The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology: A single centre retrospective study.

Objective: To review the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) ordered at Department of Urology, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia for non-PCa related pathology.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for F-FDG PET/CT for non-prostate related conditions was conducted. Men were classified as benign, indeterminate, or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA velocity, biopsy histopathology, and three-Tesla (3 T) multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score, or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-PSMA) PET/CT results.

Primary tumour PSMA intensity is an independent prognostic biomarker for biochemical recurrence-free survival following radical prostatectomy.

Purpose: The prognostic value of PSMA intensity on PSMA PET/CT due to underlying biology and subsequent clinical implications is an emerging topic of interest. We sought to investigate whether primary tumour PSMA PET intensity contributes to pre- and post-operative prediction of oncological outcomes following radical prostatectomy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 848 men who underwent all of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), transperineal prostate biopsy, and  Ga-PSMA PET/CT prior to radical prostatectomy.

Combined Intravenous Urogram and 68Ga-PSMA PET/ CT for Improved Staging and Restaging of Prostate Cancer.

Staging/restaging of prostate cancer utilizing Gallium-68 (Ga) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in combination with an intravenous urogram allows improved discrimination between radiotracer activity in the renal tract and small pelvic nodes or local recurrences. Within this pictorial essay, we describe the imaging protocol utilized at our institution and present cases which demonstrate the utility of this combined imaging approach.

Solitary rib lesions showing prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake in pre-treatment staging Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography scans for men with prostate cancer: benign or malignant?

Objectives: To determine the proportion of solitary rib lesions on pre-treatment Gallium-labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/computed tomography (CT) scans in men with prostate cancer that are malignant and examine any predictive factors.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective single tertiary referral institution cohort study of men reviewed the results of Ga-PSMA-11 positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scans performed for primary staging prior to treatment of prostate cancer from July 2014 to September 2019. Men with PSMA uptake outside the prostate in only the rib lesion were included.

The use of Ga-PET/CT PSMA to determine patterns of disease for biochemically recurrent prostate cancer following primary radiotherapy.

Background: Ga-PET/CT PSMA scan is being increasingly used for the staging of biochemically recurrent disease. Early identification of recurrent disease after radiotherapy is important in considering suitability for early salvage therapy to improve prognosis. The aim is to identify patterns of suspected prostate cancer recurrence in relation to post-radiotherapy PSA levels, especially below the accepted Phoenix definition of PSA failure (PSA nadir + 2).

Risk of metastatic disease on gallium-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan for primary staging of 1253 men at the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Objective: To determine the number of men with gallium-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( Ga-PSMA PET/CT) avid metastasis at diagnosis, as most data on Ga-PSMA PET/CT are for the evaluation of recurrent disease after primary treatment and to our knowledge this study is the largest series of primary prostate cancer staging with Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review conducted on 1253 consecutive men referred by urologists or radiation oncologists to our tertiary referral centre for Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan for staging at the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer between July 2014 and June 2018. The primary outcome measure was to determine the risk of metastasis based on Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Unexpected significant findings non-related to prostate cancer identified using combined prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/CT and diagnostic CT scan in primary staging for prostate cancer.

Introduction: There is increasing scientific evidence that whole-body Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen ( Ga-PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) improves the sensitivity of prostate cancer detection above standard staging radiology. Diagnostic IV-contrasted CT scanning offers high-quality recognition and delineation of organs and structures with a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnoses of many non-prostate pathologies. At our institution, imaging for prostate cancer staging and restaging involves a Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan combined with a diagnostic IV-contrasted CT scan of the head, neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis.

Outcomes of Primary Lymph Node Staging of Intermediate and High Risk Prostate Cancer with Ga-PSMA Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography Compared to Histological Correlation of Pelvic Lymph Node Pathology.

Purpose: The majority of men who undergo pelvic lymph node dissection at radical prostatectomy have benign lymph node histology. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of preoperative Ga-PSMA (prostate specific membrane antigen) positron emission tomography/computerized tomography to predict histological metastasis on pelvic lymph node dissection performed during radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of preoperative staging Ga-PSMA positron emission tomography/computerized tomography to identify histological lymph node metastasis in 208 consecutive men who subsequently proceeded with pelvic lymph node dissection at radical prostatectomy.

Flourodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan may be helpful in the case of ductal variant prostate cancer when prostate specific membrane antigen ligand positron emission tomography scan is negative.

Gallium-68 prostate specific membrane antigen ligand (Ga-68 PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning is emerging as a useful imaging modality for the staging of suspected and known recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer and in staging of newly diagnosed higher grade prostate cancer. However, we have observed at our institution that in some cases of the more aggressive ductal variant, Ga-68 PSMA uptake has sometimes been poor compared with prominent 18-flourodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) avidity seen in F-18 FDG PET/CT, which would suggest that FDG PET/CT scans are important in staging of ductal pattern prostate cancer.

Unsuspected bilateral central acetabular fractures diagnosed with nuclear scintigraphy.

Unsuspected bilateral undisplaced acetabular fractures were diagnosed on a three-phase bone scan in a patient unable to weight-bear after an epileptic seizure.

The diagnostic role of dual femur bone density measurement in low-impact fractures.

A high correlation has been documented between the left and right femoral bone mineral densities in the normal population. This suggests that dual femur measurements are not justified in clinical practice. This study evaluated whether this premise holds for subjects who have lost bone mass and have sustained fractures with minimal trauma.