Persistent psychological distress in resettled refugee women-at-risk at one-year follow-up: Contributions of trauma, post-migration problems, loss, and trust.

The mental health of women has been largely neglected in the refugee literature, notwithstanding the specific gender-related issues that confront women seeking asylum. Furthermore, a specific category of women, deemed to be women-at-risk, face particular challenges in their journey and resettlement process. This longitudinal study investigated psychological distress in refugee women-at-risk one year after resettlement in Australia.

LLETZ make it simple: Anxiety, pain and treatment outcomes with outpatient large loop excision of the transformation zone under local anaesthesia.

Background: Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is the preferred treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia due to its effectiveness and ability to be performed in an outpatient setting under local anaesthesia (LA). Although current guidelines recommend that most LLETZ can be performed under LA, there is paucity in clinical data of patients' perspectives of outpatient LLETZ.

Aim: Determining patient acceptability of outpatient LLETZ through assessment of anxiety and pain scores, and comparing treatment outcomes with current standards in terms of margins status, negative histology, short-term morbidity rates and follow-up attendance.

Excisional treatment in women with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS): a prospective randomised controlled non-inferiority trial to compare AIS persistence/recurrence after loop electrosurgical excision procedure with cold knife cone biopsy: protocol for a pilot study.

Introduction: Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the uterine cervix is the precursor to invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma. An excisional biopsy such as a cold knife cone biopsy (CKC) should be performed to exclude invasive adenocarcinoma. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is an alternative modality to CKC but is controversial in AIS.

Risk of venous thromboembolism in women taking the combined oral contraceptive: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Much scientific, media and patient interest surrounds the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women taking combined oral contraceptives (COCs).

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess VTE risk in women taking COCs, focusing on drospirenone.

Methods: Literature searches of clinical studies on COCs in which VTE was reported were undertaken in May 2015.

Characterisation of ivermectin and multi-drug resistance in two field isolates of Teladorsagia circumcincta from Irish sheep flocks.

Ivermectin resistant Teladorsagia circumcincta were isolated from two Irish sheep farms. Parasite naïve lambs were artificially challenged with the isolates in order to test their sensitivity to benzimidazole (BZ), levamisole (LEV) and ivermectin (IVM) by means of a faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Both isolates were found to be resistant to all three anthelmintics with reductions of 47% (C.

Cytologic findings in stratified mucin-producing intraepithelial lesion of the cervix: A report of 34 cases.

Background: Stratified mucin-producing intraepithelial lesion (SMILE) is an uncommon variant of in situ carcinoma of the cervix. This study aimed to identify the cytologic features of SMILE since these have not been well documented previously.

Methods: The study group comprised 34 consecutive cases of SMILE encountered at a single institution in which a corresponding Papanicolaou smear, taken up to 12 months before histologic diagnosis, was available for review.

Utilization of radial artery access for percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in New York.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the utilization and outcomes for radial access for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) in common practice.

Background: Radial access for PCI has been studied considerably, but mostly in clinical trials.

Methods: All patients undergoing PCI for STEMI in 2009 to 2010 in New York were studied to determine the frequency and the patient-level predictors of radial access.

Improving the quality of weekend handover at Yeovil District Hospital.

"Handover of care is one of the most perilous procedures in medicine" (British Medical Association, Safe Handover, Safe Patients). The system in place for weekend handover at YDH was deemed disorganised, unstructured and frequently missing key pieces of information, leaving the on-call Foundation Year 1 (FY1) doctor with only vague jobs and management plans. Baseline surveys demonstrated that junior doctors felt the system was inadequate, potentially compromised patient safety and increased their stress levels.

Applying a performance monitoring framework to increase reach and adoption of children's healthy eating and physical activity programs.

The allocation of a significant amount of new funding for health promotion in Australia through the National Partnership Agreement on Preventive Health (2009-14) created a unique opportunity to implement a comprehensive approach to the prevention of chronic diseases and demonstrate significant health improvements. Building on existing health promotion infrastructure in Local Health Districts, the NSW Ministry of Health adopted a scaled-up state-wide capacity-building model, designed to alter policies and practices in key children's settings to increase healthy eating and physical activity among children. NSW also introduced a performance monitoring framework to track implementation and impacts.

Applying process mapping and analysis as a quality improvement strategy to increase the adoption of fruit, vegetable, and water breaks in Australian primary schools.

Over the past decade, public health policy in Australia has prioritized the prevention and control of obesity and invested in programs that promote healthy eating-related behaviors, which includes increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children. This article reports on a study that used process mapping and analysis as a quality improvement strategy to improve the delivery of a nutrition primary prevention program delivered in primary schools in New South Wales, Australia. Crunch&Sip® has been delivered since 2008.

Integrating parental leave into specialist training: experience of trainees and recently graduated RANZCOG Fellows.

Objectives: To ascertain the views of trainees and recently graduated Fellows of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists on their experiences of taking parental leave during specialist training.

Design: An anonymous online survey, conducted over a 1-month period from 16 August 2012 to 14 September 2012, of participants' experiences of taking parental leave and of the effects of parental leave taken by trainee colleagues on participants' own training.

Setting And Participants: All trainees undertaking training for the Fellowship of the College, and all Fellows who had graduated in the past 6 years were invited to take part.

The New York State risk score for predicting in-hospital/30-day mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives: This study sought to develop a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) risk score for in-hospital/30-day mortality.

Background: Risk scores are simplified linear scores that provide clinicians with quick estimates of patients' short-term mortality rates for informed consent and to determine the appropriate intervention. Earlier PCI risk scores were based on in-hospital mortality.

The New York risk score for in-hospital and 30-day mortality for coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Background: Simplified risk scores for coronary artery bypass graft surgery are frequently in lieu of more complicated statistical models and are valuable for informed consent and choice of intervention. Previous risk scores have been based on in-hospital mortality, but a substantial number of patients die within 30 days of the procedure. These deaths should also be accounted for, so we have developed a risk score based on in-hospital and 30-day mortality.

Evaluation framework for translational research: case study of Australia's get healthy information and coaching service(R).

The Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service® (GHS), a free government-funded telephone-delivered information and coaching service was launched in February 2009 by the Australian New South Wales state government. It represents the translation of research evidence applied in the real world (T4 or Phase 4 translation), aimed at addressing the modifiable risk factors associated with the overweight and obesity. In controlled settings, it has been established that telephone-based lifestyle counseling programs are efficacious in reducing anthropometric and behavioral risk factors.

The relationship between annual hospital volume of trauma patients and in-hospital mortality in New York State.

Background: Several studies in the literature have examined the volume-outcome relationship for trauma, but the findings have been mixed, and the associated impact of the trauma center level has not been examined to date. The purposes of this study are to (1) determine whether there is a significant relationship between the annual volume of trauma inpatients treated in a trauma center (with "patients" defined in multiple ways) and short-term mortality of those patients, and (2) examine the impact on the volume-mortality relationship of being a Level I versus Level II trauma center.

Methods: Data from New York's Trauma Registry in 2003 to 2006 were used to examine the impact of total trauma patient volume and volume of patients with Injury Severity Score (ISS) of at least 16 on in-hospital mortality rates after adjusting for numerous risk factors that have been demonstrated to be associated with mortality.

Munch and Move: evaluation of a preschool healthy eating and movement skill program.

Background: Early childhood services have been identified as a key setting for promoting healthy eating and physical activity as a means of preventing overweight and obesity. However, there is limited evidence on effective nutrition and physical activity programs in this setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Munch and Move, a low-intensity, state-wide, professional development program designed to support early childhood professionals to promote healthy eating and physical activity among children in their care.

The attitudes of Australian gynaecologists to HPV vaccination: an ASCCP survey.

Background: With human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines now approved for women up to 45 years of age, gynaecologists in Australia will be approached increasingly for advice on whether to have the HPV vaccine.

Aim: We seek to establish the attitudes of gynaecologists to HPV vaccination when advising women in various age groups.

Methods: Fellows, members and trainees of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists were approached in early 2009 to complete an Australian Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology survey, which they could return by post or internet on-line.

Opening up Australian preschoolers' lunchboxes.

Objective: Early childhood services have been identified as key settings for promoting healthy eating and obesity prevention. However, little is known about the obesity-related behaviours of preschool-aged children or food-related policies in these settings. The purpose of this study was to describe the contents of preschoolers' lunchboxes to inform future interventions.

The Sydney Diabetes Prevention Program: a community-based translational study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem in Australia with prevalence increasing in parallel with increasing obesity. Prevention is an essential component of strategies to reduce the diabetes burden. There is strong and consistent evidence from randomised controlled trials that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed through lifestyle modification which improves diet, increases physical activity and achieves weight loss in at risk people.

Physical activity policies and practices of childcare centres in Australia.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the physical activity-related policies and practices of childcare services; and to determine if service size, socioeconomic or remoteness characteristics predict such policies and practices.

Methods: Authorized supervisors of 216 licensed pre-schools and long day care centres participated in a brief telephone survey.

Results: Few services had a written physical activity policy, programmed time each day for fundamental movement skill development, or had staff trained in physical activity.

Parental perceptions of barriers to children's participation in organised sport in Australia.

Aim: To examine parents' perceptions on how cost, time, travel and the variety of organised sporting activities influence their decisions to allow their child to participate in organised sport; and recent expenditure on sport-related items for their child.

Methods: Computerised assisted telephone interviews survey of 402 parents of children aged 5-17 years old living in New South Wales, Australia.

Results: Overall, 63% of children participated in organised sporting activities.

Fundamental movement skills among Australian preschool children.

Early childhood is a critical period for the development of fundamental movement skills (FMS). Children who do not master FMS are more likely to experience failure in the motor domain and less likely to participate in sport and games during childhood and adolescence. Studies among primary school aged children report low levels of FMS mastery indicating the need to implement FMS programs during the preschool years.

Parental awareness and attitudes of food marketing to children: a community attitudes survey of parents in New South Wales, Australia.

Aim: To determine parents' attitudes and awareness of food marketing to children.

Method: Computer-assisted telephone interviews of a random sample of 400 parents of children aged 5-17 years and who were the main grocery buyers for that household, living in NSW, Australia. The main outcome measures included parental awareness and attitudes relating to food marketing to children, the perceived role of government versus industry in food marketing regulation and children's food purchasing requests as a result of exposure to food marketing.

Double standards for community sports: promoting active lifestyles but unhealthy diets.

Issue Addressed: Overweight and obesity in Australia is an emerging health concern. Obesity prevention initiatives must consider both physical activity and nutrition to be effective. Community sports venues have the capacity to promote healthy lifestyles through physical activity as well as healthy food choices.