targets of S-nitrosylation in neural stem cells by thiol redox proteomics.

Nitric oxide (NO) is well established as a regulator of neurogenesis. NO increases the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSC), and is essential for hippocampal injury-induced neurogenesis following an excitotoxic lesion. One of the mechanisms underlying non-classical NO cell signaling is protein S-nitrosylation.

Synthetic Approaches to A Challenging and Unusual Structure-An Amino-Pyrrolidine Guanine Core.

The synthesis of an unreported 2-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxamidine unit is here described for the first time. This unusual and promising structure was attained through the oxidative decarboxylation of amino acids using the pair of reagents, silver(I)/peroxydisulfate (Ag(I)/SO) followed by intermolecular (in the case of l-proline derivative) and intramolecular trapping (in the case of acyl l-arginine) by -nucleophiles. The l-proline approach has a broader scope for the synthesis of 2-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxamidine derivatives, whereas the intramolecular cyclization afforded by the l-acylarginines, when applied, results in higher yields.

C/EBPɑ is crucial determinant of epithelial maintenance by preventing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Extracellular signals such as TGF-β can induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancers of epithelial origin, promoting molecular and phenotypical changes resulting in pro-metastatic characteristics. We identified C/EBPα as one of the most TGF-β-mediated downregulated transcription factors in human mammary epithelial cells. C/EBPα expression prevents TGF-β-driven EMT by inhibiting expression of known EMT factors.

Implementing Breast Cryoablation in Practice.

Breast cryoablation is becoming more commonplace as a minimally invasive percutaneous procedure that utilizes extreme cold to destroy targeted tissue and has been used to treat symptomatic fibroadenomas and early-stage breast cancer for over a decade with promising results. The practical considerations for implementing a breast cryoablation service include developing and communicating strategic and operational plans, training and privileging the proceduralist, selecting equipment, collaborating with referring clinicians, recruiting and navigating patients, and understanding billing considerations.

Digital Mammography Stereotactic Biopsy versus Digital Breast Tomosynthesis-guided Biopsy: Differences in Biopsy Targets, Pathologic Results, and Discordance Rates.

Background Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)-guided biopsy is increasingly used in practice. It is important to know expected changes in biopsy targets, pathologic results, and discordance rates. Purpose To compare biopsy target types, pathologic results, and discordance rates for 2 years preceding and 2 years following implementation of DBT-guided biopsy.

Computational resources and strategies to assess single-molecule dynamics of the translation process in S. cerevisiae.

This work provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of available resources for the molecular-scale modelling of the translation process through agent-based modelling. The case study is the translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, one of the most studied yeasts. The data curation workflow encompassed structural information about the yeast (i.

Chemical characterization of cork, phloem and wood from different provenances and trees.

Sustainability of cork oak () forests is threatened by biotic and abiotic factors and characterization of potentially differing genetic resources has therefore gained importance. This work addresses the chemical variation of the three tissues of cork oak stems - cork, phloem and wood - in relation to tree and provenance, looking for genetic chemical diversity and for physiological derived differences. The three tissues differ with cork clearly differentiating regarding summative composition, component ratios and monomeric composition.

Fragment detection of Coleopteran and Triatomine insects in experimentally contaminated acai pulp and sugarcane juice.

Introduction: Oral transmission of acute Chagas disease is an emerging public health concern. This study aimed to detect insect fragments in experimentally contaminated food, by comparing triatomines with other insects.

Methods: Food samples were experimentally contaminated with insects, processed to recover their fragments by light filth, and analyzed by microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

Influence of initial chemical composition and characteristics of pulps on the production and properties of lignocellulosic nanofibers.

This work aimed to study the influence of the initial chemical composition (glucans, lignin, xylan, and mannans), intrinsic viscosity, and carboxylate groups of pulps on the production process and final properties of lignocellulosic nanofibers (LCNF). Pulps of pine sawdust, eucalyptus sawdust, and sugarcane bagasse subjected to conventional pulping and highly oxidized processes were the starting materials. The LCNF were obtained by TEMPO mediated oxidation and mechanical fibrillation with a colloidal grinder.

Evaluation of reference genes for gene expression analysis by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in three stingless bee species (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini).

Stingless bees are generalist pollinators distributed through the pantropical region. There is growing evidence that their wild populations are experiencing substantial decline in response to habitat degradation and pesticides. Policies for conservation of endangered species will benefit from studies focusing on genetic and molecular aspects of their development and behavior.

The tadpole of Physalaemus orophilus from the Atlantic rainforest of southeastern Brazil (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae).

The neotropical genus Physalaemus Fitzinger is currently composed by 48 species (Cardozo Pereyra 2018). Recently, a phylogenetic analysis aiming to investigate the internal relationships of the genus recovered two major clades, the Physalaemus cuvieri and P. signifer clades (Lourenço et al.

Differential Contributions of Pre- and Post-EMT Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Metastases are responsible for the majority of breast cancer-associated deaths. The contribution of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the establishment of metastases is still controversial. To obtain evidence of EMT in metastasis, we established an EMT lineage tracing (Tri-PyMT) model, in which tumor cells undergoing EMT would irreversibly switch their fluorescent marker from RFP to GFP due to mesenchymal-specific Cre expression.

Antibody-Drug Conjugates Targeting the Urokinase Receptor (uPAR) as a Possible Treatment of Aggressive Breast Cancer.

A promising molecular target for aggressive cancers is the urokinase receptor (uPAR). A fully human, recombinant antibody that binds uPAR to form a stable complex that blocks uPA-uPAR interactions (2G10) and is internalized primarily through endocytosis showed efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of highly aggressive, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) of 2G10 were designed and produced bearing tubulin inhibitor payloads ligated through seven different linkers.

Dense Breast Ultrasound Screening After Digital Mammography Versus After Digital Breast Tomosynthesis.

The objective of this study was to compare the yield of dense breast ultrasound (US) screening after digital mammography (DM) versus after digital breast tomosyn-thesis (DBT). For this institutional review board-approved, HIPAA-compliant study, we retrospectively searched databases at two tertiary breast imaging centers and an office practice staffed by the same fellowship-trained breast radiologists for screening US examinations from October 1, 2014, to September 30, 2016. Prior DM versus DBT and screening US and pathology results were recorded.

IL-1β Blockade Attenuates Thrombosis in a Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-Dependent Breast Cancer Model.

Cancer patients are at increased risk of developing thrombosis, comorbidity that has been associated with increased neutrophil counts and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) modulates the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a cytokine that promotes cancer-associated neutrophilia and NET generation. Herein, we combined a murine breast cancer model with a flow-restriction thrombosis model to evaluate whether the IL-1β blockade could interfere with cancer-associated thrombosis.