Publications by authors named "Louis Z Cai"
Introduction: Demarcation laser photocoagulation (DLP) is an infrequently utilized modality for limited retinal detachments. The current study, a retrospective consecutive case series, reviewed anatomic and visual outcomes in these patients at a single academic center.
Case Presentations: A search of the electronic medical record identified 10 eyes of 10 patients.
Stickler syndrome, a rare connective tissue disorder, presents with a broad spectrum of ocular manifestations, including myopia, vitreoretinal degeneration, glaucoma, and retinal detachment. While extensive data exists on the treatment outcomes of retinal detachment repair in Stickler syndrome, the potential risks associated with acute postoperative intraocular pressure elevation remain underexplored. We report the case of a 10-year-old boy with Stickler syndrome who underwent scleral buckling surgery and subsequently experienced ocular hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo assess current trends in vitreoretinal surgical fellowship training for placement of secondary intraocular lenses (IOLs). : A cross-sectional survey was administered to vitreoretinal surgical fellowship graduates who completed their program between 2019 and 2023. Completed responses were obtained from 70 (22.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the effectiveness of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 with vision in diagnosing vitreoretinal diseases in real-world settings at Bascom Palmer Eye Clinic, analyzing retrospective patient data from 2010 to 2023.
- Results showed low diagnostic accuracy, with 13.7% for open-ended questions and 31.3% for multiple-choice questions, while ICD-10 coding accuracy was similarly low, particularly struggling with complex cases.
- The findings suggest that while the model has potential in clinical care, particularly for standardized questions, it has significant limitations in handling more complex medical inquiries.
Purpose: To investigate the ability of generative artificial intelligence models to answer ophthalmology board-style questions.
Design: Experimental study.
Methods: This study evaluated 3 large language models (LLMs) with chat interfaces, Bing Chat (Microsoft) and ChatGPT 3.
Purpose: To evaluate seasonal and environmental variations on the incidence and outcomes of postinjection endophthalmitis.
Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted including all patients diagnosed with post-injection endophthalmitis between 2013-2018. Associations between climate variables and endophthalmitis incidence were evaluated.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to identify risk factors associated with poor visual outcomes after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and to create a practical scoring system for predicting these outcomes.* -
- In analyzing data from 1178 patients, key preoperative risk factors included proliferative vitreoretinopathy, previous anti-VEGF injections, significant vision loss before surgery, ocular comorbidities, and older age, all of which correlated with worse visual results.* -
- The developed PRO score indicated that as the score increased, the likelihood of poor visual outcomes also rose significantly, providing a tool that could be beneficial for doctors in assessing patients' risks post-surgery.*
Barriers to Follow-Up Retinal Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study.
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
October 2021
Background And Objective: To characterize patient-identified barriers to care in those non-compliant with retina appointments during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Patients And Methods: Inclusion criteria included non-compliant patients from March 1, 2020 to May 1, 2020. Ultimately, 1,345 patients were invited to complete a 14-question survey.
Article Synopsis
- The purpose of the study was to assess the outcomes of eyes that developed endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, specifically comparing treatments with and without microbiologic cultures.
- The study included 165 cases from July 2013 to September 2019, dividing them into two groups: one that received microbiologic sampling while treated with antibiotics and another that did not send samples for culture.
- Results showed that while there was a slight difference in visual acuity loss between the two groups at the 6-month follow-up, management without cultures may still be a viable strategy when microbiologic facilities are unavailable.
Purpose Of Review: To illustrate retinal pigment epithelium hamartomas (RPEHs) in a patient with known Turcot syndrome and to demonstrate the significance of these lesions in other colonic polyposis syndromes.
Recent Findings: The presence of multiple, bilateral RPEHs is a specific marker for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Recent studies have noted RPEHs in associated syndromes including Gardner and Turcot syndromes.
Background/purpose: To identify geographic and socioeconomic variables predictive of residential proximity to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) clinical trial locations.
Methods: This cross-sectional epidemiological study used census tract-level data from three national public data sets and trial-level data from ClinicalTrials.gov.
Importance: The ophthalmology residency application process is critical for applicants and residency programs, and knowledge about the preferences of applicants would assist both groups in improving the process.
Objective: To evaluate the experiences and preferences of ophthalmology residency applicants.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional, nonvalidated survey was conducted online.
Article Synopsis
- Cancer develops through genomic changes influenced by natural selection, but the timing of changes associated with metastasis is unclear.
- Uveal melanoma (UM), the most common eye cancer, often leads to metastatic death linked to BAP1 mutations and is ideal for studying how tumors evolve.
- Analysis of 151 UM samples revealed that BAP1 mutations occur early in tumor development, suggesting that a tumor’s potential to spread is determined early, explaining why treatment advancements haven't improved survival rates.