Reference limits for blood gas analysis performed from coccygeal vessels of multiparous Holstein dairy cows: Effects of stage of lactation and season of sampling.

Blood gas analysis is a great support to the diagnostic process of critically ill patients. Its correct application to the medicine of dairy cows depends on the availability of specific reference intervals that are still difficult to find in the literature. They may vary according to the type of blood sampled, the animals' age and production stage, and climatic conditions.

Perception of congenital cardiac surgery as a career choice among cardiothoracic surgery trainees in the United Kingdom.

Objectives: Our goal was to evaluate interest among trainees in pursuing congenital cardiac surgery (CCS) as a sub-specialty career and probe for reasons in decline in interest.

Methods: An anonymized, voluntary survey of cardiothoracic surgical trainees across the United Kingdom and Ireland was conducted from October 2020 to December 2020. The questionnaire included demographics, congenital experience and career intentions.

Psychological interventions for depression in adolescent and adult congenital heart disease.

Background: Despite improvements in medical care, the quality of life of adults and adolescents with congenital heart disease remains strongly affected by their condition, often leading to depression. Psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, and other talking therapies may be effective in treating depression in both adults and young adults with congenital heart disease. The aim of this review was to assess the effects of treatments, such as psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapies, and talking therapies for treating depression in this population.

Combining Congenital Heart Surgical and Interventional Cardiology Outcome Data in a Single Database: The Development of a Patient-Centered Collaboration of the European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association (ECHSA) and the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC).

The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association (ECHSA) Congenital Database (CD) is the second largest clinical pediatric and congenital cardiac surgical database in the world and the largest in Europe, where various smaller national or regional databases exist. Despite the dramatic increase in interventional cardiology procedures over recent years, only scattered national or regional databases of such procedures exist in Europe. Most importantly, no congenital cardiac database exists in the world that seamlessly combines both surgical and interventional cardiology data on an international level; therefore, the outcomes of surgical and interventional procedures performed on the same or similar patients cannot easily be tracked, assessed, and analyzed.

Combining Congenital Heart Surgical and Interventional Cardiology Outcome Data in a Single Database: The Development of a Patient-Centered Collaboration of the European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association (ECHSA) and the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC).

The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association (ECHSA) Congenital Database (CD) is the second largest clinical pediatric and congenital cardiac surgical database in the world and the largest in Europe, where various smaller national or regional databases exist. Despite the dramatic increase in interventional cardiology procedures over recent years, only scattered national or regional databases of such procedures exist in Europe. Most importantly, no congenital cardiac database exists in the world that seamlessly combines both surgical and interventional cardiology data on an international level; therefore, the outcomes of surgical and interventional procedures performed on the same or similar patients cannot easily be tracked, assessed, and analyzed.

Cerebral blood flow velocity and oxygenation in neonatal aortic arch repair at two perfusion temperatures.

Objectives: (i) To monitor cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFv) throughout aortic arch repair surgery and during the recovery period. (ii) To examine the relationship between transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during cardiac surgery. (iii) To examine CBFv in patients cooled to 20°C and 25°C.

Metabolic constraints and individual variation shape the trade-off between physiological recovery and anti-predator responses in adult sockeye salmon.

Metabolic scope represents the aerobic energy budget available to an organism to perform non-maintenance activities (e.g., escape a predator, recover from a fisheries interaction, compete for a mate).

Ventricular Septal Defect Exposure by Tricuspid Valve Chordal Detachment-A Retrospective Matched Study.

Transatrial approach is the standard method in repairing ventricular septal defects (VSD) in the pediatric population. However, the tricuspid valve (TV) apparatus might obscure the inferior border of the VSD risking the adequacy of repair by leaving residual VSD or heart block. Detachment of the TV chordae has been described as an alternative technique to TV leaflet detachment.

Facilitators and barriers of physical activity participation in children with a single ventricle physiology: a mixed-methods study.

Background: The present study focuses on assessing the physical activity level of children with Fontan circulation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and identifying potential barriers and facilitators toward their participation in physical activity.

Patients And Methods: Seven children aged 5-16 years (mean (SD) 8.8 (3.

Urgent Excision of Primary Intracardiac Burkitt Lymphoma in a Child.

A 9-year-old girl presented with a recent history of shortness of breath, fatigue, visual disturbances, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Echocardiography demonstrated three large intracardiac masses in the right and left atria protruding into the mitral and tricuspid valve orifices causing bilateral inflow obstruction. She underwent urgent surgical excision of the masses.

Contemporary outcomes of aortic arch hypoplasia and coarctation repair in a tertiary paediatric cardiac surgery centre.

Objectives: There are several studies reporting the outcomes of hypoplastic aortic arch and aortic coarctation repair with combination of techniques. However, only few studies reported of aortic arch and coarctation repair using a homograft patch through sternotomy and circulatory arrest with retrograde cerebral perfusion. We report our experience and outcomes of this cohort of neonates and infants.

A qualitative study exploring risk perception in congenital cardiac surgery: the perspective of UK surgeons.

Introduction: Managing risk is central to clinical care, yet most research focuses on patient perception, as opposed to how risk is enacted within the clinical setting by healthcare professionals.

Aim: To explore how surgical risk is perceived, encountered, and managed by congenital cardiac surgeons.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 congenital cardiac surgeons representing every unit across England and Wales.

Infected juvenile salmon can experience increased predation during freshwater migration.

Predation risk for animal migrants can be impacted by physical condition. Although size- or condition-based selection is often observed, observing infection-based predation is rare due to the difficulties in assessing infectious agents in predated samples. We examined predation of outmigrating sockeye salmon () smolts by bull trout () in south-central British Columbia, Canada.

Native Pulmonary Valve Restoration Late Following Transannular Patch Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot.

We present a surgical case of native pulmonary valve (PV) restoration in a 16-year-old boy with a previous history of transannular patch repair of tetralogy of Fallot in infancy. The PV was restored by approximation of split anterior commissure in the presence of developed and pliable leaflets well preserved after initial surgery. Postoperative echocardiogram showed a competent valve with peak velocity of 2.

COVID-19 and congenital heart disease: an insight of pathophysiology and associated risks.

Objective: We aimed to examine the literature to determine if both paediatric and adult patients diagnosed with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at a higher risk of poor outcomes if they have the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), compared to those without CHD.

Methods: A systematic review was executed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. To identify articles related to COVID-19 and CHD, an extensive literature search was performed on EMBASE, Medline, Scopus, and Global Health databases using keywords and MeSH terms.

Aortopexy for the management of paediatric tracheomalacia - the Alder Hey experience.

Background: Whilst aortopexy is an accepted and established procedure, there remains considerable heterogeneity within the literature, with inconsistencies in both the approach taken and the technique employed. Furthermore, limited data exist on both patient selection and long-term outcomes. This study aimed to report the experience of managing severe tracheomalacia by way of aortopexy in a large UK paediatric centre.

Risk factors for claw disorders in intensively finished Charolais beef cattle.

This cross-sectional study aimed at performing a risk factor analysis of on-farm housing and management factors associated with infectious and non-infectious claw disorders of intensively finished Charolais young bulls and heifers. Claws' health condition of a total of 1305 animals belonging to 88 batches finished in farms located in the Eastern Po Valley (Italy) was assessed at slaughterhouse. Batch prevalence of feet affected by sole hemorrhage (SH) and white line abscess (WLA) was calculated and foot condition was summarized by infectious lesion (ILS) and non-infectious lesion (NILS) scores according to diseases' etiology.

Biomarkers of Inflammation and Lung Recovery in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients With Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: A Feasibility Study.

Objectives: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a treatment for Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn with high mortality.

Hypothesis: the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit results in inflammatory responses that mitigate against successful weaning.

Design: Single-center prospective observational feasibility study.

Congenital Cardiac Surgery and Parental Perception of Risk: A Quantitative Analysis.

Introduction: Interpretation of risk by parents of children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery is poorly documented. The available evidence highlights a dichotomy where clinicians suggest parents may not grasp the complexity and risk associated with procedures, while some parents suggest risk is unnecessarily overemphasized.

Aim: To quantify how risk is perceived by parents.

Congenital cardiac surgery and parental perception of risk: a qualitative study.

Introduction: The way risk is interpreted by parents of children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery is poorly documented. Literature suggests clinicians have concerns that parents may not understand the complexity of procedures. Conversely, some parents perceive an unnecessary over-emphasis of risks.

Language Specificity in Phonetic Cue Weighting: Monolingual and Bilingual Perception of the Stop Voicing Contrast in English and Spanish.

Background/aims: This work examines the perception of the stop voicing contrast in Spanish and English along four acoustic dimensions, comparing monolingual and bilingual listeners. Our primary goals are to test the extent to which cue-weighting strategies are language-specific in monolinguals, and whether this language specificity extends to bilingual listeners.

Methods: Participants categorized sounds varying in voice onset time (VOT, the primary cue to the contrast) and three secondary cues: fundamental frequency at vowel onset, first formant (F1) onset frequency, and stop closure duration.

How bilinguals perceive speech depends on which language they think they're hearing.

Bilinguals understand when the communication context calls for speaking a particular language and can switch from speaking one language to speaking the other based on such conceptual knowledge. There is disagreement regarding whether conceptually-based language selection is also possible in the listening modality. For example, can bilingual listeners perceptually adjust to changes in pronunciation across languages based on their conceptual understanding of which language they're currently hearing? We asked French- and Spanish-English bilinguals to identify nonsense monosyllables as beginning with /b/ or /p/, speech categories that French and Spanish speakers pronounce differently than English speakers.