Effect of SO and SO Exposure to Cu-CHA on Surface Nitrate and NO Formation for NH-SCR.

We report effects of SO and SO exposure on ammonium nitrate (AN) and NO formation in Cu-CHA used for NH-SCR. First-principles calculations and several characterizations (ICP, BET, XRD, UV-vis-DRS) were applied to characterize the Cu-CHA material and speciation of sulfur species. The first-principles calculations demonstrate that the SO exposure results in both (bi)sulfite and (bi)sulfate whereas the SO exposure yields only (bi)sulfate.

A systematic review of population-based studies on metachronous metastases of colorectal cancer.

Background: The occurrence of metachronous metastases (MM) of colorectal (CRC), colon (CC), and rectal (RC) cancer of population-based studies has not been compiled in a systematic review previously.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for primary studies of any design from inception until January 2021 and updated in August 2023 (CRD42021261648). The PRISMA guidelines were adopted, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale used for risk of bias assessment.

Interpretation of H-TPR from Cu-CHA Using First-Principles Calculations.

Temperature-programmed reduction and oxidation are used to obtain information on the presence and abundance of different species in complex catalytic materials. The interpretation of the temperature-programmed reaction profiles is, however, often challenging. One example is H temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR) of Cu-chabazite (Cu-CHA), which is a material used for ammonia assisted selective catalytic reduction of NO (NH-SCR).

Conflict of interest and risk of bias in systematic reviews on methylphenidate for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are pivotal to evidence-based medicine, yet there is limited research on conflicts of interest in SRs. Our aim was to investigate financial conflicts of interest and risk of bias (RoB) in SRs of a well-defined clinical topic.

Methods: A librarian searched Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PsycINFO for SRs investigating the effect of methylphenidate on ADHD in December 2020.

Accuracy of a faecal immunochemical test in patients under colonoscopy surveillance of colorectal adenoma and cancer.

Background: Surveillance of colorectal neoplasia place great strain on colonoscopy resources, and faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) are under-investigated for this purpose. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of FIT among patients scheduled for post-polypectomy and post-resection colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance.

Methods: Patients scheduled for colonoscopy surveillance at five endoscopy units in mid-Sweden in 2016-2020 were eligible.

[Conflicts of interest are ever present in medical research].

Considerable efforts have been undertaken to optimize the disclosures of authors but transparency alone will not solve the problem. Financial conflicts of interest in clinical trials are known to affect the research question, study design, and results as well as the conclusions. Non-financial conflicts of interest are less well studied.

Diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer of a quantitative faecal immunochemical test in symptomatic primary care patients: a study protocol.

Background: There is increasing evidence supporting the use of faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) in patients reporting symptoms associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), but most studies until now have focused on selected subjects already referred for investigation. We therefore set out to determine the accuracy and predictive values of FIT in a primary care population.

Method: A prospective, multicentre, single-gated comparative diagnostic study on quantitative FIT in patients aged 40 years and above presenting in primary care with symptoms associated with CRC will be conducted.

War termination and women's political rights.

Does the manner in which a civil war is terminated affect women's political rights developments? In this article, we develop an analytical framework showing how the context of war termination type affects both the opportunity and willingness of warring parties and their openness towards the influence of international actors, thereby making it possible to translate social ruptures and pressures from women's groups into post-war improvements in women's political rights. Studying 205 civil war terminations in 69 countries since 1989, we find support for our claim that a conflict terminated through the negotiation and implementation of a comprehensive peace agreement significantly improved women's political rights in the post-war period when compared to other types of conflict termination. This finding holds after controlling for the women's rights provisions negotiated in the agreement.

A population-based study on time trends of hemoglobin in primary care comparing prediagnostic colorectal cancer patients vs age- and sex-matched controls.

Background: Some 40% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients present with anemia. Temporal trends of gradually decreasing Hb are suggested as a supplementary diagnostic tool for CRC. We set out to explore this concept in a strictly defined population.

A Nationwide Cohort Study of Outcome after Pediatric Appendicitis.

Introduction:  Children with appendicitis often present with complicated disease. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical management of pediatric appendicitis, and to report how disease severity and operative modality are associated with short- and long-term risks of adverse outcome.

Materials And Methods:  A nationwide retrospective cohort study of all Swedish children (<18 years) diagnosed with appendicitis, 2001 to 2014 ( = 38,939).

Immune checkpoint inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1-axis in non-small cell lung cancer: promise, controversies and ambiguities in the novel treatment paradigm.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have received much attention not least for melanoma since the award of the Nobel prize in 2018. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the use of these monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These drugs have generally been conditionally approved on limited early data and there are few long-term follow-up data from randomized clinical trials.

Diagnostic accuracy of a quantitative faecal immunochemical test vs. symptoms suspected for colorectal cancer in patients referred for colonoscopy.

Determine diagnostic accuracy of a quantitative faecal immunochemical haemoglobin test (QuikRead go FIT, Orion Diagnostica Oy) in symptomatic patients referred for colonoscopy, at various cut-offs and for one or two tests. Patients referred to four endoscopy units in mid-Sweden between 2013 and 2017 provided information on lower abdominal symptoms and faecal samples from two separate days prior to colonoscopy. In all, 5.

Prognostic Potential of Circulating Tumor DNA Measurement in Postoperative Surveillance of Nonmetastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Importance: For patients with resected, nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), the optimal surveillance protocol remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate whether serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels detected disease recurrence earlier, compared with conventional postoperative surveillance, in patients with resected CRC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This study included patients (n = 58) with stage I, II, or III CRC who underwent radical surgical resection at 4 Swedish hospitals from February 2, 2007, to May 8, 2013.

First-degree relatives of cancer patients: a target group for primary prevention? A cross-sectional study.

Background: Persons with a first-degree relative (FDR) with cancer are at increased cancer risk. We investigated preventive behaviour, cancer risk perception and readiness to change an unhealthy lifestyle in persons with and without an FDR with cancer.

Methods: Using an online questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional study in Germany including persons (≥35 years) with an FDR with colorectal, lung, prostate, breast, stomach or cervical/uterine cancer (n = 621) and persons without cancer in FDRs (n = 303).

The effect of soot on ammonium nitrate species and NO2 selective catalytic reduction over Cu-zeolite catalyst-coated particulate filter.

A selective catalytic reduction (SCR)-coated particulate filter was evaluated by means of dynamic tests performed using NH3, NO2, O2 and H2O. The reactions were examined both prior to and after soot removal in order to study the effect of soot on ammonium nitrate formation and decomposition, ammonia storage and NO2 SCR. A slightly larger ammonia storage capacity was observed when soot was present in the sample, which indicated that small amounts of ammonia can adsorb on the soot.

Ethical dilemmas around the dying patient with stroke: a qualitative interview study with team members on stroke units in Sweden.

In Sweden, individuals affected by severe stroke are treated in specialized stroke units. In these units, patients are attended by a multiprofessional team with a focus on care in the acute phase of stroke, rehabilitation phase, and palliative phase. Caring for patients with such a large variety in condition and symptoms might be an extra challenge for the team.

Detection of circulating tumor DNA in early- and late-stage human malignancies.

The development of noninvasive methods to detect and monitor tumors continues to be a major challenge in oncology. We used digital polymerase chain reaction-based technologies to evaluate the ability of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to detect tumors in 640 patients with various cancer types. We found that ctDNA was detectable in >75% of patients with advanced pancreatic, ovarian, colorectal, bladder, gastroesophageal, breast, melanoma, hepatocellular, and head and neck cancers, but in less than 50% of primary brain, renal, prostate, or thyroid cancers.

The glimmering embers: experiences of hope among cancer patients in palliative home care.

Objective: The experience of hope among cancer patients in palliative care is important information for healthcare providers, but research on the subject is sparse. The aim of this article was to explore how cancer patients admitted to palliative home care experienced the significance of hope and used hope during 6 weeks throughout the last phase of their life, and to assess their symptoms and hope status during 6 weeks throughout the last phase of their lives.

Method: Eleven adult patients with cancer participated in 20 interviews and completed seven diaries.

Maintaining hope when close to death: insight from cancer patients in palliative home care.

Purpose: This article reports the social and psychological processes that 11 cancer patients receiving palliative home care used to keep their hope alive.

Method: The patients described their ways of dealing with hope in interviews and diaries, and it was from these accounts that the processes were extracted, using a grounded theory methodology.

Results: Two main processes emerged: maintaining life and preparing for death.

Common variants in human CRC genes as low-risk alleles.

The genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) has been estimated to be around 35% and yet high-penetrance germline mutations found so far explain less than 5% of all cases. Much of the remaining variations could be due to the co-inheritance of multiple low penetrant variants. The identification of all the susceptibility alleles could have public health relevance in the near future.

Lack of an association between the TGFBR1*6A variant and colorectal cancer risk.

Purpose: Recently a common variant of the TGFBR1 gene, TGFBR1*6A, has been proposed to act as a low-penetrance tumor susceptibility allele for colorectal cancer, but data from published studies with individually low statistical power are conflicting. To further evaluate the relationship between TGFBR1*6A and colorectal cancer risk, we have conducted a large case-control study and a meta-analysis of previously published studies.

Experimental Design: A total of 1,042 colorectal cancer cases and 856 population controls were genotyped for the TGFBR1*6A polymorphism.

Screening for biomarkers in plasma from patients with gangrenous and phlegmonous appendicitis using CE and CEC in combination with MS.

Today a high degree of "false" appendicitis diagnoses are occurring. In this study, a screening experiment of biomarkers of two different kinds of appendicitis, gangrenous and phlegmonous, were conducted with CE and CEC coupled to MS. Plasma samples were obtained from patients pre- and post-surgery.

The CHEK2 1100delC variant in Swedish colorectal cancer.

Background: The cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) 1100delC variant has recently been identified at high frequency in families with both breast and colorectal cancer, suggesting the possible role of this variant in colorectal cancer predisposition.

Patients And Methods: To evaluate the role of CHEK2 ll00delC among Swedish colorectal cancer patients, the variant frequency was determined in 174 selected familial cases, 644 unselected cases and 760 controls, as well as in l8 families used in the genome-wide linkage analysis, where weak linkage was seen for the region harboring the CHEK2 gene.

Results: CHEK2 l100delC was found in 1.