Dry spinal tap during real-time ultrasound-guided paramedian spinal injection with patient in the lateral decubitus position: A single-centre retrospective study.

Background: Real-time ultrasound-guided (USG) spinal injection is generally performed via the paramedian sagittal oblique (PMSO) ultrasound window.

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to draw attention to the occurrence of 'dry tap' during real-time USG spinal injection.

Design: Single-centre retrospective study.