Children's and adolescents' views of health and mental health concepts - A qualitative group interview study.

Background: Definitions and perceptions of health and mental health have not remained static over time. This is also true for statistics over Swedish children's and adolescents' health and mental health status. The majority of Swedish school-aged children and adolescents report good physical health and good life satisfaction.

High-Performance Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Native Mass Spectrometry of Large Protein Complexes with the Fast Multipole Method.

Native mass spectrometry (MS) is widely employed to study the structures and assemblies of proteins ranging from small monomers to megadalton complexes. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a useful complement as it provides the spatial detail that native MS cannot offer. However, MD simulations performed in the gas phase have suffered from rapidly increasing computational costs with the system size.

Emergence of fractal geometries in the evolution of a metabolic enzyme.

Fractals are patterns that are self-similar across multiple length-scales. Macroscopic fractals are common in nature; however, so far, molecular assembly into fractals is restricted to synthetic systems. Here we report the discovery of a natural protein, citrate synthase from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, which self-assembles into Sierpiński triangles.

Spinal surgery and the risk of reoperation after total hip arthroplasty: a cohort study based on Swedish spine and hip arthroplasty registers.

Background And Purpose: Studies suggest increased revision risk of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in individuals with lumbar spinal fusion, but studies including non-fused individuals are lacking. We aimed to investigate whether individuals undergoing lumbar spinal stenosis surgery with or without fusion are at an increased risk of reoperation before or after THA.

Patients And Methods: The Swedish Spine Register and the Swedish arthroplasty register were searched from 2000 through 2021.

School Nurses' Perspectives on Health among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The aim of this study was to investigate school nurses' perspectives on students' health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden in 2021. A cross-sectional survey design was used with school nurses (n = 225) working in schools in Sweden from elementary to upper secondary levels. The Clausson School Nurse Perception Questionnaire was used with two additional questions about the COVID-19 pandemic.

School nurses' experiences of health-promoting work to prevent stress in Swedish adolescents.

Aim: To investigate school nurses' experiences of health-promoting work to prevent stress in Swedish adolescents.

Materials And Methods: Swedish school nurses ( = 225) responded to a web survey with open-ended questions. The results were subjected to a qualitative content analysis.

Improvements in the school environment-results of a Swedish school project 2005-2011.

To examine whether a public health project to reduce problem behavior in schools and improve the classroom climate, undertaken among eight secondary schools in a municipality in Sweden, was accompanied by favorable changes in the school environment over time. Data were collected from ninth grade students (aged 15-16 years) at three different time points: the year before the project began (2005), during the project (2008) and when the project finished (2011). Changes in the school environment, measured as damage, littering, noise and classroom disorder, were compared between the project municipality and a comparison group of other municipalities in the same county, using multinomial logistic regression analysis.

Analysis of Trace Element Concentrations and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Muscle Tissue of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, Rhizoprionodon terraenovae.

Metals occur naturally in the environment; however, anthropogenic practices have greatly increased metal concentrations in waterways, sediments, and biota. Metals pose health risks to marine organisms and have been associated with oxidative stress, which can lead to protein denaturation, DNA mutations, and cellular apoptosis. Sharks are important species ecologically, recreationally, and commercially.

Sputum microbiota and inflammation at stable state and during exacerbations in a cohort of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.

Background: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are debilitating events and spur disease progression. Infectious causes are frequent; however, it is unknown to what extent exacerbations are caused by larger shifts in the airways' microbiota. The aim of the current study was to analyse the changes in microbial composition between stable state and during exacerbations, and the corresponding immune response.

Dynamic differences in dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in sputum of COPD patients and controls.

Introduction: Disturbances in onset and resolution of inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are incompletely understood. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can be converted into lipid mediators here collectively named oxylipins. These include classical eicosanoids, but also pro-resolving mediators.

Classmate characteristics, class composition and children's perceived classroom climate.

Aim: A beneficial classroom climate is vital for school achievements, health, well-being, and school satisfaction. However, there is little knowledge as to how the classmate characteristics and class composition are related to the level of a perceived messy and disorderly classroom climate and whether the estimated relationships vary between different groups of children. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between classmate characteristics as well as class composition and children's perceived classroom climate.

Antimicrobial peptide levels are linked to airway inflammation, bacterial colonisation and exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are effectors of host defence against infection, inflammation and wound repair. We aimed to study AMP levels in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and during acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), and to examine their relation to clinical parameters and inflammatory markers.The 3-year Bergen COPD Cohort Study included 433 COPD patients and 325 controls.

School satisfaction and social relations: Swedish schoolchildren's improvement suggestions.

Objectives: The aim was to explore schoolchildren's views on how to increase school satisfaction and improve social relations among peers at school.

Method: Improvement suggestions were collected from school children aged 10-12 years with the help of a feedback model developed for the purpose. Qualitative content analysis was used.

Understanding and defining bullying - adolescents' own views.

Background: The negative consequences of peer-victimization on children and adolescents are major public health concerns which have been subjected to extensive research. Given all efforts made to analyze and estimate the social and health consequences of peer-victimization, the adolescents' own experiences and understandings have had surprisingly little impact on the definition of bullying. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to explore adolescents' definitions of bullying.

Vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein, and longitudinal outcomes in COPD.

Background: Associations between Vitamin D3 [25(OH)D], vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are previously reported. We aimed to further investigate these associations on longitudinal outcomes.

Methods: 426 COPD patients from western Norway, GOLD stage II-IV, aged 40-76, were followed every six-month from 2006 through 2009 with spirometry, bioelectrical impedance measurements and registration of exacerbation frequency.

Comparison of inflammatory markers in induced and spontaneous sputum in a cohort of COPD patients.

Background: Sputum induction is a non-invasive method for obtaining measurements of inflammation in the airways. Whether spontaneously sampled sputum can be a valid surrogate is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare levels of six inflammatory markers in sputum pairs consisting of induced and spontaneous sputum sampled on the same consultation either in a stable state or during exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Predictors of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease--results from the Bergen COPD cohort study.

Background: COPD exacerbations accelerate disease progression.

Aims: To examine if COPD characteristics and systemic inflammatory markers predict the risk for acute COPD exacerbation (AECOPD) frequency and duration.

Methods: 403 COPD patients, GOLD stage II-IV, aged 44-76 years were included in the Bergen COPD Cohort Study in 2006/07, and followed for 3 years.

Health promotion in Swedish schools: school managers' views.

Schools are recognized worldwide as settings for health promotion, and leadership has a bearing on schools' ability to be health promoting. School managers have a great influence on what is prioritized in school, which in turn affects students' school performance and health. There is lack of research into school managers' views on health promotion, and what they consider to be central to health promotion.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with low levels of vitamin D.

Introduction: COPD patients may be at increased risk for vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency, but risk factors for deficiency among COPD patients have not been extensively reported.

Methods: Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured by liquid chromatography double mass spectrometry in subjects aged 40-76 years from Western Norway, including 433 COPD patients (GOLD stage II-IV) and 325 controls. Levels <20 ng/mL defined deficiency.