Engineering the expression of an anti-interleukin-13 antibody through rational design and mutagenesis.

High levels of protein expression are key to the successful development and manufacture of a therapeutic antibody. Here, we describe two related antibodies, Ab001 and Ab008, where Ab001 shows a markedly lower level of expression relative to Ab008 when stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. We use single-gene expression vectors and structural analysis to show that the reduced titer is associated with the VL CDR2 of Ab001.

How a time machine concept aids dementia care.

People with Alzheimer's disease may be able to recall events from their past clearly yet unable to remember events from minutes or hours ago. They often hold outdated beliefs about themselves, which can trigger challenging behaviour. This article explains how the simple analogy of the "time machine" can help staff in all settings to understand belief systems in dementia.

Doll use in care homes for people with dementia.

Dolls and teddy bears were introduced into an Elderly Mentally Ill (EMI) home as part of a non-pharmacological intervention. Thirteen residents from a population of 33 chose to use a doll and one chose a teddy bear. The impact of the toys was assessed on five domains over a 12-week period and the findings were generally positive, which was consistent with previous observations (Mackenzie et al.