Larvicidal activity of coumarin derivatives on Toxocara canis larvae, cytotoxicity analysis, and in silico bioavailability studies.

Human toxocariasis is a neglected anthropozoonosis with global distribution. Treatment is based on the administration of anthelmintics; however, their effectiveness at the tissue level is low to moderate, necessitating the discovery of new drug candidates. Several groups of synthetic compounds, including coumarin derivatives, have demonstrated bioactivity against fungi, bacteria, and even parasites, such as Dactylogyrus intermedius, Leishmania major, and Plasmodium falciparum.

Spatial analysis of vaccine coverage in children under the age of 1 year by mesoregions in Paraíba a northeastern Brazilian state.

Immunization is one of the most effective measures in public health, and it is responsible for the reduction of vaccine-preventable diseases. In the present study, vaccine coverage (VC) and the spatial dynamics of homogeneity of VC (HVC) were compared and analyzed in the terms of the immunobiologicals administered to children aged < 1 year in a state in Paraíba, Brazil. This is a mixed ecological study that used public-domain secondary data from the years 2016 and 2017 from the Information System of the Brazilian National Immunization Program (SI-PNI) and the Brazilian National Information System of Live Births (SINASC).

Immunomodulation in the intestinal mucosa of mice supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 7469) and infected with Toxocara canis.

Toxocariasis is an anthropozoonosis caused by the helminth Toxocara canis that shows different clinical manifestations as visceral, ocular, or neurological toxocariasis forms. Probiotics have been studied as alternatives to prevent and treat this parasitosis. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a prospect that presents immunomodulatory activity that acts to strengthen the intestinal barrier.

Spatial analysis of measles vaccination coverage in the State of São Paulo.

Background: Measles is a contagious viral disease that seriously affects children. The measles vaccine is widely recommended in Brazil and in the world; however, the disease remains relevant for the health authorities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate first and second dose of measles vaccine coverage (VC) in the cities of São Paulo and its spatial dynamics between 2015 and 2020.

Spatial analysis of vaccine coverage on the first year of life in the northeast of Brazil.

Background: Over time, vaccination has been consolidated as one of the most cost effective and successful public health interventions and a right of every human being. This study aimed to assess the spatial dynamics of the vaccine coverage (VC) rate of children aged < 1 year per municipality in the Brazilian Northeast at 2016 and 2017.

Methods: This is a mixed-type ecological study that use a Public domain data Health Information.

Self-reported prevalence of asthma symptoms in adults living in a port city.

Air pollution is a worldwide health problem, and exposure to the pollution can cause damage to the human body, especially to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Asthma is the third most common chronic disease in Brazil, presenting high prevalence in some areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-report the prevalence of asthma symptoms in Santos city, Brazil, and its associated factors in the adult population (between 18 and 59 years old).

Comparative Analysis of Circulating Levels of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and Inflammatory Mediators in Healthcare Workers and COVID-19 Patients.

Advances in knowledge of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 have been acquired; however, the host factors that could explain the mild and severe forms of the disease are not fully understood. Thus, we proposed to evaluate anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the inflammatory response of different groups of individuals, including healthcare workers (HCW), sick and dead COVID-19 patients and also recovered patients to contribute to this knowledge gap. Our objective is to relate the clinical evolution of these individuals with the level of detection and functionality of specific antibodies and with the production of inflammatory mediators.

Association between high-risk pregnancy and environmental contaminants in the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista, Brazil.

The Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista (MRBS) is a highly contaminated area. High-risk pregnancy is one factor that leads to a higher chance of both morbidity and mortality of the mother-fetus binomial. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between exposure to environmental contaminants and high-risk pregnancy.

Protective effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 in BALB/c mice infected with Toxocara canis.

Human toxocariasis consists of chronic tissue parasitosis that is difficult to treat and control. This study aimed to evaluate the action of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 on larvae of Toxocara canis and the effect of IFN-γ cytokine on parasite-host in vivo (1.109 CFU) and in vitro (1.

Breast cancer in the Baixada Santista region and its relationship to contaminated areas.

The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal distribution of breast cancer and its relationship with contaminated areas in the Baixada Santista metropolitan region, São Paulo. It is an ecological study on the distribution of breast cancer in the municipalities of the region as well as in regions exposed to environmental contaminants. The population consisted of women aged 20 years and over, totaling 3233 cases in the 12 years of the study.

Atmospheric Pollution and Hospitalization for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases in the City of Manaus from 2008 to 2012.

Objective: To relate the levels of air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in the city of Manaus in Brazil from 2008 to 2012.

Method: This is an ecological time-series study among children (under 5 years of age) and elderly (above 60 years of age). Data on the daily number of hospitalizations for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, pollutants (PM), temperature, and humidity were used.

Importance of epidemiological surveillance of leprosy: analysis of the occurrence of leprosy in intra-domiciliary contacts in a capital in the Brazilian northeast region.

Introduction: Intra-domiciliary contacts are a group with the highest risk of developing leprosy.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of intra-domiciliary contacts of new leprosy cases was conducted. A descriptive analysis of the variables was performed.

Relationship between air pollution and hospitalizations for congestive heart failure in elderly people in the city of São Paulo.

To evaluate the effects of air pollutants on hospitalizations of elderly people for congestive heart failure (CHF) in the city of São Paulo, stratified by sex, exploring lag structures, from 2000 to 2013. Ecological time series study using information on hospitalization of elderly patients for CHF (ICD-10th: I50) obtained from DATASUS for the city of São Paulo. Information on O, PM, NO, SO, CO, temperature and humidity was obtained from CETESB.

Saccharomyces boulardii reduces the mean intensity of infection in mice caused by the consumption of liver contaminated by Toxocara canis.

Probiotics have shown promising results as a potential method to control toxocariasis in mice inoculated with embryonated eggs of Toxocara canis. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in mice fed in natura chicken livers infected with T. canis.

Use of health services by the population living in contaminated areas in the region of the Santos and São Vicente estuarine system, Brazil.

To relate the socio-demographic profile with access to health services of the population living in environmentally degraded areas in an estuary region. A sectional field study of 8819 people, evaluating three contaminated areas of São Vicente. Households were divided by studied area.

Evaluation of peak expiratory flow in adolescents and its association with inhalable particulate in a Brazilian medium-sized city.

Introduction: High particulate matter (PM10) concentrations are associated with increased incidence of respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. This study evaluates the air pollution effects in children's and adolescents' lung function using peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements over a given period, in an area exposed to industrial emissions.

Methodology: This was a panel study.

Profile and costs involved in long-term compulsory hospitalization of psychiatric patients.

Objective: Involuntary hospitalization for acute psychiatry cases can be acceptable when there is potential harm. However, there are few reasons for a patient committed on these grounds to stay in an institution for a long period. The objective of the present study was to identify the profile and costs of compulsory hospitalizations over 20 days in a public psychiatric hospital in the coastal region of the state of São Paulo.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus reduces parasite load on Toxocara canis experimental infection in mice, but has no effect on the parasite in vitro.

Human toxocariasis is a neglected global parasitic zoonosis. The efficacy of drug treatment for this disease has been hindered by the biological complexity of the main etiological agent, the nematode Toxocara canis. Experimental studies have shown the potential of probiotics to promote a reduction in the parasite load of T.

Air pollution and low birth weight in an industrialized city in Southeastern Brazil, 2003-2006.

Introduction:: Birth weight is an important indicator of several conditions that manifest earlier (as fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, inhibited growth and cognitive development) and later in life such as chronic diseases. Air pollution has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:: Retrospective cohort study investigated the association between low birth weight (LBW) and maternal exposure to air pollutants in Volta Redonda city, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2003 to 2006.

Dental enamel as biomarker for environmental contaminants in relevant industrialized estuary areas in São Paulo, Brazil.

Heavy metal contamination is a long-standing and very well-known public health problem, and its exposure can cause damage to several organs of human body, especially on the central nervous system of young children and teenagers. The aim of this article is to evaluate lead, cadmium, and manganese contamination in 125 children from 6 to 13 years old living in contaminated areas during the period from 2006 to 2009 (São Vicente, Cubatão Downtown, Bertioga and Cubatão Pilões/Água Fria). This estuary area is the most important example of environmental degradation by chemicals from industrial sources.

Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score and ICU Mobility Scale: translation into Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil.

Objective:: To translate the Perme Intensive Care Unit Mobility Score and the ICU Mobility Scale (IMS) into Portuguese, creating versions that are cross-culturally adapted for use in Brazil, and to determine the interobserver agreement and reliability for both versions.

Methods:: The processes of translation and cross-cultural validation consisted in the following: preparation, translation, reconciliation, synthesis, back-translation, review, approval, and pre-test. The Portuguese-language versions of both instruments were then used by two researchers to evaluate critically ill ICU patients.

A randomized, controlled, crossover study in patients with mild and moderate asthma undergoing treatment with traditional Chinese acupuncture.

Objectives: This study sought to verify the effects of acupuncture as an adjuvant treatment for the control of asthma.

Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, crossover trial conducted at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. A total of 74 patients with mild/moderate, persistent asthma were randomized into two therapeutic groups: Group A - 31 patients underwent 10 real weekly acupuncture sessions, followed by a 3-week washout period and 10 sham weekly acupuncture sessions; and Group B - 43 patients underwent 10 sham weekly acupuncture sessions, followed by a 3-week washout period and 10 real weekly acupuncture sessions.

ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF LAPACHOL, β-LAPACHONE AND ITS DERIVATIVES AGAINST Toxocara canis LARVAE.

Anthelmintics used for intestinal helminthiasis treatment are generally effective; however, their effectiveness in tissue parasitosis (i.e. visceral toxocariasis) is moderate.