Elevated IL18 levels in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma induced PD-1 expression on NK cells in TILS leading to poor prognosis.

Objectives: Characterisation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILS) population for cancer prognostication has enabled deeper understanding of tumor immune interactions in cancer immunology. We aim to examine the significance of both the density and functional status of NK cells in a cohort of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) associated Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) patients.

Methods: NK TILS of 50 NPC samples were quantified on immunohistochemistry and the density of NK TILS was correlated with clinical outcomes.

Correction to: Adverse Drug Reaction Case Safety Practices in Large Biopharmaceutical Organizations from 2007 to 2017: An Industry Survey.

The correct name of the second author should be "Moritz Fehrle", and not "Mortiz Fehrle" as given in the original publication of the article.

Adverse Drug Reaction Case Safety Practices in Large Biopharmaceutical Organizations from 2007 to 2017: An Industry Survey.

Introduction: Drug safety remains a top global public health concern. An increase in the number of data sources available has increased the complexity of pharmacovigilance operations, so the US FDA has created draft guidance focusing on optimizing drug safety data for well-characterized medicines. However, to date, no data demonstrating changes in reports have been presented.

Enhancing the immune stimulatory effects of cetuximab therapy through TLR3 signalling in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Cetuximab immunotherapy targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) with some success. Therefore, combining an immune adjuvant to boost the immune microenvironment may improve its clinical efficacy. Herein, we investigate the immune-stimulatory effects of Poly-ICLC (a TLR3 agonist) in enhancing cetuximab-based immunotherapy and correlate these responses with FcɣRIIIa (V158F) or TLR3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs- L412F and C829T) expressed on immune effector cells.

Cellular-based immunotherapy in Epstein-Barr virus induced nasopharyngeal cancer.

Undifferentiated Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is ubiquitously identified with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), making this cancer a suitable candidate for cellular-based immunotherapy (CBI) due to its expression of potentially targetable tumor-associated viral antigens. Various preclinical and clinical studies have explored the use of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) in the treatment of both refractory and locally advanced NPC with some success. Notably, immune-mediated antitumor effects were observed even in heavily pre-treated NPC patients, suggesting potential clinical benefit of CBI in this group of patients.

High-risk HPV genotypes and P16INK4a expression in a cohort of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients in Singapore.

Human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16 genotype, is associated with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). We aim to determine the prevalence and characterize the high-risk (HR)-HPV genotypes in head and neck SCC (HNSCC) in a South-East Asian multi-ethnic society in Singapore and examine its prognostic significance.159 HNSCC archival tissue samples were retrieved and tumour DNA was screened for 18 HR-HPV genotypes using a PCR-based assay (Qiagen, digene HPV genotyping RH test).