Cost analysis of intraoperative frozen section examinations in thyroid surgery in a Canadian tertiary center.

Objective: To perform a cost analysis of the routine intraoperative frozen section (FS) examinations in the management of patients undergoing thyroid surgery for unilateral thyroid nodules with benign or indeterminate cytology on preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs).

Method: A retrospective chart review of 190 consecutive patients with unilateral thyroid nodules undergoing thyroid surgery was undertaken between March 2006 and March 2008. The results of FNAB, FS, and final histology were obtained from the pathology report.

Aneurysmal bone cysts of the head and neck in pediatric patients: a case series.

Objectives: To characterize aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) of the head and neck as seen at a tertiary care center.

Design: A case series.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with aneurysmal bone cyst of the head and neck treated at the Hospital for Sick Children during the years 1994-2006 was carried out.

Therapeutic options for lip augmentation.

Aesthetic ideals vary with emerging fashion trends and within different cultures. However, over the past few decades, fuller lips have been considered a desirable trait. Many younger patients are presenting for lip augmentation to achieve the sought-after look commonly seen in many fashion magazines.

Treatment alternatives for the lip-cheek groove.

This article discusses a new clinical classification system of the lip-cheek groove to better manage this clinical problem. Treatment options ranging from injectable fillers to allogenic implants and surgical techniques, including thread-lifts and malar fat pad elevation, are discussed.

Review of non-FDA-approved fillers.

The number of commercially available injectable soft tissue fillers has increased dramatically worldwide over the past decade. In the United States, a variety of temporary non-collagen-based fillers have been approved. However, no permanent soft tissue injectable fillers are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

Caspase inhibition improves ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation.

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with cell death in many organ systems. The role of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways and the ultimate clinical relevance of PCD in the context of lung transplantation (LTx) are unknown. In randomized and blinded studies, rat single LTx was performed in the presence of caspase inhibitors after 'short' (6 h) and 'long' (18 h) periods of cold ischemic storage.