The Portion of Health Care Costs Associated With Lifestyle-Related Modifiable Health Risks Based on a Sample of 223,461 Employees in Seven Industries: The UM-HMRC Study.

Objective: This study estimates the percent of health care costs associated with employees' modifiable health risks.

Methods: Cross-sectional multivariate analysis of 223,461 employees from seven industries who completed a health risk assessment during 2007 to 2012.

Results: Modifiable health risks were associated with 26.

Financial costs due to excess health risks among active employees of a utility company.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the health risk-related excess costs of time away from work, medical claims, pharmacy claims, and total costs with and without considering the prevalence of health risks.

Methods: A total of 2082 of 4266 employees of a Midwest utility participated in a health risk appraisal (HRA). Individuals were classified by their HRA participation status and also by 15 health risks.

Participation in employer-sponsored wellness programs before and after retirement.

Objectives: To evaluate wellness program participation before and after retirement.

Methods: This retrospective cohort design compares 3 groups of employees: 1998-1999 retirees (N=6065), 1994-1995 retirees (N=5862), and 21,176 employees who were still active as of 2002. Participation was compared over 2 time periods for high-intensity and low-intensity programs.

Association between wellness score from a health risk appraisal and prospective medical claims costs.

This study examines how wellness scores generated from the Health Risk Appraisal are associated with prospective medical claims costs, controlling for age, gender, and disease status. The study was conducted among 19,861 active employees who participated in the Health Risk Appraisal and selected indemnity or PPO medical plans from 1996 to 1998. A multiple regression model based on group averages of age, gender, disease status, and wellness score levels was developed among a randomly selected screening subsample (n=10,172) from the study sample.

Influence of participation in a worksite health-promotion program on disability days.

This study assessed the impact of health-promotion program participation on short-term and long-term disability absence days during a 6-year period in a manufacturing company. Male, hourly, active employees (n = 4189) were analyzed from 1995 to 2000. Disability absences were compared for program participants and nonparticipants from baseline (1995) through 5 years of the program.