The very-low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is recommended as an effective dietary approach for the management of obesity. This study investigated changes in circulating biomarkers of redox homeostasis induced by a multiphase VLCKD in obese individuals. A total of 40 obese subjects were prescribed a multiphasic VLCKD for eleven weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity has been steadily increasing over the past four decades, with projections indicating a significant rise in the number of affected individuals by 2045. Therapeutic interventions in T2DM aim to control blood glucose levels and reduce the risk of complications. Dietary and lifestyle modifications play a crucial role in the management of T2DM and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: At diagnosis, more than 80% of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) suffer from significant weight loss due to malnutrition which is a major concern for patient management, and this may negatively impact treatment outcomes and patient prognosis.
Patients And Methods: We performed an observational, retrospective study on patients with metastatic PC (mPC) undergoing first-line chemotherapy with nab-Paclitaxel containing schedules and receiving or not receiving nutritional support (NS) and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) to investigate their relevance in this setting.
Results: We observed that PERT and ancillary dietary interventions are related to longer overall survival (OS; median: 16.
Effective nutrition therapy is a pressing issue in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. As such, this research aimed to determine the performance of a revised dietary strategy built on the protein-sparing diet in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus with regard to obtaining a rapid and stable improvement in glucometabolic control, body weight, body composition, and energy metabolism when applying the strategy in just twenty-one days. The revised protein-sparing diet differs from the traditional protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF) because it does not include foods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women during reproductive age. It is characterized clinically by oligo-ovulation or anovulation, hyper-androgenism, and the presence of polycystic ovaries. Often comorbid with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity, it also carries significant risk for the development of cardio-vascular and metabolic sequelae, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity is a multifactorial disease strongly associated with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Correct nutrition represents a valid strategy to fight these dysmetabolic pathologies responsible for numerous diseases, including inflammatory and cardiovascular ones. Medical nutrition therapy, including a Mediterranean diet (MD) and a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLKCD), is the first-line treatment for prediabetes/diabetes and overweight/obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
November 2021
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a commonly occurring endocrine disorder characterized by hirsutism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Often comorbid with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity, it also carries significant risk for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic sequelae, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The relationship between central obesity and the development of insulin resistance is widely verified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα) blockers are common and effective treatments for several autoimmune diseases but can be associated with neuroinflammatory events. We describe the disease course of ten patients who developed CNS demyelinating events while exposed to TNFα blockers. We divided them into two groups: eight patients with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis and two isolated optic neuritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci
March 2020
Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that affect both white and gray matter. The relapsing and the eventually progressive course of MS is heterogeneous; thus, a confident long-term prediction of individual prognosis is not possible yet. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) as potential biomarkers that could provide information to predict disease activity and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Respiratory alemtuzumab-related adverse events are clinically heterogeneous and include respiratory infections, infusion-related dyspnea, hypoxia and secondary autoimmune disorders.
Case Report: Here we report three cases of drug-induced lung disease following treatment with alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis patients. First case was diagnosed as a non-specified intestitial pneumonitis associated with organizing pneumonia with subacute onset, second case was an acute respiratory distress syndrome with onset during second cycle, third case was a diffuse acute alveolar hemorrhage during first cycle infusion.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
October 2019
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory, neurodegenerative disorder. Many studies are investigating the potential role of body fluid biomarkers as prognostic factors for early identification of patients presenting with clinical isolated syndrome (CIS) at high risk for conversion to MS or to recognize RRMS patients at high risk for progression.
Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between levels of BAFF, chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1), sCD163, Osteopontin (OPN), both on serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), and the disease activity and progression.
Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a monophasic post-infectious demyelinating disease, clinically defined by the acute onset of polyfocal neurological deficits including encephalopathy. A subset of ADEM patients will subsequently be diagnosed with relapsing disorders, including recurrent DEM (RDEM), multiphasic DEM (MDEM), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we describe the case of an adult patient, who presented two ADEM-like episodes after a very long (8 years) symptoms-free period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and its most common polymorphism Val66Met are known to have a role in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Evidence is accumulating that there is an involvement of DNA methylation in the regulation of BDNF expression. The aim of this study was to assess in blood samples of MS patients the correlation between the methylation status of the CpG site near BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism and the severity of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: High-dose pulsed methylprednisolone-related liver injury cases have been reported in the literature, but a prospective study in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has never been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of liver injury in patients with MS after pulsed methylprednisolone therapy.
Methods: We performed a prospective observational single-center study on patients with MS treated with i.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease that involve oligodendrocyte loss and failure to remyelinate damaged brain areas causing a progressive neurological disability. Studies in MS mouse model suggest that cannabinoids ameliorate symptoms as spasticity, tremor and pain reducing inflammation via cannabinoid-mediated system. The aim of our study is to investigate the changes in cannabinoid type 1 (CNR1) and 2 (CNR2) receptors mRNA expression levels and promoter methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MS secondary progressive (MSS-SP) patients treated with Sativex®.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Fatigue and sleep disorders are frequently reported in patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) but the causes and the relationship are not yet fully understood. This study aimed at evaluating their prevalence, at determining the relationships between clinical findings of MS and the occurrence of sleep disorders and at investigating the relations between sleep disorders and fatigue.
Methods: One hundred and two MS patients were enrolled in the study.
Background: Dysfunctions of the upper limbs occur in the 66% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. To date, no data, about the persistence of the effects of a rehabilitation treatment and no prognostic markers of functional improvement, have been established.
Aim: The aim of this study was to define clinical data supporting the efficacy of a rehabilitation treatment in MS patients with upper limb impairment and to find prognostic factors for functional improvement.
Introduction: Dimethyl-fumarate is a recently approved drug for relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis in Italy.
Clinical Case: A 55-year-old woman started therapy with dimethyl-fumarate on June 2014; it was well-tolerated aside from moderate flushing. Starting September 2014 she noticed a progressive hair loss, that neither the dermatological examination nor clinical and medical history nor blood investigations could explain.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological disability. There is an interest in potential biomarkers that could provide information predicting disease activity and progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human disorders, such as oncologic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Depression is common amongst subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS), and several investigations have explored different determinants of this condition, including physical disability, psychological and psychosocial factors. The brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism has been associated with depression. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of disease-related factors, BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and perception of disease on the severity of depression in MS.
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