Conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence area decreases with age and sunglasses use.

Background: Conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) is a method of detecting conjunctival damage related to ultraviolet radiation exposure. In cross-sectional studies, CUVAF area is positively associated with self-reported time spent outdoors and pterygium and negatively associated with myopia; however, longitudinal studies are scarce.

Aims: To use a novel deep learning-based tool to assess 8-year change in CUVAF area in young adults, investigate factors associated with this change and identify the number of new onset pterygia.

Ptosis, ophthalmoplegia and corneal endothelial disease - ocular manifestations of mitochondrial disease.

Purpose: To describe two patients with bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, cataracts and corneal endothelial disease requiring corneal transplantation.

Observations: Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy samples from both patients identified features consistent with a mitochondrial cytopathy. A single multigenic mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) deletion was detected in the first patient.

Laser-assisted corneal transplantation surgery.

Corneal transplant surgeries have a broad range of indications with outcomes largely dependent on surgeon experience. Traditional manual techniques have certain limitations pertaining to the preparation of donor tissue and the recipient bed that might affect the predictability of visual outcomes. Use of lasers for keratoplasty procedures not only improves the repeatability and consistency of the technique, but also enables the surgeon to control the thickness and shape of the transplant tissue tailored to the specific condition.

Impact of corneal refractive surgery on the precorneal tear film.

Corneal refractive surgeries are one of the commonly performed procedures for correction of refractive errors. Tear film abnormality is the most common postoperative complication of corneal refractive surgeries. Consequently, these procedures represent a clinically significant cause of dry eye disease.

Prevalence of Keratoconus Based on Scheimpflug Imaging: The Raine Study.

Purpose: To describe the prevalence and systemic associations of keratoconus in young adults in Perth, Western Australia.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: One thousand two hundred fifty-nine participants 20 years of age.

Has the Sun Protection Campaign in Australia Reduced the Need for Pterygium Surgery Nationally?

Background: The Slip! Slop! Slap! Sunsmart safety campaign was an Australian initiative implemented in the 1980s. To assess this campaign's effect on pterygium, we examined the rate of pterygium surgery across Australia and described the prevalence and associations of pterygium in Perth, Australia's sunniest capital city.

Methods: The rate of pterygium surgery was examined using Australian Medicare data.

Techniques of noncircular corneal transplantation.

Purpose Of Review: The management of peripheral corneal diseases, including Mooren's ulcer, Terrien's marginal degeneration, peripheral ulcerative keratitis and pellucid marginal degeneration is challenging. Circular grafts must either be very large, resulting in the excision of healthy tissue, or eccentric, leading to high levels of astigmatism. This review summarizes the range of noncircular keratoplasty procedures available to surgeons, in addition to their indications, and surgical techniques.

Gram-negative endophthalmitis: A prospective study examining the microbiology, clinical associations and visual outcomes following infection.

Importance: This is the largest Gram-negative endophthalmitis specific series and provides important evidence to guide management.

Background: Endophthalmitis is a sight-threatening emergency. Gram-negative infections are associated with poorer visual outcomes; however, there is limited literature pertaining to this uncommon condition.

Shaped corneal transplantation surgery.

Since its inception in 1905, keratoplasty techniques have continuously evolved. Shaped keratoplasty procedures have allowed corneal surgeons to use complex graft-host junctions and non-circular graft designs to optimise wound strength and healing, facilitate early suture removal and expedite visual rehabilitation. While this was initially limited to penetrating procedures, shaped lamellar keratoplasty techniques have since emerged.

Management of corneal perforations: An update.

Corneal perforation is a potentially devastating complication that can result from numerous conditions that precipitate corneal melting. It is associated with significant morbidity and prompt intervention is necessary to prevent further complications. Causes include microbial keratitis, ocular surface disease, and autoimmune disorders and trauma.

Single Muscle Transposition in the Management of Monocular Elevation Deficiency.

Monocular elevation deficiency is characterized by the inability to elevate one eye in abduction, adduction, and primary gaze. To date, various operations, including Knapp's procedure, have been used in the management of hypotropia associated with this condition. However, single muscle transposition has only recently been described as a feasible alternative, offering a number of advantages over other techniques.

Comparative Evaluation Of Clinical Characteristics And Visual Outcomes Of Traumatic And Non-Traumatic Graft Dehiscence Following Corneal Transplantation Surgery.

Purpose: To compare patient demographics, clinical associations and visual outcomes between traumatic and non-traumatic wound dehiscence, following corneal transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective review of all patients presenting with post-keratoplasty wound dehiscence to the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital between January 2005 and December 2017. Patients with wound dehiscence following keratoplasty of any cause were included.

Estimation of heritability and familial correlation in myopia is not affected by past sun exposure.

: To consider the effect of including past sun exposure in estimating heritability and familial correlation of myopia-related traits.: We calculate familial correlation and heritability of anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), corneal curvature (CC), and spherical equivalent (SphE), with or without past sun exposure as a covariate, in a large number of unrelated nuclear families from the Raine Study (parents: Gen1, offspring: Gen2) residing in Perth, Australia, a city with a high amount of daily sunlight. Past sun exposure was objectively measured using conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF) photography.

Choroidal Melanoma Metastatic to the Contralateral Medial Rectus After Orbital Exenteration.

A 78-year-old Caucasian woman presented with pain in her right and only eye that was worse on abduction. Her history was significant for a choroidal melanoma affecting her left eye for which she underwent an orbital exenteration 12 years previously. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the right orbit identified a mass lesion affecting the medial rectus, suspicious for metastatic melanoma.

Postoperative detection of unusual pathology in donor corneal tissue.

We present a series of three patients with previously undetected corneal pathology in grafted corneal tissue following keratoplasty for keratoconus. Postoperatively, a faint layer of anterior stromal haze involving the graft was observed in each patient upon slit lamp examination. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) confirmed the presence of anterior stromal scarring across the transplanted cornea.

Hybrid Neurofibroma/Schwannoma of the Orbit.

A 68-year-old female presented for assessment of a space occupying lesion of her right orbit, demonstrated on MRI. An upper lid crease anterior orbitotomy was performed and the lesion excised completely. Postoperatively, she had reduced sensation in the distribution of the supraorbital nerve.

SCALP syndrome: What is it and its ophthalmic manifestations.

Purpose: To present the ophthalmic manifestations of a 3-month old female with SCALP syndrome.

Observations: The patient presented with multiple ocular anomalies including bilateral limbal dermoids, esotropia and left optic nerve hypoplasia.

Conclusions: We describe systemic and ocular anomalies in a rare case of SCALP syndrome.