Pyruvate Decarboxylase is Less Effective Than That of for Ethanol Production in Metabolically Engineered sp. PCC6803.

To produce bioethanol from model cyanobacteria such as , a two gene cassette consisting of genes encoding pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are required to transform pyruvate first to acetaldehyde and then to ethanol. However the partition of pyruvate to ethanol comes at a cost, a reduction in biomass and pyruvate availability for other metabolic processes. Hence strategies to divert flux to ethanol as a biofuel in are of interest.

Is satisfaction with surgeon a determining factor in patient reported outcomes in breast reconstruction?

Background: Patient reported outcomes are increasingly being taken into account in planning health service provision. Few studies have examined how the process of care influences patients' perception of outcome. The aim of the current study was to quantify patient satisfaction with breast reconstruction and to examine the demographic, disease and process-of-care variables that contributed to satisfaction with breasts and overall outcome.