Stratification of biological therapies by pathobiology in biologic-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (STRAP and STRAP-EU): two parallel, open-label, biopsy-driven, randomised trials.

Background: Despite highly effective targeted therapies for rheumatoid arthritis, about 40% of patients respond poorly, and predictive biomarkers for treatment choices are lacking. We did a biopsy-driven trial to compare the response to rituximab, etanercept, and tocilizumab in biologic-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis stratified for synovial B cell status.

Methods: STRAP and STRAP-EU were two parallel, open-label, biopsy-driven, stratified, randomised, phase 3 trials done across 26 university centres in the UK and Europe.

A sequential, multiple assignment randomized trial comparing web-based education to mobile video interpreter access for improving provider interpreter use in primary care clinics: the mVOCAL hybrid type 3 study protocol.

Background: Individuals who use a language other than English for medical care are at risk for disparities related to healthcare safety, patient-centered care, and quality. Professional interpreter use decreases these disparities but remains underutilized, despite widespread access and legal mandates. In this study, we compare two discrete implementation strategies for improving interpreter use: (1) enhanced education targeting intrapersonal barriers to use delivered in a scalable format (interactive web-based educational modules) and (2) a strategy targeting system barriers to use in which mobile video interpreting is enabled on providers' own mobile devices.

Fidelity evaluation of the dialogue around respiratory illness treatment (DART) program communication training.

Objective: To evaluate receipt fidelity of communication training content included in a multifaceted intervention known to reduce antibiotic over-prescribing for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), by examining the degree to which clinicians implemented the intended communication behavior changes.

Methods: Parents were surveyed regarding clinician communication behaviors immediately after attending 1026 visits by children 6 months to < 11 years old diagnosed with ARTIs by 53 clinicians in 18 pediatric practices. Communication outcomes analyzed were whether clinicians: (A) provided both a combined (negative + positive) treatment recommendation and a contingency plan (full implementation); (B) provided either a combined treatment recommendation or a contingency plan (partial implementation); or (C) provided neither (no implementation).

First-In-Human Phase I Study of a Next-Generation, Oral, TGFβ Receptor 1 Inhibitor, LY3200882, in Patients with Advanced Cancer.

Purpose: A novel, selective, next-generation transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptor type-1 small molecule inhibitor, LY3200882, demonstrated promising preclinical data. This first-in-human trial evaluated safety, tolerability, recommended phase II dose (RP2D), pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of LY3200882 as monotherapy or with other anticancer agents in patients with advanced cancer.

Patients And Methods: This phase I multicenter study of oral LY3200882 (NCT02937272) comprised dose escalation, monotherapy expansion in grade 4 glioma, and combination therapy in solid tumors (LY3200882 and PD-L1 inhibitor LY3300054), pancreatic cancer (LY3200882, gemcitabine, and nab-paclitaxel), and head and neck squamous cell cancer (LY3200882, cisplatin, and radiation).

Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care for Respiratory Illness.

Background: One-third of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are inappropriate. We evaluated a distance learning program's effectiveness for reducing outpatient antibiotic prescribing for ARTI visits.

Methods: In this stepped-wedge clinical trial run from November 2015 to June 2018, we randomly assigned 19 pediatric practices belonging to the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network or the NorthShore University HealthSystem to 4 wedges.

Understanding your own and other's minds: the relationship to eating disorder related symptoms.

A study using a cross-sectional survey design examined whether eating disorder (ED) related symptoms are associated with understanding one's own and others' minds. A non-clinical sample of 145 women completed self-report questionnaires and recorded their emotional, cognitive and behavioural responses to descriptions of scenarios (vignettes). Responses to scenarios were made from the perspective of self, an attachment figure and a same sex acquaintance.

The relationship between body weight (body mass index) and attachment history in young women.

Objective: This study investigated whether attachment history predicts unique variance in body mass index in young women.

Method: A cross-sectional design was employed. One hundred and forty five women completed self report measures of attachment history and psychological symptoms.

Confirmation of the association of the C4B null allelle in autism.

The objective of this study was to examine and attempt to confirm our previous findings of an increased frequency of the C4B null allele (C4BQ0) in subjects with autism. Newly identified subjects from Utah and Oregon were studied. Families evaluated included 85 who had a child with autism and 69 control families.

Concurrent validity of two observer-rated alexithymia measures.

The purposes of the present study were to evaluate 1) the correspondence between two observer-rated alexithymia measures, the Observer Alexithymia Scale and the modified Beth Israel Hospital Psychosomatic Questionnaire (BIQ) and 2) the psychometric properties of both instruments. Clinical and counseling psychologists (N=131) used the two instruments to rate outpatients with various psychiatric diagnoses. Correspondence was excellent; the correlation between the two scales was 0.

Dissimilatory iron(III) reduction by .

The photosynthetic proteobacterium was shown to be capable of dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction. Activity was expressed during anaerobic phototrophic and microaerobic growth with malate as the carbon source, but not during equivalent aerobic growth. A variety of Fe(III) complexes were demonstrated to act as substrates for intact cells and membrane fractions of strain N22DNAR using a ferrozine assay for Fe(II) formation.